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Bay leaves (Sygygium polyanthum), kaffir lime leaves (Citrus hystrix) and pandan leaves (Pandanus amaryllifolius) are herb leaves with unique aroma that are often added to dishes to strengthen and enrich the taste. The high demand of the leaves has prompted efforts to make them easy to distribute and shelf stable. Drying can increase the shelf life of these leaves with acceptable quality. The objectives of the research were to determine drying models for these leaves using two types of driers and to determine the panelist's preference for the dried and rehydrated leaves. These herb leaves are fresh-picked from the tree, cleaned and dried using the two different driers, i.e. fluidized bed drier (temperature 40-42°C) and tray drier (temperature 58-61°C). The leaves were weighed every 15 minutes until they reached a constant weight. Fresh leaves and dry leaves were photographed. The drying kinetics of both types of driers were checked with the Lewis model and Page model. Panelist preference test was carried out on dry leaves and leaves that had been rehydrated using hot water. The results showed that drying with a tray drier was able to dry faster than that with a fluidized bed drier. The Page drying model is more suitable to describe the drying conditions than the Lewis drying model. Panelists preferred dry and rehydrated herb leaves obtained from fluidized bed drier. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Corn noodle is a potential product to be developed in non-wheat producing countries; however the texture is generally less preferred than wheat noodles. The addition of propylene glycol alginate (PGA) and soy protein isolate (SPI) to the dough was expected to decrease the hardness of corn noodles and increase its protein content. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of PGA (0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, and 1%) and SPI (0, 5, and 10%) addition on corn noodle rheology. Five parameters were analyzed i.e. cooking loss, elongation, hardness, cohesiveness and stickiness. A hedonic rating test was also performed to evaluate the corn noodle organoleptic quality. The results showed that the addition of PGA decreased the cooking loss and hardness, but increased the elongation and cohessiveness. While the addition of SPI decreased the cooking loss and cohessiveness (at PGA level 0 and 0.25%), it increased hardness and elongation (at PGA level 0%). Based on the hedonic test, corn noodle with 0.5% PGA without the addition of SPI was the most preferred formula. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to analyze the influence of Islamic leadership, Islamic work ethic, work discipline, and job satisfaction on the success of teacher performance. The approach used is quantitative with a correlational type. The study population consisted of 185 teachers, with a sample of 126 teachers selected through a simple random sampling technique using Google Forms distribution. Data were analyzed using SmartPLS V.3.29. The results showed that Islamic leadership did not significantly affect teacher performance. However, Islamic work ethic, work discipline, and job satisfaction positively and significantly affected teacher performance. Islamic leadership and work ethic significantly affected job satisfaction, while work discipline did not. Islamic leadership had an indirect positive effect on teacher performance through job satisfaction, while Islamic work ethic and work discipline did not have a significant effect through job satisfaction. Based on the study results, teacher performance is optimal. All variables tested showed a dominant positive effect on other variables. The researcher designed the Islamic Integrity Index (i3) model as a concept of teacher performance standards in improving professionalism to produce quality education.

Kalkulus kuantum yang selanjutnya disebut sebagai kalkulus-$q$ merupakan cabang baru dari ilmu matematika dimana konsep derivatif dari sebua fungsi real dapat dihitung tanpa menggunakan limit. Pada paper ini membahas sebuah permasalahan benda jatuh dalam media penahan dengan sudut pandang kalkulus-$q$. Persamaan diferensial-$q$ yang mendeskripsikan kecepatan vertikal telah didapatkan. sehingga berdasarkan hal ini persamaan eksak untuk kecepatan vertikal dan jarak vertikal telah tersedia. Penyelesaian yang didapatkan diekspresikan ke dalam suku fungsi eksponensial-$q$ yang mana fungsi dasar dari kalkulus-$q$. Dimensionalitas dari formula kecepatan dan jarak juga dianalisis. Sebagai tambahan penyelesaian eksak yang ada akan menyerupai penyelesaian versi klasiknya dalam mekanika Newton ketika parameter kuantum q mendekati satu. Selain itu untuk melihat perilaku dari penyelesaian yang didapatkan terdapat simulasi dengan memperhatikan dua parameter yang berubah, yaitu jumlah suku pada fungsi eksponensial-{$q$} dan parameter kuantum $q$.

