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This study is to analyze the effect of dividend policy, good corporate governance mechanisms, and audit quality on agency costs in manufacturing companies that conduct IPOs on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in the 2017-2020 period. In Indonesia, there are many companies that have relationships with agency costs, especially companies whose managers and owners of capital are different, such as companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). This research is essentially a form of quantitative research that uses secondary data, namely the company's annual report. This study used a sample of 132 companies in the manufacturing sector. The technique for analyzing the data in this study test a regression model selection test, classical assumption test, multiple linear regression, f test, and individual hypothesis testing (t test). According to the results of data analysis, it can be concluded that dividend policy, audit committee, audit quality, and institutional ownership has no effect on agency costs. In the other hand, independent commissioners have a significant negative effect on agency costs.

Abstract This article intends to review the theoretical aspects and current research on agency theory. It aims to explore the main ideas, problems, and issues related to agency theory through a survey of the current literature. Agency theory is caused by agency relationships and information asymmetry which causes agency problems and agency costs. This article not only categorizes agency problems into six categories representing various concepts and problems but also solutions offered related to agency theory research over the last five years. This literature survey will enlighten practitioners and researchers in understanding, analyzing, mitigating agency problems, and guiding future research on agency theory. Abstrak Artikel ini bermaksud untuk meninjau aspek teoretis dan riset terkini tentang teori keagenan. Hal ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi ide-ide utama, masalah, dan isu-isu yang terkait dengan teori keagenan melalui survei literatur saat ini. Teori keagenan disebabkan oleh hubungan keagenan dan asimetri informasi yang menyebabkan masalah keagenan dan biaya keagenan. Artikel ini tidak hanya mengkategorikan masalah keagenan ke dalam enam kategori yang mewakili berbagai konsep dan masalah tetapi juga menawarkan solusi terkait dengan riset teori keagenan selama lima tahun terakhir. Survei literatur ini akan mencerahkan praktisi dan peneliti dalam memahami, menganalisis, mengurangi masalah keagenan, dan membantu memandu riset selanjutnya tentang teori keagenan.

This study aims to examine the influence of agency costs on financial performance and women on the board of commissioners on the influence of agency costs on financial performance. The sample in this study is a non-financial company listed on the Indonesian stock exchange in 2014-2018. Data analysis was performed using panel data regression. This study indicates that agency costs negatively influence financial performance, and the existence of women on the board of commissioners can reduce the negative influence of agency costs on financial performance. It is indicated that women on the board of commissioners increase the alignment of principals and management. Women in the board of commissioners increase the board's ability to monitor the agent when making the decision, and women have characteristics such as risk-averse, conservatism, and ethics. JEL: G23, G32, J16

This study aims to determine the effect of readability based on the length of the annual report and the value relevance of the financial information on agency costs. The sample used in this study were 263 firm-year from Kompas100 index. Data were analyzed using multiple linear regression method. The result of this study indicate that the higher the number of pages, words and characters, which reflects the poor readability of the annual report, has a negative effect on the asset turnover ratio, which is an inverse proxy for agency costs. Furthermore, the presence of the analyst coverage variable is able to moderate the positive effect between the number of pages, words and characters in the annual report on the asset turnover ratio. However, no significant effect was found during both test between value relevance to asset turnover ratio and that are moderated by analyst coverage.

The results of previous studies regarding the determinants of strategic revelation of differences in segmen earnings growth are still not consistent. This study aims to examine and analyze the factors that are determinants of strategic revelation of differences in segmen earnings growth. These factors are proprietary costs, agency costs, and financing incentives. Tests of 136 year samples using multiple linear regression show that proprietary cost tend to increase the strategic revelation of differences in segmen earnings growth. Agency cost is proven to have no effect on the strategic revelation of differences in segmen earnings growth. And financing incentives are proven to have a negative effect on the strategic revelation of differences in segmen earnings growth. The results of this study have the implication that firstly, management does not realize the losses caused by competitors. Thereby increasing the level of strategic revelation of differences in segmen earnings growth. Secondly, there is no agency conflict that can affect the level of strategic revelation of differences in segmen earnings growth. And thirdly, management dares to take risks by providing high financial incentives to obtain financing funds but do not reduce information on variations in profit growth between segments.

This study aims to examine the influence of tax avoidance andcosts agencyon firm value and wants to test audit quality in strengthening and weakening the relationship between tax avoidance and firm value. The population in this study are companies listed in the LQ45 index in theEffect Exchange Indonesia2016-2018 period. Sampling in this study was carried out using purposive sampling with a total sample of 90 companies in a period of three years. This study uses a quantitative approach by using the SEM-PLS analysis method using WarpPLS 4.0 software. The results ofstudy this indicate that the variable tax avoidance that is projected using CashETR and agency costs projected with sales to total assets (STA) significantly influence the value of the company that is projected with Tobins'Q. The results of this study also show that the audit quality projected by bigfournot canweaken or strengthen the relationship that occurs between tax avoidance on firm value.

