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Every citizen, including mental hospital patients, has the right to legal protection, as they are vulnerable to experiencing acts of violence by medical personnel. This study aims to analyze the legal protection for people with mental health conditions who once experienced acts of violence committed by medical personnel. This study used sociological research methods with a descriptive qualitative research approach. This study used primary and secondary sources of data. The authors collected data through observation and interviews. The data in this research were analyzed and then described as narrative texts. The results showed that people with mental health conditions could obtain legal protection from acts of violence committed by medical personnel if they truly experienced bad treatment. It ensures that people with mental health conditions obtain their rights as citizens to be equally treated before the law. In undergoing their tasks, medical personnel must follow the SOP (Standard Operating Procedures), which includes prioritizing patient safety and comfort to keep patients from rebelling when their illnesses recur.

Globally, biochar research and its application for soil improvement have attracted the interest of many researchers, primarily environmental and soil scientists, in the last decade. But, a limited number of biochar research studies have been conducted in Bangladesh. Therefore, a comprehensive study on biochar research is necessary to find out the scope and opportunities of biochar application in the soils of Bangladesh. Generally, biochar can improve the physical, chemical, and biological properties of soils. It also has a significant role in greenhouse gas emissions. The contaminated soils can also be remediated through the judicious application of biochar. In Bangladesh, biochar application enhanced soil pH, organic matter, phosphorus availability, and agricultural production while decreasing soil acidification, microbial activity, and heavy metals mobility. Besides that, there were both positive and negative findings regarding nitrogen availability, greenhouse gas emissions, and heavy metal accumulation. However, this review includes the selection of feedstock, the advancement of pyrolysis technology, the characterization of biochar, and the agronomic and environmental benefits of biochar use. This paper also reviews biochar study and application activities in Bangladesh over the last decade. Further research directions have been suggested to ensure the beneficial and safe application of biochar to agricultural property.

Tomato production is significant as the demand is increasing in time to meet food security and human nutrition as well. The purpose of the study was to investigate the effect of water and fertilizer application in greenhouse tomato growth index, yield and quality using an intelligent drip system to achieve improved yield by minimizing the fertigation. A randomized block design was used in ten treatments including control (CK-W4N4,K4) consisting four level (W1-65%, W2-75%, W3-85%, W4-100%) each of water field capacity and four-level Urea-Potash (N1,K1-245,490, N2,K2-350,700, N3,K3-455,910, N4,K4-80,100 kg ha-1) combinations. Data obtained were analyzed by a general linear model and developed a regression model for yield. The results showed, the highest tomato yield was 103.16 t ha-1 in T8-W3N2K1 significantly influenced by the treatment, which is found 2% greater compared to the CK (100.92 t ha-1). The highest leaf area index (5.21) was obtained with T7-W3N1K3 produced improved yield. The highest fruit weight (288.77 g fruit-1) and fruit diameter (85.33 mm) obtained with T2-W1N2K2 had no significant influence on tomato yield. The model delivered a paramount prediction (r2 = 0.82) of tomato yield. In conclusion, results showed the intelligent drip system could be used to minimize inputs to improve tomato production.

The aim of this study is to explore the factors which are affecting Muslim consumer's perception towards tax deduction through zakat in Malaysia. A conceptual framework was drawn based on the literature. Six factors were extracted through principal component analysis and SEM was run to test the hypotheses. This research found that halal-haram aspect of Islamic Shariah has a very positive influence on Muslim consumers’ perception towards the tax rebate system. In addition, legal consciousness and knowledge about tax and zakat have a positive significant impact on Muslim consumers’ perceptions towards this system. Due to the limited literature available on this subject matter, this study offers unique findings that may help in capitalizing the practices in Muslim countries and to understand their consumers’ perception regarding the tax deduction system. In conclusion, zakat institutions in Malaysia will also be better benefitted through this research finding. =========================================== Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menggali faktor- faktor yang mempengaruhi persepsi para konsumen muslim terkait dengan pengurangan pajak melalui zakat di Malaysia. Suatu kerangka konseptual telah digambarkan berdasarkan literatur. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa aspek halal- haram dalam Syariah Islami memiliki pengaruh yang sangat positif terhadap persepsi para konsumen muslim terkait dengan sistem pengurangan pajak. Sebagai tambahan, kesadaran hukum dan pengetahuan tentang pajak dan zakat memiliki pengaruh positif yang signifikan pada persepsi konsumen muslim yang terkait dengan sistem ini. Sehubungan dengan terbatasnya literatur yang tersedia terkait dengan masalah ini, penelitian ini menawarkan temuan- temuan yang menarik yang dapat mendukung pengembangan praktik- praktik di negara- negara muslim dan untuk memahami persepsi para konsumennya terkait dengan sistem pengurangan pajak.