This research aims to analyze the implementation of madrasah-based management in improving the quality of education at Madrasah Aliyah Tulungagung from three aspects of management: planning, implementation, and evaluation. This research uses a qualitative case study approach, with research sites at MAN 1 Tulungagung and MAN 2 Tulungagung. Data collection techniques use interviews, documentation, and field observations. The data analysis technique uses the Milles Huberman interactive model, namely data reduction, data display, and data verification. The research results show that the two madrasah have implemented management to improve the quality of madrasah-based education, starting from planning, implementation, and evaluation to create high-achieving Islamic educational institutions. Planning to improve the quality of madrasah-based education reaches level 3, namely representative participation. Implementation of improving the quality of madrasah-based education reaches level 4, namely transformative participation, and evaluation of improving the quality of madrasah-based education reaches level 4, namely transformative participation. This research provides implications regarding the importance of madrasah-based management by involving all parties in managing educational institutions efficiently and effectively.

This paper explores and describes the concept of differentiated instruction according to Carol Tomlinson and the Concept of the Merdeka Curriculum. This paper is based on library research, uses secondary data collected using documentation techniques, and is qualitative-descriptive. The results: the Merdeka Curriculum is the Indonesian curriculum characterized by three things: which are emphasizing the main (essential) material, adding material of character building for the project called building 'Pelajar Pancasila,' and teacher flexibility in conducting learning to fulfill the needs and interests of students. Differentiated instruction, as one of the methods suitable for the Merdeka Curriculum, is a teaching philosophy based on the premise that students learn best when their teachers accommodate their different readiness levels, interests, and learning profiles. Teachers can distinguish at least four classroom elements: content, process, product, and learning environment. Thus, in learning Islamic Education, teachers need to understand the diverse backgrounds of learners in terms of readiness, interests, and learning profiles. Furthermore, teachers differentiate Islamic education in content, process, product, and learning environment.

Like coffee, the popularity of speciality chocolate flavour or single-origin chocolate is growing in the Indonesian market. At the same time, sensory characteristic of the chocolate flavors is becoming more important, affecting both the taste and marketing of food product with chocolate flavor. As such, this study aims to describe UHT milk with single-origin chocolate through a complete sensory attribute mapping. A focus group discussion (FGD) resulted 15 texture attributes, 11 need-state attributes, 15 music attributes, 17 emotion attributes, 11 flavor attributes, and additional 70 color attributes. The complete sensory mapping test was performed using the CATA method based on attributes obtained from the FGD and analyzed using XLSTAT. The resulting product descriptions are as follows: cocoa Flores products were associated with soft and light textures, a need to focus and provide energy, pleasant classical and pop music, relaxed and warm emotions, flavors of ice cream, and light green, purple and brown colors. Cocoa Bali was linked to a smooth but rather hard texture, a need for rest and exercise, a cheerful musical style, happy emotions, a biscuit flavor, and a pink-yellow color. Cocoa Aceh was correlated with smooth and soft textures, state-of-the-art rest, energetic music, relaxed and energetic emotions, creamy flavor, and blue color. Meanwhile, cocoa Java was attributed with a smooth but rather hard texture, a state-of-the-art mood booster, cheerful music, relaxed emotions, ice cream flavor, and red-brown color. Thus, understanding specific sensory characteristics enables the producer to improve the product's development and marketing.

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have several applications in nanoscience and nanomedicine such as antibacterial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory and anti-angiogenic properties. In the present study, the AgNPs were synthesized by the chemical method and characterised using a combination of UV-Visible (UV-Vis) spectrophotometry, Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR) spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The AgNPs were made by chemically reducing AgNO3 with NaBH4 leading to the formation of a characteristic yellowish-brown colour of AgNPs. To investigate the formation, crystalline behavior, and quality of AgNPs powder, XRD measurements were performed. The produced AgNPs were found to be spherical, dispersed, and scattered in form and the particle size of the AgNPs formed was about 15 nm and they were crystalline in nature. The interaction of AgNO3 with biomolecules may have numerous applications in nanoscience and nanomedicine.

