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This study aims to produce chatbot scaffolding media with a PjBL model in e-lematika to improve student learning outcomes in class VIII Cartesian cooordinat material that is appropriate for use in the learning process. This research is a development research using the ADDIE model which consist of 5 stages, namely analyze, design, development, implementation and evaluation. There are three criteria used to measure the quality of chatbot scaffolding media, namely 10 valid, the validity of the media is obtained from validation tests by material experts and design experts. 2) practical, the practicality of the media is obtained from the teacher’s practicality questionnaire and student practicality questionaire and 3) effective, the effectiveness of the media is obtained from the student response questionnaire and student learning achievement tests. The result of this study indicate that: 1) the result of the percentage validity of material experts are 96.36% (very valid). and design experts are 86.66% (valid); 2) the percentage of practicality by educators is 72.50% (practical) and by students 75.05% (practical); 3) the percentage of the effectiveness seen form the student response questionnaire 75.09% (effective) and the persentageof the completeness of student learning outcomes is 81.25% (very good).

Sentra UMKM kerajinan sasirangan di Kabupaten Banjar satu di antaranya terletak di Kampung Sasirangan Kecamatan Kertak Hanyar. Permasalahan yang perlu diselesaikan adalah belum tersedianya sign system di lokasi UMKM. Tujuan dirancangnya sign system yaitu memberikan informasi visual kepada pengunjung tentang lokasi-lokasi pengrajin dan penjualan kain sasirangan di Kecamatan Kertak Hanyar. Metode kegiatan pengabdian dilakukan melalui 3 tahap, yaitu pra kegiatan dengan melakukan observasi kepada para pengusaha UMKM dan koordinasi kepada pejabat pemerintahan setempat, tahap pelaksanaan kegiatan meliputi pemasangan sign system di lokasi yang telah ditentukan oleh tim pengabdian bersama kelompok paguyuban pengrajin kain sasirangan dan perwakilan aparat lingkungan setempat, dan pasca kegiatan meliputi evaluasi kegiatan. Hasil kegiatan pengabdian ini adalah dipasangnya sign system di tempat pengusaha UMKM kain sasirangan. Para pengusaha UMKM merasa sangat terbantu dengan adanya sign system, karena selain berfungsi sebagai penunjuk arah, sign system juga berfungsi sebagai identitas visual usaha mereka. Diharapkan dengan adanya sign system tempat usaha mereka semakin dikenal oleh masyarakat.

Failure to give exclusive breastfeeding to infants can be caused by factors in the mother's condition such as the mother's confidence or self-efficacy to provide breast milk to her baby. Most primipara mothers have low self-efficacy due to difficulties going through a role transition period and carrying out the demands of their new role as mothers. Kangaroo mother care is a method of skin-to-skin contact between mother and baby (skin-to-skin contact). In kangaroo method care, breast milk can always be available and very easy to obtain, because the baby is near the mother's breast so that the baby can suckle whenever the baby wants it and also increases the mother's bonding so that it can increase the mother's self-efficacy thereby increasing the success of the breastfeeding process. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of kangaroo mother care on breastfeeding self-efficacy in primiparous mothers at RSU Royal Prima Medan in 2022. This type of research is a quasy experiment using a posttest only control group design. The results of the Independent T-Test test obtained a p-value of 0.000 which is less than 0.05 (0.000 Key words: Kangaroo Mother Care, ASI, Self Efficacy, Breastfeeding

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of (PMT-P) on the nutritional status of children under five in the working area of ​​the Gunungkencana Health Center in 2022. The method used in the study was quassy experimental with a pre post test without control design and the research was carried out in November 2022. The population used was were toddlers with malnutrition, namely (BB/TB

