Search

Pancasila and Citizenship Education (PCE) are crucial for developing active, critical, and responsible citizens. Critical thinking is a key competency students should acquire through PCE. This study aims to analyse and evaluate the effectiveness of the Project Citizen learning model utilising a Scientific Approach in enhancing students' critical thinking skills. The long-term objective is to provide junior high school teachers with examples of innovative learning models applicable to all subjects and recommend to relevant agencies to implement the Project Citizen model in PCE to boost critical thinking abilities. This research focuses on creating effective learning models and frameworks for instilling character values in schools. Using a quantitative quasi-experimental design, the study's population consists of all Public Junior High School 3 Kendari students, with a sample drawn from two eighth-grade classes. Data collection involved attitude scale questionnaires, observations, and interviews. Statistical methods were used for quantitative data analysis, while qualitative data were analysed descriptively. The analysis included normality tests, homogeneity tests, comparisons of means, and calculations of normalised gains. Hypothesis testing revealed a significant difference in the effectiveness of the Project Citizen model based on the Scientific Approach compared to conventional teaching methods in improving critical thinking skills at Public Junior High School 3 Kendari.

Pemanfaatan dan pengolahan limbah kotoran menjadi pupuk organik bertujuan untuk menghasilkan suatu produk olahan yang memiliki nilai tambah dibandingkan dengan sebelum dilakukan pengolahan. Pengolahan limbah sapi ini dilatarbelakangi dengan kurangnya kesadaran masyarakat Desa Buwek tentang pengolahan limbah sapi dan manfaatnya bagi tanah kering. Alternatif solusi yang dapat dilakukan untuk mengatasi kendala tersebut dengan pemanfaatan dan pemanfaatan limbah sapi pupuk. Tujuan dari program ini adalah dapat memanfaatkan limbah sapi sehingga dapat digunakan sebagai pupuk organik, sebagai media tanam polybag atau pawon urip karena kondisi tanah Desa Buwek termasuk tanah kering dan dapat meningkatkan pendapatan masyarakat Desa Buwek. Metode yang digunakan adalah proses menjelajahi area sasaran yakni Desa Buwek, kemudian dilanjutkan dengan observasi dan wawancara langsung antara kami dari KKN posko 85 Universitas Islam Negeri Kiai Haji Achmad Siddiq Jember dengan masyarakat. Setelah kami melakukan penyuluhan kepada masyarakat bersama Unit Dinas Pertanian Unit Pelaksana Teknis Balai Penyuluhan Pertanian (UPT-BPP) Kecamatan Randuagung, mengatur jadwal penyuluhan, kemudian melakukan penyuluhan tentang pemanfaatan dan pengolahan limbah sapi menjadi pupuk organik. Hasil dari program pemberdayaan masyarakat ini adalah masyarakat Desa Buwek dapat mengembangkan program pembuatan pupuk organik dari limbah pertanian dan memanfaatkan pupuk organik sebagai media tanam untuk membuat pawon urip atau polybag sebagai upaya berkelanjutan dari program pengembangan.

The revival of Islamic religion has formed a new atmosphere for the condition or fate of the children of Arabs. Islam forbids the killing of children through the prohibition of Allah, among others, contained in QS. Al-Isra/17: 31. Besides prohibits killing children, featuring the provisions of Islamic law that shows how important attention to and even how to look after children with a loving since before and after birth. The Qur’anic view of children globally formulated in the principle:"The children do not cause problems and suffering of parents and also vice versa" In the Qur’an, Allah says "Do not be a mother suffering difficulties because of his son and father do not have to suffer because of his son, and likewise heir duty.” Qur'an has serious concern about the child. This is evident from the various terms used in the Qur’an to show the meaning of the child as źurriyah, ibn, walad, sabiy, usbah, gulam, thifl, nasl, rabaib, and ad'iya '. As a review of the limitation, this study will analyze the concept of child in the perspective of the Qur'an (interpretation of thematic studies).