This writing aims to determine the legal consequences of a notary when making a deed outside the territory of his office. In this study, the authors used normative data collection techniques carried out by conducting a library search and supported by primary raw materials in the form of applicable laws and regulations, and secondary raw materials in the form of books, articles, and magazines, Pasal 17 letter a Law of The Republic of Indonesia Number 2 of 2014 concerning the Position of Notary. Determining “Notaries are prohibited from carrying out positions outside their territory of office” is in line with the prohibition of notaries making deeds outside their working area. If a notary draws up a deed outside his territory of office, he will be subject to sanctions contained in Pasal 17 Paragraph (1) of Law Number 2 of 2014 concerning the Position of Notary.

This study aims to find a model of education management for the entrepreneurship development of community based on mosque as a form of community mental revolution movement. The research method used is participatory action research (PAR) which is carried out through four stages, namely, planning, observation, and reflection, which in its implementation are carried out in various cycles of activities with the people of Bantur District. The results showed that mosque-based community entrepreneurship development education management activities were able to identify the actual conditions of the community through a SWOT analysis, which in turn found strategies and methods in solving the problems they faced. After the planning is implemented, the community implements it with the assistance and facilitation of the researcher. Observations were made to identify and analyze strengths, weaknesses, challenges, and opportunities. This was done by involving the community. Furthermore, the community's efforts are then reflected and evaluated; both strengths, weaknesses, challenges, and opportunities are carried out by involving the community.

This study aims to describe form and practice of multicultural education management based on Ulu al-Albab perspective at State Islamic University (UIN) of Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang. This study uses a qualitative approach with a bibliographic resarch type with content analysis on the meaning of multicultural education management based on Ulu al-Albab perspective. This study figures out that (1) several aspects were developed as a form of multicultural education, including aspects of institutional development, facilities and infrastructure, academic, research and community service, student affairs, quality assurance, cooperation, building a spirit of giving and sacrifice, and development of academic character and noble morals; (2) multicultural education, closely related to university programs, including implementation of integration of Islam and science, optimizing the role of ma'had, increasing foreign language competence, increasing the quantity of human resources, revitalization of social and religious roles, implementation of information technology-based management, internationalization of universities and international cooperation towards World Class University (WCU), implementation of institutional development, and exploration of funding sources.

This research aims to excavate the meaning and substance contained in the entire thought of Islamic boarding school and madrasah in the politic of educational in Indonesia. The method of research use bibliografic research with content analysis. The results of study revealed that Islamic boarding school and madrasah in politic of education in Indonesia experienced tremendous dynamics, especially starting from the colonial period, namely the pioneering stages of the establishment of madrasah; the old order. Islamic boarding school and madrasah are not only recognized, but also in the form of coaching and guidance; the new order, madrasah is aimed to build an intact national education system completely. Therefore, madrasah has extra burden of considerable weight, because it must provide curriculum of level public school completely, he also had to provide the essential materials of Islam that had been taught; the reformation period. Islamic boarding school and madrasah diniyah received recognition juridically; and the period after reform. Islamic boarding school and madrasah are faced with a touch of technology.