The infant mortality rate (IMR) is an indicator of the welfare of a nation that reflects the level of public health problems. Based on the IDHS in 2007, in Indonesia the IMR reached 34/1000 and decreased in 2017 to 32/1000, and around 56% of infant deaths occurred in the neonatal period. This study aims to determine the differences in the rooting-sucking response in newborns using a combination of low birth weight massage and the Kangaroo Mother Care method with the Kangaroo Mother Care method only. This type of research is experimental. The research design is a quasi-experimental research design with pre-test and post-test control group design. This research was conducted at Dr Hospital R. M Djoelham in November 2021. The subjects of this study were 40 Low Birth Weight neonatus consisting of 20 intervention groups and 20 control groups. sampling strategy that uses total sampling, the number of samples can be as many as 40 samples. The data collection instrument was a stopwatch and an observation sheet for the rooting-sucking reflex. The data were analyzed using Mann Whiteney and Wilcoxon. There was a significant difference between the combination treatment of Low Birth Weight, massage and the Kangaroo Mother Care method method with the Kangaroo Mother Care method alone.

Stunting is the growth and development of a child's height that is not the same as his age caused by malnutrition and lack of parental knowledge. The purpose of the study was to determine the effectiveness of counseling on maternal knowledge and attitudes in preventing stunting at the Bawomataluo Public Health Center in South Nias in 2021. The research method is a quasi-experimental design with one group pretest-posttest and a control group. The number of samples was 30 pregnant women, 15 intervention groups and 15 control groups. Methods of collecting data using a questionnaire with the Wilcoxon test. The results of statistical tests obtained knowledge and attitudes p value 0.001 (p

Profitabilitas merupakan tujuan utama setiap lembaga keuangan, ketika profitabiltas bank tersebut meningkat maka semakin baik kondisi bank tersebut dalam menjalankan operasionalnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh tingkat likuidtas dan permodalan terhadap tingkat profitabilitas Bank Muamalat periode 2015-2022. Jenis penelitian ini penelitian kuantitatif dengan data skunder, data diambil dari laporan keuangan Bank Muamalat periode triwulan dari maret 2015-september 2022 sebanyak 31 laporan keuangan triwulan Bank Muamalat. Hasil penelitian membuktikan adanya pengaruh yang positif signifikan dari FDR dan CAR terhadap tingkat profitabilitas dengan kontribusi sebesar 57,8% sedangkan sisanya 53,2% dipengaruhi oleh variabel lain diluar model. Temuan ini meyakinkan calon investor dan pengambil kebijakan akan pentingnya tingkat profitabilitas dengan menjaga tingkat likuiditas dan permodalan agar terhindar dari resiko.

The low coverage of exclusive breastfeeding shows that not many mothers have succeeded in giving exclusive breastfeeding because the majority of working mothers. Work is not an obstacle for a mother to give milk to the baby. Therefore, working mothers need to be taught how to express milk, how to give milk and how to store breast milk. Health education is organized to increase the knowledge, awareness, willingness, and ability of working mothers to keep breastfeeding babies. Knowledge of breast milk storage techniques will support the success of exclusive breastfeeding for optimal child growth and development. Solution In accordance with the problem In order for the working mother to continue to give ASI, namely Lactation Management through health education, is held to increase the knowledge, awareness, willingness, and ability of the working mother to continue breastfeeding the baby. The long-term goal to be achieved in research is to identify and analyze the Effects of Counseling with Group Discussion Methods on Knowledge of Breast Milk Storage Techniques in Working Mothers. Specific targets to be achieved so that every health worker working in a health facility applies Counseling to working mothers about breastfeeding storage techniques so that exclusive breastfeeding can be achieved. Stages of Research Methods to be conducted using the Quasy Experiment design, with the target of working mothers who have babies 0-24 month given Counseling. Data collection methods with questionnaires and interviews. Data analysis method uses dependent t-test. Where in the paired groups, the same subjects were examined before and after the intervention (designs before and after). The results of the study through the Knowledge Questionnaire about ASI Storage Technique obtained P-value 0,000. It can be concluded that there is an effect of counseling with the Group Discussion Method on the ASI Storage Technique in Working Mothers.