The inheritance law prevailing in indonesia is pluralistic since it consists of customary inheritance law (Adat), civil inheritance law (KUH Perdata), and Islamic inheritance law. This is inseparable from the politic of law performed by Dutch-Indische Government about population classsification in article 131 and 163 Indische Staatsregeling (S.1855-2). The influence of this policy is visible even now because there are some differences in their principles and norms. The difference in principle such as application of “legitieme portie” principle that is exist in civil inheritance law is unheard in Adat law, while the Islamic law has ijbrari principle. Another differences lay in the inheritance elements. In Adat, element of kinship between someone and his/her heir is very important. Civil inheritance law, in other hand, has two ways to determine how the heritage can be passed down, first is arranged in constitution, and second is mentioned in testament letter. Islamic law also has two ways to determine the inheritance right that consist of kinship elements (nasabiyah) and inheritance relations that built by marriage, etc (sababiyah). The consequence of this differences affecting widow’s position as a heir because of its acknowledgement in civil and Islamic law, while Adat doesn’t recognize it. This paper is trying to find a way to integrate this matter with law harmonisation theory and other relevant theories.

The COVID-19 pandemic that has occurred since the beginning of 2019 has changed various aspects of human life. The rapid spread of the virus has restricted human activities, ranging from economic, educational, to socio-religious activities. This situation is a new thing for humans giving rise to various experiences. This study aimed to understand individual psychological experiences, including thoughts, feelings, attitudes, and perceptions in facing the pandemic in various age groups. This research consisted of two stages: the grounded theory survey approach and the phenomenological approach. In the first stage, as many as 447 participants of adolescence and early, middle to late adulthood have filled out an online questionnaire via the google form. The next stage was interviews with 15 participants related to experiences in dealing with the COVID-19 pandemic. The interview results were then analyzed using the Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis method. The results showed that most adolescents described the COVID-19 pandemic as a crisis, while most of the adult group described it with negative emotions. All age groups decided on health as their main concern. Most of the participants considered that there were things to be grateful for during the COVID-19 pandemic. Groups of adolescents and early and middle adults made their family the thing they were most grateful for during the COVID-19 pandemic. Meanwhile, the late adult group placed health as most grateful for. Gratitude was also believed to be a provision for someone to survive and see the positive side of an unpleasant event.

Kompleks Arkeologi Sungai Batu adalah kawasan yang terdiri dari himpunan permukiman dan situs pertukaran yang terletak di Lembah Bujang, yang cukup maju sebagai pusat pemerintahan dari abad ke-2 hingga ke-14 Masehi. Temuan arkeologi di Sungai Batu menunjukkan wilayah tersebut merupakan pemukiman yang secara khusus menjadi pusat penghasil besi, baik terlibat dalam kegiatan penambangan maupun peleburan besi. Penelitian lapangan ini menerapkan metode pengeboran inti di kawasan Kompleks Arkeologi Sungai Batu yang bertujuan untuk memperoleh data primer terkait potensinya sebagai pusat kawasan industri Kerajaan Kedah Tua. Bukti arkeologis terkini mengungkapkan bahwa kawasan ini dahulu sebagai pusat bengkel peleburan besi untuk kerajaan Kedah Tua sejak 788 SM. Analisis pengeboran inti berdasarkan contoh tanah jelas menunjukkan bahwa daerah ini merupakan bagian dari teluk laut purba yang luas sebelum turunnya permukaan air laut. Daerah ini lalu berubah menjadi muara sungai yang memungkinkan berdirinya permukiman. Daerah Kompleks Arkeologi Sungai Batu juga kaya akan kandungan bahan baku seperti bijih besi untuk industri peleburan dan alluvium untuk pembuatan batu bata. Daerah ini kemudian berkembang menjadi kompleks industri yang maju sejak 788 SM. Sungai Batu archaeological complex is a group of various settlements and exchange sites located in the Bujang Valley, which developed as a polity from the 2nd to 14th century AD. The archaeological findings at Sungai Batu suggest the position of the area as a polity or settlement specializing in primary iron production, which involved the activities of iron mining and smelting. Field research involving core drilling methods applied in the area of ​​Sungai Batu Archaeological Complex with the main purpose of obtaining primary data related to its potential as a major industrial area of ​​Kedah Tua Kingdom. This is because current archaeological evidence reveals that this area has been used as a major and advanced iron smelting workshop for the Kedah Tua kingdom since 788 BC. Analysis of core drilling (soil samples) clearly shows that this area represented the part of a large ancient marine bay before the sea level decreased. It was changed to become a river estuary allowing settlements to be established. Sungai Batu Archaeological Complex also exposed many raw materials such as iron ore for the smelting industry and alluvium for making a brick. It has developed into a flourishing industrial complex since 788 BC.

