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Background: Over the last decade (2014–2024), the global prevalence of metabolic risk factors such as dyslipidemia (5-8%), hypertension (5-10%), obesity (10-15%) and elevated blood glucose levels (10-15%) has been steadily increasing. Objectives: To determine the correlation among the dietary consumption, lifestyle factors, and metabolic risk factors among the respondent of age 18-65 years. Methods: The respondent (n=419) were enrolled from August 2023 to February 2024 in Coimbatore, India. The sociodemographic characteristics, dietary intake, stress levels, and physical activity were measured using questionnaires. The respondent’s anthropometry, HbA1c level, blood pressure, and liver function tests were examined, and those with abnormal liver enzymes underwent abdominal ultrasonography for fatty liver diagnosis. The descriptive, Chi square and Kendall’s tau correlation coefficient were performed for statistical analysis. Results: This research showed a weak correlation among protein intake of the respondent and obesity (r=0.084 and p-value=0.026). A significant association was observed among blood pressure range and the consumption of fat (r=0.079, p-value=0.039), protein (r=0.158, p-value

Latar Belakang: Diabetes melitus (DM) merupakan penyakit degeneratif dengan ciri peningkatan glukosa darah (hiperglikemia). Berdasarkan Riskesdas tahun 2018, prevalensi diabetes melitus yang didiagnosis oleh dokter pada remaja adalah 0,1%. Peningkatan kadar glukosa darah dapat disebabkan oleh tingginya konsumsi gula yang dipicu oleh ambang rasa manis yang tinggi. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara ambang rasa manis dengan kadar glukosa darah puasa pada remaja di Surabaya Indonesia. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross sectional dengan sampel 97 orang yang dilipih melalui metode simple random sampling. Pengumpulan data ambang rasa manis dilakukan dengan metode three-alternative forced-choice (3-AFC). Ambang rasa manis dikategorikan sebagai tinggi jika sampel hanya mampu 4 pertanyaan. Pengukuran glukosa darah dilakukan menggunakan glucometer oleh tenaga medis, dengan tingkat Glukosa Darah Puasa (GDP) >100 mg/dl diklasifikasikan sebagai tinggi. Analisis dilakukan dengan uji statistik Chi Square. Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sebanyak 12,4% responden memiliki ambang rasa manis tinggi dan sebanyak 10,3% responden memiliki hasil kadar GDP tinggi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tidak ada hubungan antara ambang rasa manis dengan kadar GDP pada remaja di Pondok Pesantren Subulussalam Surabaya (p-value=0,210). Kesimpulan: Tidak ada hubungan antara ambang rasa manis dengan kadar GDP glukosa pada remaja di Pondok Pesantren Subulussalam Surabaya. Sebaiknya responden yang memiliki kadar GDP tinggi dapat melakukan pemeriksaan lanjutan agar mendapatkan penanganan dini dan dapat mengatur pola hidup yang lebih sehat. Kata Kunci: Ambang Rasa, Diabetes Melitus, Kadar Glukosa Darah Puasa, Remaja

This article presents Ansys simulations and experimental testing to determine how TBC affects engine performance and emissions. In this work, two distinct thermal barrier coatings have been identified, and the same coating materials were subsequently sprayed onto the pistons of an internal combustion engine. Transient thermal analysis reveals that TBC-1 and TBC-2 coatings reduce surface temperature distributions by 35% and 18%, respectively, and that these engines improve Brake Thermal Efficiency (BTE) by 8.71% and 7.62%, respectively, compared to non-coated engines operating under full load. TBC-1 and TBC-2 coated engines are found to have Brake-Specific Fuel Consumption (BSFC) reductions of 27.13% and 18.81%, respectively. Complete combustion reduces emissions of CO and HC, as the heat balance sheet indicates because the conversion of energy and mechanical work are enhanced by 3.56 percentage points and 2.0 percentage points, respectively.