The controversy over the Lotus Birth method for general application is still being debated, but the consensus to delay cord clamping and cutting has been agreed and agreed by WHO that the umbilical cord is clamped after stopping to beat to allow increased blood flow to the baby to prevent anemia. The objective of the research was to find effectiveness of the lotus birth method for the incidence of anemia in infants. The research is done by using quasy experiment with sample infants born spontaneously, having 38-40 weeks of pregnancy and without complications using the lotus birth method (15 people) and the control group not using the lotus birth method (15 people). Analysis method of data uses independent t-test. The result of the research showed no Effectiveness of the lotus birth method for the incidence of iron deficiency anemia in infants at the Klinik Pratama Sejahtera (p=0, 865). The conclusion in this study is no Effectiveness of the lotus birth method for the incidence of iron deficiency anemia in infants at the Klinik Pratama Sejahtera. It is expected that pregnant women should prepare themselves in the face of childbirth by increasing knowledge about how to maintain health and care for babies to avoid the occurrence of iron deficiency anemia.

ABSTRACT The rate of stroke incidence is about 200 per 100,000 people throughout the world. In Indonesia, 500,000 people suffer from stroke each year and 125,000 people. Effective family support is expected to be able to help the elderly to be treated their hypertension optimally in order to reduce the incidence of stroke. The objective of the research was to find out the correlation of the characteristics and support from the elderly family with the incidence of stroke in the elderly who suffered from hypertension at RSUP Haji Adam Malik, Medan. The research is done by using cross sectional approach of 147 samples taken by using consecutive sampling. Independent variables were the characteristics (age, sex, ethnicity, education, occupation, and marital status) and dependent variable was stroke in the elderly who suffer from hypertension. The data were gathered by using primary and secondary and analyzed by using univatriate, bivatriate (chi square test), and multivatriate with multiple logistic regression analysis at α = 0.05. The result of the research showed the variables which were correlated with the incidence of stroke were age (p=0.025), sex (p=0.011), emotional support (p (p=0,001). It is recommended that the hospital management increase health service and family support for the elderly in order that the elderly with hypertension can be prevented from stroke. Keywords: Characteristics, Support from the Elderly Families, Stroke in the Elderly with Hypertension

Copyright of Qardhul Hasan: Media Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat is the property of Universitas Djuanda and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Jurnal Akunida is the property of Universitas Djuanda and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Qardhul Hasan: Media Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat is the property of Universitas Djuanda and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In general, competition is fair, if done honestly, but the competition is not always conducted honestly. It can be seen from the number of cases that decided by the Commission Business Competition Supervision (KPPU) on fraudulent acts committed by company. One of fraudulent acts is Cartel. Cartels are agreements made by businesses to other businesses in similar production to influence prices and production process. The cartel actions usually choose products that have strategic value, such as soy. Soybean is the basic ingredient that can be processed into a variety of food and beverage. But lately soybean prices are very high and causing consumer suffers losses. Skyrocketing soybean prices in the market, causing losses to consumers that can held responsibility under the law to the company, administrative and criminal sanctions. Today, soybean production are indicated the soy cartel. To avoid such allegations, in the production of soybean company must be obey on Law Number 5 Year 1999 on Prohibited Monopoly Practices and Unfair Competition. The law prohibited cartel action by company that set in Article 11. But cartel arrangement was deemed less clear and incomplete, because it does not provide clear and unequivocal definition of cartel and cartel types. So to avoid the vagueness of norms, government in formulating the law must be carefully and able to provide legal protection to consumers so that can prevent the arbitrary actions by company. Keywords: Cartel, Soybean, and Unfair Business Competition.