The present study aims to investigate the implementation of halal as a competitive distinction for Islamic higher education in preparing the Muslim millennials at the State Islamic Institutes. This research employed both quantitative and qualitative (mixed method) by administering questionnaires to final semester students and conducting interviews with the campus program planners. The data were descriptively analyzed by using statistical computation before being interpreted. The finding showed that 72,9% of the students had studied halal concept, 83,3% of them had known halal products from MUI labels, and 45,8% of them understood the maqasid shariah. The results of interviews revealed that the institution is continuing to prepare the establishment of halal study center by collaborating with other institutions.

Hakim dalam menjalankan tugas dan fungsinya wajib menjaga kemandirian peradilan, bebas dari campur tangan pihak manapun, tidak diskriminasi dalam menangani suatu perkara. Disamping itu Hakim wajib menggali, mengikuti dan memahami nilai-nilai hukum dan rasa keadilan yang hidup dalam masyarakat, agar putusannya sesuai dengan hukum dan rasa keadilan masyarakat. Untuk itu ia harus senantiasa menaati dan menjunjung tinggi kode etik dan pedoman perilaku hakim sebagaimana yang diamanatkan oleh Peraturan Perundangundangan, disamping itu ia harus piawai dan mampu melakukan ijtihad dalam penerapan hukum yang mengarah pada ketetapan dan penerapan hukum material pada kasus dan perkara misalnya di Pengadilan Agama. Kemampuan berijtihad seorang hakim dalam perkara tertentu bisa saja tidak harus sepenuhnya mengikuti ketentuan dalam pasal Undang-undang, tetapi bisa saja mengesampingkannya demi memperoleh keadilan yang substansial melalui penerapan konsep Contra Legem, namun demikian dalam penggunaan konsep ini mesti dengan pertimbangan-pertimbangan yang lengkap sesuai dengan teoriteori dalam metodologi hukum Islam. Untuk itu dalam bahasan ini fokus kajiannya adalah metode dan teori apa saja yang menjadi dasar pertimbangan hakim dalam penerapan konsep Contra Legem, dan akibat hukum seperti apa yang ditimbulkan dari akibat diterapkannya konsep tersebut. Dalam kajian yang menggunakan pendekatan Undang-undang dan pendekatan kasus ini didapatkan kesimpulan bahwa dasar pertimbangan hakim dalam penerapan konsep Contra Legem adalah kemaslahatan yang sesuai dengan tujuan penetapan hukum dengan menerapkan teori antara lain teori istihsan dengan segala bentuknya dan teori maslahah, lemudian dengan dasar ini akan didapat kepastian hukum dan keputusan yang adil dan maslahat bagi para pencari keadilan meskipun dengan mengabaikan sementara bunyi teks Peraturan Perundang-undangan, disamping itu dengan tindakan contra legem ini juga bisa memberi peluang bagi hakim untuk memberlakukan syariat Islam yang merupakan nilai-nilai hukum yang hidup di masyarakat Muslim. Dari kesimpulan kajian ini disarankan agar para hakim benar-benar independen, inovatif, peka dan tanggap akan dinamika kehidupan masyarakat pencari keadilan. Ijtihad Hakim, Contra Legem.