Abstract: The Islamic education reform comprises a change that affects people’s choice of education as an agent of change and human and capital investment. Thus, it is a need to modernize the thought of renewing Islamic education according to the time’s advances. The study of the Islamic education reform in early 20th century has become relevant in the context of valuable lessons for reform and or modernization of Islamic education in subsequent developments. This research employed a philosophical and implemental approach. It was bibliographic research with the content analysis of the meaning and substance contained in the whole thought about the reform of the Islamic education in early 20th century. This study found that there were three patterns of renewal of Islamic education; (1) modern orientation in Europe, (2) the refinement of Islamic teachings, and (3) nationalism reform. The concept of Islamic education reform encompasses all ideas that are guided by the Qur’an and Sunnah, and continues to follow the times consciously and systematically and directed towards the interests that refer to the progress of science and technology, and based on faith and devotion (IMTAQ). The reform of the Islamic education system has included both the conceptual-theoretical and operational-practical levels, as well as the fundamental aspects that underlie the students’ lives; it is monotheistic faith which has a monolatry dimension of piety to God. It encourages and ignites to play a real role in all aspects of life. الملخص: إصلاح التعليم الإسلامي هو شكل من أشكال التغيير الذي يؤثر على اختيار الناس للتعليم كعامل للتغيير والاستثمار البشري ورأس المال. فلذلك, يجب تحديث فكرة مجددي التعليم الإسلامي دائما وقفا بالزمان الواقع أومما هو أبعد وأجدد منه. أصبحت دراسة إصلاح التعليم الإسلامي في أوائل القرن العشرين مناسبا وأكثر اهتماما من أجل استكشاف التجارب القيمة أو المعلومات أو الإمكانات المتعلقة بتطوير التعليم الإسلامي في المستفبل. استخدم الباحث المنهج الفلسفي والمنهج التنفيذي على أنواع ببليوغرافية مع تحليل محتوى المعنى والمضمون المتضمن في جميع التفكير حول إصلاح التعليم الإسلامي في أوائل القرن العشرين. وجد الباحث في هذا البحث على الأقل ثلاثة انماط لتجديد التربية الإسلامية. الأول كمنحى التحديث في أوروبا, والثاني للتخليص التعاليم الإسلامية, والثالث كالتحديث الوطنية. يشمل مفهوم إصلاح التعليم الإسلامي جميع المفاهيم التي يسترشد بها القرآن والسنة ويثبت في متابعة الزمان وتشير إلى تقدم العلم والتكنولوجيا على أساس الإيمان والتقوى بالله. يشمل تحديث نظام التعليم الإسلامي كلا من المستويات المفاهيمية النظرية والعملية الواقعية بالإضافة إلى المفاصل الأساسية التي تؤسس حياة الطلاب وهو الإيمان والتوحيد بالله تعالى من أجل تشجيع وتحفيز الطلاب ليلعب دورا حقيقيا في جميع مجال الحياة. Abstrak: Reformasi pendidikan Islam merupakan bentuk perubahan yang mempengaruhi pilihan masyarakat terhadap pendidikan sebagai agent of change dan human and capital investmen. Maka, pemikiran pembaharuan pendidikan Islam harus selalu dimodernisasi sesuai bahkan melampaui perkembangan zaman. Kajian reformasi pendidikan Islam awal abad-20 ini menjadi sangat relevan dalam rangka pelajaran berharga untuk reformasi dan atau modernisasi pendidikan Islam dalam perkembangan selanjutnya. Penelitian dengan pendekatan filosofis dan implementatif ini bersifat penelitian bibliografic resarch dengan content analysis terhadap makna dan substansi yang terkandung dalam keseluruhan pemikiran tentang reformasi pendidikan Islam awal abad-20. Kajian ini menemukan setidaknya ada tiga pola pembaharuan pendidikan Islam; (1) oreintasi modern di Eropa, (2) untuk pemurnian kembali ajaran Islam, (3) pembaharuan bersifat nasionalisme. Konsep reformasi pendidikan Islam meliputi segala konsep yang berpatok kepada al-Qur’an dan Sunnah, dan tetap mengikuti perkembangan zaman yang secara sadar dan sistematis serta terarah pada kepentingan yang mengacu pada kemajuan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi (IPTEK), dan dilandasi dengan keimanan dan ketaqwaan (IMTAQ). Pembaharuan sistem Pendidikan Islam telah mencangkup baik pada tataran konseptual-teoritis maupun operasional-praktis, serta sendi-sendi fundamental yang mendasari kehidupan peserta didik, yaitu iman tauhid yang berdimensi ketakwaan yang monoloyal kepada Allah, dalam rangka mendorong dan memacu untuk berperan nyata dalam semua lini kehidupan.

In line with the increase of coffee enthusiasts in Indonesia, coffee shops are now emerging roommates presents the enjoyment of local coffee in a distinctive way. One of the coffee shops that have a typical way is a Klinik Kopi. The purpose of this study: 1) to identify the Klinik Kopi business model, 2) to analyze internal and external factors that affect the Clinical Coffee business activities and, 3) to formulate strategies and improvement programs as the business development of the Klinik Kopi. This study uses a combination of business model canvas (BMC) approach and SWOT matrix analysis. Results of the study show that optimizing the main resources to create a new value proposition in designing future business models in the form of socio-entrepreneurship programs and business inspiration books influences every element of the business model canvas, namely an increase of carried out in key activities, key partners, channels, segments consumers and incoming revenue streams. Consumer relationships need to be improved in an effort to maintain customer segments.