Teknologi membran termasuk kedalam clean technology yang sedang dikembangkan saat ini. Membran kitosan dapat diaplikasikan untuk pengolahan limbah industri tekstil. Kombinasi kitosan dengan PVA bertujuan untuk meningkatkan sifat mekanik membran yang dapat dikaji berdasarkan sifat daya serap air dan daya hantar ion membran. Ikatan polimer membran kitosan/PVA tidak terbentuk dengan baik sehingga membuat PVA larut dalam NaOH pada proses pelepasan membran dari cetakan kaca. Sintesis membran dilakukan dengan melarutkan kitosan/PVA dengan variasi komposisi kitosan/PVA (m/m) diantaranya 1:3; 1:1; 3:1. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan analisis water uptake, swelling degree, dan IEC memiliki kecenderungan semakin tinggi dengan adanya peningkatan kadar kitosan dan penurunan kadar PVA. Analisis water uptake dan swelling degree tertinggi dicapai pada komposisi kitosan/PVA 3:1 dengan nilai 9,5% dan 0,36%. Analisis IEC tertinggi dicapai pada nilai 1,25 meq pada komposisi kitosan/PVA 3:1.

Direct cash assistance is a governmental or social institution intervention that provides financial aid directly to individuals or families in need. To streamline this process, a system is necessary to convert data into predictive information regarding eligibility for direct cash assistance. This research utilizes the C4.5 algorithm and the K-Nearest Neighbor algorithm for predicting eligibility based on factors such as housing status, employment, income, and eligibility status. Using the C4.5 algorithm, Microsoft Excel calculations identified 238 individuals as eligible and predicted 62 as ineligible who were eligible, out of a total of 300 recipients. The accuracy rate from RapidMiner calculations was 93.00%. Regarding the K-Nearest Neighbor method, Microsoft Excel calculations identified 226 eligible and 74 ineligible recipients out of 300. RapidMiner analysis showed an accuracy rate of 76.55% for the 226 eligible recipients and 98.23% for the 74 ineligible recipients.

The learning process communication deficiency is caused by the tendency to use media that still needs to be more effective. Learning media, such as booklets, supports the achievement of learning objectives. Experimental research with a nonequivalent control group design aims to determine the effectiveness of booklets on geography learning outcomes. Learning media booklet material for atmospheric layers is effectively used to improve the learning outcomes of class X students at SMAN 1 Alalak. Using booklet media for atmospheric layer material is effective, while conventional books could be more effective. So, it can be concluded that using booklets effectively improves the learning outcomes of class X students at SMAN 1 Alalak, Barito Kuala Regency. The results of this study may have implications for the increasing variety of innovative learning media to support the learning process in schools, especially high schools, which require atmospheric material booklets.

Cotton plants belong to the family Malvaceae with the genus Gossypium. The genus Gossypium is very large containing 50 species. Balittas Malang has a collection of cotton germplasm, about 662 accessions consisting of 642 accessions of G. hirsutum, 14 accessions of G. barbadense, 3 accessions of G. arboreum, and 3 accessions of G. herbaceum. In addition to its ability as a producer of fiber, its seeds can also be utilized as a source of oil and is a secondary production. The purpose of this study was to measure and estimate the genetic diversity of cotton germplasm based on the character of superior quality and quantity of cotton seed oil from several cotton plant genotypes and determine which cotton plants have good quality and quantity of cotton seed oil which is subsequently used as breeding sources & national cotton development elders. To achieve this goal, the experiment was conducted with the experimental method Randomized Block Design (RBD) consisting of 2 replications, 22 germplasm accessions as treatment, and 5 samples in each genotype. The observational parameters are the parameters of oil content quality, oil boiling point, oleic content, and linoleic content. Then the cluster analysis shows that there are 3 cluster analysis groups. Extensive genetic diversity will be beneficial in developing better quality and quantity of cottonseed oil, namely in accession of CRISS-665, CRISS-667, and KANESIA-14 which contribute more than accession of other cotton germplasm to the maximum value of quantity and quality parameters cotton seed oil.