Bacterial leaf blight (BLB) is one of major threats in rice production as it can cause 100% yield loss. Concern on the environment and human health has led an attempt to replace existing methods of chemical control and avoid extensive use of bactericides by using endophytic bacteria. The present study was conducted to screen and characterize bacteria isolated from different sources that has potential as antagonistic bacteria against Xanthomonas oryzaepv. oryzae (Xoo), the causal agent of bacterial leaf blight of paddy. Two hundred and thirty-three endophytic bacteria were successfully isolated from roots and leaves from paddy field. Only 17 endophytic bacterial isolates showed positive antagonistic activity indicated by inhibition zone around bacterial colony against Xoo on nutrient agar plate with 2 endophytic isolates (BCA 3 and BCA 12) showed highest inhibitory effect with 35±0.00 mm in diameter. Molecular identification by 16S rRNA amplification successfully identified the antagonistic endophytic bacteria as Pseudomonas fluorescensand Geobacillus thermoparaffinivorans. Findings in this study revealed the biocontrol abilities of isolated endophytes as an excellent option to be used by agriculture sectors to have sustainable environment.

Radicalism in Islam is part of a socio-religious phenomenon that cannot be separated from many aspects. Besides economic and political interests, Radicalism in Islam can also be seen from the legal and ideological aspects. The law forms ideology, and the culmination of it is extremist action, including terrorism. Suicide bombings in Surabaya (2018) are part of the chain of extremist action and terrorism. Understanding bombing cases like in Surabaya, is not enough to be seen from the outward aspects only but also the basic foundation for forming the awareness of the perpetrators. This paper uses the theory of social action from Pierre F. Bourdieu, to read how values are internalized into oneself and then externalized into suicides, as well as to map the domains and capital owned. This socio-political research proves that acts of terror, including suicide bombings, are actualizations of complex ideological symbolism. Therefore, terrorism is part of space competition, both the space for religious interpretation, the physical space for action, and the human space for image and evaluation. The justification of terrorism is supported by a set of legal and theological arguments, as well as terrorism action also have legal and theological tools

Since the Dutch Government has divided the Dutch East Indies into three groups, namely the European and the ecquivalent to European, the Indigenous and the Far Eastern groups, since then the Civil Law applies to different classes. In the field of marriage, for example, each group has its own marital law. So the law of marriage prevailing in society is pluralistic. As a result, the gap between the legal system can not be avoided. The Marriage Act was born as an attempt to minimize the legal gap, but in reality, even though it has been in force for about three decades of legal gap in the field of marriage, there are still many of them being minors. This paper aims to explain why there is still a gap between the provisions of the underage marriage in Fikih Munakahat and the UUP and offer resolution resolution using LM's legal system theory. Friedman, an alternative policy introduced by Soetandyo Wignjosoebroto and the law of harmonization introduced by L.M. Gandhi.

This article explains the fundamental differences of national law development based on Act No. 25/2004 about National Development Planning System.In the period before the birth of Act No. 25 /2004, political interests at that time mistakenly putting the function of law as a tool of social engineering. Law simply used as legitimacy by policy makers, the emphasis tends to the law development in both the normative and empirical level and placement by per field and sector in Guidelines of State Policy, whereas in Act No. 25 2004, law development more oriented towards regulative framework (normative) and the placement does not sectorally / per field.

The enhancement of education quality is a complicated effort related to various things such as the formulation of a basic concept of education that can be implemented into the concept of Islamic education management, oriented to the prophet’s education. The purpose is to result in Islamic young generations who are fear to God, independent and compatative. For this puprpose, we need an effective school management, technical competence of education manager, enhancement of basic skills of teachers, leadership and supervision as a management service and accountability in education. Kata Kunci: Kualitas pendidikan, manajemen pendidikan Islam, kepemimpinan, supervisi