The problem of death and immortality is an ontological concern of human being. Islam and Hinduism, like other religions, have always sought to resolve this problem. Philosophical, verbal, mystical, and Qur’anic criticisms have attracted the attention of Muslim and Hindu scholars.The issue of immortality has been examined from different perspectives. In this study, it is examined from the perspectives of the Holy Qur’an and the ancient Upanishads. The use of the word soul in the Qur’anic verses, and then, with references to the early Upanishads is a key point in understanding the immortality of the human soul. In the Qur’an, special attention has been paid to the issue of the soul and has been referred to as a safe soul. In the Abrahamic religions, human creation is distinctive from other beings, and the final stage of creation is that of human being. In the old Upanishads, only the universal human being (Purusha) is considered as the soul and the main source of the world. The true and inward human being (Atman) is only meaningful in the unity and permanent union with Brahma, and the material aspect of human being (Perkeṛiti) is not very important.

This dissertation titled "The Policies of Authoritarian Regimes towards Political Islam: A Case Study on Soeharto’s and Anwar Sadat’s Regimes" attempts to answer this question: what policies towards Political Islam were adopted by Soeharto’s and Sadat’s regimes and what are the similarities and differences between both of them as well as their underlying factors? This dissertation is a library research with qualitative data using descriptive, interpretative, and analytical approaches based on the theory of policy. The policies of both regimes are classified into two broad strategies, namely: first, the subjugation of Political Islam’s power (through two modes: a. violence and marginalization; and b. propaganda and image politics); second, the accommodation of Political Islam (through two modes: social and religious appeasement; and legislative policy appeasement). Those policies are significantly of similar style and aim but different in terms of order and tactic of implementation. In general, those policies are equally pragmatic and realistic for maximizing the regime’s strength and gains and outrivaling all powers of Political Islam with view of achieving the state’s political stability and avoiding the emergence of legitimacy crisis owing to domestic situations. Therefore, the researcher refers to such policies as hegemonic regime’s domestic political stability strategy.

Electricity consumption in the household sector is classified into two categories based on the economic class of the household. The first category is the low class, in which the greatest electricity consumption (approximately 20.00%) is used for lighting. The second category is the medium and high class, in which the greatest electricity consumption (approximately 20.00-32.00%) occurs for powering the air conditioning (AC) system. To date, vertical type housing can be commonly found in the medium class, and as of 2017, the level of occupation has reached 9.52%. This condition calls for an analysis on the energy consumption and energy efficiency of the buildings. Case found in a low-cost apartment building, also known as Rumah Susun Sederhana Sewa (Rusunawa) in Yogyakarta, Indonesia, is one example where an energy monitoring system is needed. This is due to the inhabitants' habit of electrical usage that is unsuitable to the Rusunawa's function, such as their inefficient use of AC and washing machines. The energy meter system measures the electrical voltage and current of electrical appliances that are attached to the system. This system utilizes a ZMPT101B-5 sensor to measure the voltage and an ACS712 sensor to measure the elctrical current. The design of the energy meter system enables one to measure the voltage and current of electrical appliances with a 4.40% margin of error. Based on the measurements obtained in this paper, the AC is the greatest source of power consumption, with an approximate value of 800 kWh.

This paper present a text dataset which can be used in the field of text analysis, especially sentiment analysis. This dataset covers the primary data which consists of 10,806 lines of Indonesian text data originated from Twitter social media, which categorized into three categories that are positive, negative, and neutral; and the raw data which consists of 454,559 lines of unprocessed data. Other than that, on the labeled data, the data is cleaned by removing many kind of noises in the data, such as symbols or urls. In this paper, the presented dataset is tested using a sentiment analysis model to make sure that this dataset is suitable to be used in the field of text analysis. The testing is done by measuring the model accuracy which is trained using this dataset and then comparing it to other model which is trained using already published dataset. After testing the data using various algorithm, such as SVM, KNN, and SGD, the accuracy result between our data and the comparison data are more or less equal with around 4% to 12% differences in accuracy, and prove that the dataset presented in this paper is feasible to be used in sentiment analysis. Dataset can be downloaded from link at conclusion section