Menguasai sains dan teknologi adalah kunci penting untuk menghadapi tantangan masa depan. Pendidikan sains memainkan peran penting dalam mempersiapkan siswa yang dapat berpikir kritis, kreatif, logis, dan mengambil inisiatif dalam memecahkan masalah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan lembar kerja siswa berbasis masalah pada topik ikatan kimia. Pada penelitian ini digunakan metode penelitian Research and Development (R&D) dengan model pengembangan 4-D yaitu terdiri dari tahap define, design, develop and disseminate. Instrumen pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah lembar validasi dan angket praktikalitas. Lembar kerja yang dikembangkan divalidasi oleh enam orang ahli dan uji praktikalitas oleh 25 orang siswa SMA Negeri 1 Batang Kapas, Pesisir Selatan. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan menggunakan Cohen’s Kappa Formula. Uji validitas menyatakan lembar kerja siswa yang dikembangkan memiliki kategori validitas yang sangat tinggi. Uji praktikalitas siswa tentang lembar kerja siswa yang dikembangkan menunjukkan kategori yang sangat tinggi dan uji praktikalias guru memperoleh kategori kepraktisan yang sangat tinggi. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa lembar kerja pembelajaran berbasis masalah pada topik ikatan kimia adalah valid dan dapat digunakan dalam kegiatan pembelajaran. Temuan ini juga menunjukkan bahwa lembar kerja siswa yang dikembangkan dapat meningkatkan minat siswa untuk belajar dan dapat membantu siswa untuk belajar secara mandiri.

Penelitian ini bertujuan memetakan suatu gambaran pemanfaatan kelas sebagai episentrum pembelajaran secara maksimal melalui penguatan manajemen kelas. Disain penelitian ini menggunakan case study research. Penelitian ini mengkaji fenomena dan fakta pembelajaran di kelas melalui observasi partisipan, wawancara mendalam dan studi dokumentasi serta angket respon siswa terhadap aktivitas belajar mengajar yang dilakukan guru dan siswa di SD Panca Setya 2 Sintang, Kalimantan Barat. Data divalidasi dengan triangulasi sumber dan teknik kemudian dianalisis dan ditarik kesimpulan secara induktif. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa kelas dan pembelajaran belum sepenuhnya menjadi pusat atau episentrum pembelajaran yang kuat meskipun pada aspek perencanaan, pengorganisasian, implementasi dan evaluasi belajar yang dilakukan guru sudah cukup baik. Respon siswa menunjukkan bahwa pada keempat aspek tersebut belum berjalan secara ideal sesuai harapan siswa kerena kelas belum sepenuhnya dikelola secara maksimal. Solusi mengatasi persoalan ini bisa dilakukan dengan menerapkan manajemen hexagonal yang memiliki enam kekuatan sentral yakni karakteristik siswa, sikap guru, infrastruktur kelas, infrastruktur teknologi, dukungan sekolah, dukungan yayasan atau dinas pendidikan. Bila pembelajaran di kelas mengintegrasikan peran sentral keenam aspek manajemen hexagonal maka kelas akan sungguh-sungguh menjadi pusat gravitasi pembelajaran efektif, produktif dan bermakna. Kata kunci: managemen kelas, episentrum pembelajaran, management hexagonal CLASS HEXAGONAL MANAGEMENT IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL LEARNING Abstract This study aims to map a picture of class use as the epicenter of learning and strengthening classroom management. This research design uses a case study research. This study explores the phenomena and facts of learning in the classroom at Panca Setya 2 Elementary School, in Sintang of West Kalimantan. The data collecting by participant observation, in-depth interviews and documentation studies as well as student response questionnaires to teaching and learning activities carried out by teachers and students. Data is validated by source triangulation and techniques then analyzed and drawn inductively. The results of the research show that class and learning have not yet fully become the center or strong epicenter of learning even though the aspects of planning, organizing, implementing and evaluating the learning done by the teacher are good enough. Students' responses show that the four aspects have not run ideally according to student expectations because the class has not been fully managed maximally. The solution to overcome this problem can be done by implementing hexagonal learning management because it is believed to be able to turn on six key aspects of learning so that the class truly becomes the center of effective and optimal learning gravity. Keywords: class management, learning epicenter, hexagonal management

