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Extracellular enzymes produced by fungi can serve as a screening tool for entomopathogen candidates. Enzyme secretion ability is important in determining the virulence level of an entomopathogenic fungus. This study aims to see the potential of fungal isolates through chitinolytic, lipolytic, and proteolytic activities of five entomopathogenic fungal isolated from Bactrocera sp. imago from citrus plants. The research was carried out at the Microbiology Laboratory of the Department of Biology at the University of Lampung. Enzymatic activity is known through the method of observing the clear zone formed on agar media. Quantitative tests based on the calculation of enzymatic index values showed that Nigrospora sp. (IB1) had lipolytic activity, Penicillium sp. 2 (IB5) isolates had chitinolytic, lipolytic, and proteolytic activities. The isolates of Penicillium sp. 1 (IB2), Phytopthora sp. (IB3), and Gliocladium sp. (IB4) did not show the activity of the three enzymes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Kalimantan acid sulphate land has the potential to be developed into productive land, with good land optimization. Utilization of rhizosphere microorganism diversity, especially mold can potentially provide a solution in optimizing agricultural land, namely the ability to produce extracellular enzymes. This study aims to determine the potential of mold originating from acid sulphate fields in producing extracellular enzymes (pectinase, chitinase, glucanase, cellulase, and phosphatase). The study was conducted in June-July 2019 at the Microbiology Laboratory, Indonesian Center for Agricultural Biotechnology and Genetic Resources Research and Development. Screening of extracellular enzyme-producing fungi was carried out on selection media. The results obtained by some isolates have the ability to produce extracellular enzymes. Indications of the ability of mold to produce extracellular enzymes are the presence of clear zones in the selection medium. In pectinase, chitinase and glucanase testing all isolates showed negative results. Potential isolates in producing extracellular enzymes include Penicillium sp. Paddy 4.1 (cellulolytic index 2.43), Clonostachys sp. KRMT 17.9 and Penicillium singorense KLK 13.7 (proteolytic indices 3.97 and 3,00, respectively). The difference in index values ​​indicates the variation in the level of enzyme activity.

The rapid cultivation of aquaculture with the application of intensive systems in recent years, has raised problems in the form of a decrease in the carrying capacity of ponds for the life of aquaculture organisms. The further impact caused is the occurrence of a series of diseases and damage to environmental conditions. Anticipatory measures through the application of bioremediation are solutions to prevent more serious damage. In the bioremediation process, enzymes play the role of catalysts that accelerate biochemical reactions in ponds of soil and water. Bacteria associated with sponges have various bioactive compounds that can inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria. The purpose of this study is isolation and screening of bacteria associated with sponges that have extracellular enzyme activity (proteolytic, amylolytic, cellulolytic, and lipolytic) and antibacterial activity, as well as knowing the interaction of antagonism properties among the best isolates, and phenotypic identification of bacterial species. This research was conducted in 4 stages: sample collection, isolation, selection, and identification. The results showed that the total sponge symbiotic bacteria obtained were 15 isolates with the potential of 15 proteolytic isolates, 12 amylolytic isolates, 12 lipolytic isolates, and 4 cellulolytic isolates. There were 10 isolates having antibacterial activity against Vibrio harveyi and 2 isolates had antibacterial activity against Vibrio alginolyticus. The best bacterial isolates SP.1.3, SP.5.1, and SP.5.3 have no antagonistic activity between the three. Phenotypic identification of 3 isolates alleged that isolates SP.1.3, SP.5.1, and SP.5.2 were identified as Bacillus sp., Acinetobacter sp., And Pseudomonas sp. Pesatnya kegiatan budidaya perikanan dengan penerapan sistem intensif dalam beberapa tahun terakhir, telah memunculkan permasalahan berupa penurunan daya dukung tambak bagi kehidupan organisme budidaya. Dampak lanjut yang ditimbulkan adalah terjadinya serangkaian penyakit dan kerusakan kondisi lingkungan. Langkah antisipatif melalui penerapan bioremediasi merupakan solusi untuk mencegah kerusakan yang lebih serius. Dalam proses bioremediasi, enzim memainkan peran katalis yang mempercepat reaksi biokimia di kolam tanah dan air. Bakteri yang berasosiasi dengan spons memiliki beragam senyawa bioaktif yang dapat menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri patogen. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah isolasi dan skrining bakteri yang berasosiasi dengan spons yang memiliki aktivitas enzim ekstraseluler (proteolitik, amilolitik, selulolitik, dan lipolitik) dan aktivitas antibakteri, serta mengetahui interaksi sifat antagonisme antar isolat terbaik, dan identifikasi spesies bakteri secara fenotipik. Penelitian ini dilakukan dalam 4 tahap: koleksi sampel, isolasi, seleksi, dan identifikasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa total bakteri simbion spons yang diperoleh 15 isolat dengan potensi 15 isolat proteolitik, 12 isolat amilolitik, 12 isolat lipolitik, dan 4 isolat selulolitik. Terdapat 10 isolat memiliki aktivitas antibakteri terhadap Vibrio harveyi dan 2 isolat memiliki aktivitas antibakteri terhadap Vibrio alginolyticus. Isolat bakteri terbaik SP.1.3, SP.5.1, dan SP.5.3 tidak memiliki aktivitas saling antagonis antar ketiganya. Identifikasi fenotipik dari 3 isolat diduga bahwa isolat SP.1.3, SP.5.1, dan SP.5.2 diidentifikasi sebagai Bacillus sp., Acinetobacter sp., dan Pseudomonas sp.

Bioremediation of shrimp pond plays an important role in the effort to clean up the internal pollutants of pond produced during the cultivation process. Shrimp farming produces mainly organic waste from food remains and the excreta. Heterotrophic bacteria have the ability to produce extracellular enzymes required for the bioremediation of organic waste. This study aimed to isolate heterotrophic bacteria from mangrove ecosystem to be developed as agents of bioremediation of organic wastes in shrimp ponds. This was done by isolating and selecting bacteria producing extracellular enzymes of proteolytic, amylolitic, lipolytic and cellulolytic from mangrove sediments collected from the mangrove area of Segara Anakan at District of Cilacap and Kaliuntu, district of Rembang. Isolations were done by pour-plate method using a Zobell agar medium. Assays for proteolytic, amilolytic, lipolytic and cellulolytic activity were performed using paper disk on Zobell agar medium enriched respectively with 1% skim milk, 1% soluble starch, 1% tween 80 and 1% CMC. Hydrolytic zone diameter was used as the basis for selection of enzymatic activities. The results obtained was 35 isolates (16 isolates from Kaliuntu--Rembang dan 19 isolate froms Segara Anakan -- Cilacap), consisting of 33 proteolytic enzyme, 25 amilolytic enzyme, 29 lipolytic enzyme and 12 isolates cellulolytic producing enzyme. Based on hydrolytic zone diameter were selected 9 isolates which potential to be developed as bioremediation agent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]