The poverty reduction program by the Indonesian government in 2018-2019 had appointed PT. PQR as the distributor of native chicken DOC. This study aimed to analyze the current PT PQR business model and improve the business model. The study used the Business Model Canvas. The findings were the followings. The Customer segment was classified as a niche market with Government as the largest consumer, and the rest was native chicken farmers. The value proportion was to offer vaccinated DOC of native chicken form pure local strain that meets the consumers’ demand. Even though the most effective promotion and sales media was Facebook, PT PQR was unable to increase customer loyalty. The company income resources were sales of DOC, live birds, and fresh-cut native chicken. The main resources were machine, building facilities, and intellectual resources such as ISO management system, cooperation with some experts of BALITNAK and BPATP, and expert staff. The partnership was performed by the acquisition of resources and key activities. Key activities were production activity which relates to transportation from cages-egg reception, egg selection-fumigation-storage in cooling room-hatch-transfer-candling-pull chick. The highest production costs of native chicken DOC were feed and vaccine costs. The improvement programs were increasing production capacity, increasing the number of employees, and cooperating with other native chicken companies. Keywords: business model, business model canvas, business strategic, native chicken, production Abstrak: Program pemerintah Indonesia tahun 2018-2019 mengenai pembagian DOC ayam kampung dalam rangka penanggulangan kemiskinan, PT PQR ditunjuk sebagai supplier DOC ayam kampung. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis model bisnis PT PQR saat ini dengan bisnis kanvas model serta alternatif perbaikan model bisnisnya Metode penelitian dengan menggunakan Model Bisnis Kanvas. Segmen pelanggan termasuk pasar ceruk, yaitu Pemerintah yang merupakan pelanggan terbesar, sedangkan pelanggan lainnya ialah peternak ayam kampung. Proporsi nilai berupa penawaran galur murni ayam kampung kampung kualitas DOC sesuai keinginan pelanggan, dan DOC sudah divaksin. Saluran terefektif untuk sarana promosi dan penjualan ialah facebook, walaupun demikian PT PQR kurang dapat meningkatkan kesetiaan pelanggan. Sumber pendapatan perusahaan berasal dari penjualan DOC ayam kampung, ayam kampung hidup, dan ayam kampung potong. Sumber daya utama yang dikuasai berupa fasilitas bangunan dan mesin, dan sumber daya intelektual berupa sistem manajemen ISO, kerja sama dengan Balai Penelitian Ternak, dan staf ahli. Kemitraan dilakukan untuk mengakuisisi sumber daya dan aktivitas tertentu. Aktivitas kunci merupakan aktivitas produksi yang terkait dengan transportasi dari kandang-Penerimaan telur-Penyeleksian telur-Fumigasi-Penyimpanan di cooling room-Pengeraman-Transfer-Candling-Pull chick. Biaya yang paling tinggi untuk memproduksi DOC ayam kampung ialah biaya pakan dan biaya vaksin. Program perbaikan berupa penambahan kapasitas produksi, penambahan jumlah karyawan, dan menjalin kerjasama dengan perusahaan ayam kampung lainnya. Kata kunci: ayam kampung, bisnis kanvas model, model bisnis, strategi bisnis, produksi

The purpose of this research is to determine the effect of tax addiction with admission letter and enforcement letter toward tax payer compliance. The method that be used in this research is multiple linier regression which test using SPSS Program In this research, the sample is taken from admission letters and enforcement letter that issued by tax office in the Directorate General of Taxation Central Java I and Central Java II Territory during period 2010 and 2011. The method for choosing the sample is nonprobability, choosing sample based on simplycity Based on the result of the research, shows that the result of hypothesis partially (t-test) get the significancy variable score admission letter and enforcement letter is 0,003 and 0,001 smaller than 0,05. So its proved that admission letter and enforcement letter have significant influence toward tax payer compliance. Determination coefficient shows 0,324 or 32,4% means 32,4% tax payer compliance is influenced by admission letter and enforcement letter.

It has designed and constructed a robot control system using positions eye pupil cues with motion detection method. The method detects changes in image as a process of movement. The image of the eye pupil was captured by a webcam and subsequently converted into a gray scale. To determine the direction of motion of the prototype robot, has been used the rules of segmentation e.g. the division of area of the image obtained. In every area of an image or segmentation unit will be set to a detector, and if there is movement in that area will be reported in the percentage of movement. Percentage value of the segmentation cells is fed to the parallel port so the prototype robot can move forward, turn right, turn left, and stop.