This study aims to examine the effect of tax avoidance as an independent variable to firm value and agency cost as dependent variable and transparency of information as moderating variable. The population in this study is the manufacturing companies in Indonesia that are listed on Bursa Efek Indonesia in the year 2016. Samples used in this study are 89 companies that are selected using the purpovise sampling method. This study used multiple liniear regression to examine the hypothesis. The result of this study shows that tax avoidance has a significant negative effect to the firm value. Tax avoidance also has significant positive effect to the agency cost. Lastly, transparency of information succeed to moderate the effect of tax avoidance on firm value become positive effect.

Secara alamiah, perusahaan dalam menjalankan aktivitas bisnis akan dipengaruhi oleh suatu kerangka tata kelola (corporate governance framework). Kerangka tersebut dibentuk hukum dan regulasi, anggaran dasar, kode etik, perjanjian-perjanjian yang dibuat dengan kreditur, konsumen dan lainnya. Agar perusahaan memiliki kelangsungan jangka panjang, shareholder dan stakeholder perlu mempertimbangkan tata kelola yang baik (good corporate governance). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh bukti empiris tentang pengaruh mekanisme internal corporate governance yang meliputi struktur kepemilikan dan ukuran dewan direksi terhadap biaya keagenan. Temuan penting penelitian ini adalah kepemilikan institusional belum efektif digunakan sebagai alat untuk memonitor menejemen dalam meningkatkan efisiensi pemanfaatan aktiva perusahaan dan ukuran dewan direksi dapat digunakan sebagai alat untuk meningkatkan efisiensi pemanfaatan aktiva perusahaan sebagai alat untuk meningkatkan kemakmuran pemegang saham dan dapat dijadikan variabel dalam mengurangi agency cost.

In this study,the author investigate the relationship of firm performance, leverage, firm size, and firm growth on the agency cost. In the company’s life, there are several holders an important role in the company itself. Agency theory explains that there are two parties to a company, the agent and principal.Researcher use firm performance, leverage, firm size, and firm growth as the independent variables. Researcher use the operational expenses ratio as proxy of agency cost. The high firm performance, expected to leads the lower agency cost.Researcher use the 19 listed trading firm on Indonesia, 26 listed trading firm on Malaysia, and 29 listed trading firm on Thailand. The empirical result show varying effect on agency cost in those three countries. The result of research depends on the characteristics of each country

This research aims to test the effect of agency cost toward financial performance in family business measured by Tobin’s Q and Altman Z-Score with proxied by insider ownership, dispersion ownership, institutional ownership. This research was conducted at family business firms listed in Indonesian Stock Exchange from 2011-2015. In this research, multiple linear regression analysis were used. The result show the agency cost (insider ownership, dispersion ownership, institutional ownership) simultaneously have a significant effect toward Tobin’s Q, insider ownership and institutional ownership are not significant toward Tobin’s Q, dispersion ownership has a significant effect toward Tobin’s Q, agency cost (insider ownership, dispersion ownership, institutional ownership) simultaneously and partial are not significant toward Altman Z-Score.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh struktur modal dan ukuran perusahaan terhadap agency cost; pengaruh struktur modal, ukuran perusahaan, dan agency cost terhadap kinerja perusahaan; serta pengaruh tidak langsung struktur modal dan ukuran perusahaan terhadap kinerja perusahaan melalui agency cost sebagai intervening variable. Populasi adalah perusahaan-perusahaan dalam industri dasar dan kimia yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia tahun 2009. Dari populasi ini dipilih populasi sasaran yang semuanya menjadi sampel penelitian. Metode statistika yang digunakan adalah analisis jalur. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh signifikan positif struktur modal terhadap agency cost dan pengaruh signifikan negatif ukuran perusahaan terhadap agency cost; tidak terdapat pengaruh signifikan struktur modal, ukuran perusahaan, dan agency cost terhadap kinerja perusahaan; serta tidak terdapat pengaruh tidak langsung struktur modal dan ukuran perusahaan terhadap kinerja perusahaan melalui agency cost sebagai intervening variable.

The purpose of the article was to investigation the influence agency cost that proxy with Dispersion of Ownership; Institutional Ownership; Free Cash Flow, life cycle of the firm and industries regulation on dividend policy in manufacture industry IndonesiaCapital Market (BEI). Agency theory, risk market theory and investment opportunity theory were used to develop theoretical framework to address three hypotheses. Secondary data from Indonesian Capital Market Directory was use to test hypothesis effect agency cost that proxy with Dispersion of Ownership; Institutional Ownership; Free Cash Flow, life cycle of the firm and industries regulation on dividend policy. The number of sample are 31 company as part of 153 manufacturing company in BEI. It pound that agency cost, institusional ownership, free cash flow, life cycle of the firm and industry characteristic simultanously have effcet to dividend policy. As partialy only institusional ownership that not have effect. Meanwile free cash flow is the higest effect to dividend policy. This reserach enrich the fact of empirical study about agency theory, , risk market theory and investment opportunity. Dispersion of Ownership, Free Cash Flow dan Collaterilazable Assets add as proxy agency cost that difference with previous reserach. This reserach offer new information about dividend policy in manufacturer industri in BEI that overall management more concern to minority investor than institutional ownership.