This study aims to determine character independence building of senior high school students through the activities of OSIS in SMA Negeri 42 Jakarta. SMA Negeri 42 Jakarta is one of the schools that implements character education, especially the character of independence. The research method used is qualitative. The data was conducted by observation, documentation, and interviews to informants and key informant in SMA Negeri 42 Jakarta. The Interview conducted to the board of OSIS by using purposive sampling method. And by adding two key informant that is coach and student council Vice Head of Student Affairs. After that it is equipped by expert opinion. The results showed that the activities performed by OSIS SMA Negeri 42 Jakarta in shaping the character of OSIS management included viewing, speaking and listening activities, writing activities, moving activities, mental activities, and soul movement activities. Implementation of character-based self-reliant education conducted on board of OSIS includes the guidance of independence from the aspect of emotional independence, independence, economy, intellectual independence, and social independence. These activities are reflected by planning, implementing and evaluating each activity fairly well and upholding the spirit of mutual cooperation

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan kemampuan kepala TK dalam: (1) mengarahkan guru dan staf, (2) membuat keputusan penting (3) memberikan pendelegasian tugas dan, (4) membangun hubungan kerja sama secara internal dan eksternal. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan jenis studi kasus pada tiga sekolah TK Kanisius Yogyakarta. Subjek penelitian yaitu kepala sekolah, guru, orang tua siswa (komite sekolah). Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik observasi dan wawancara. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah model analisis interaktif Milles & Huberman untuk mendeskripsikan dan menganalisis empat aspek kepemimpinan yang dijalankan pada ketiga sekolah tersebut. Penelitian ini menemukan pelaksanaan kepemimpinan kepala TK Kanisius: (1) pengarahan dilakukan secara langsung dan tidak langsung melalui rapat, diskusi dan morning briefing mengenai tugas pokok, tugas khusus dan tugas penunjang, (2) proses pengambilan keputusan melalui musyawarah dengan koordinasi pihak yayasan (3) pendelegasian tugas pokok, tugas khusus dan tugas penunjang yang didasarkan pada kemampuan bawahan, durasi waktu, jenis tugas dan target pencapaian, (4) kerja sama internal dan eksternal dibangun melalui team dan mitra bersama komite sekolah yang digerakan atau disponsori oleh team orang tua. Berdasarkan temuan tersebut maka perilaku kepemimpinan kepala TK Kanisus Demangan Baru berorientasi pada perilaku supportif, perilaku kepemimpinan kepala TK Kanisius Kotabaru berorientasi pada perilaku direktif dan perilaku kepemimpinan kepala TK Kanisius Wirobrajan berorientasi pada perilaku partisipatif. Dari temuan perilaku kepemimpinan tersebut maka model kepemimpian yang diperankan ketiga kepala TK Kanisus cenderung menunjukan model kepemimpinan instruksional. Kata kunci: kepemimpinan kepala TK, perilaku kepemimpinan dan model kepemimpinan PRINCIPALS’ LEADERSHIP IN CANISIUS KINDERGARTENS YOGYAKARTA Abstract This research aims to describe the ability of the head of kindergarten in: (1) directing teachers and staff, (2) making important decisions (3) provide the delegation of tasks and, (4) establish working relationships both internally and externally. This study uses a qualitative approach with case studies on three kindergarten Canisius Yogyakarta. The research subject is the principal, teachers, parents students (school committee). Data collection technique used observation and interview techniques. Analysis of the data used is an interactive model Milles & Huberman to describe and analyze four aspects of leadership that run on all three schools. This study found the implementation of leadership in TK Canisius: (1) directly or indirectly through meetings, discussions, and briefings on main tasks, special tasks and supporting duties, (2) decision making process in compliace the board of foundation (3) task delegation that suits on the capacity of each subordinates, project timeline and target,(4) internal and external cooperation built through fundamental activities, special activities and support activities as well as maintaining relationships both personally and socially. Based on these findings, the behavior of the leadership of the head of Kanisus Demangan Baru kindergarten oriented supportive behavior, the behavior of the leadership of the head of Canisius Kotabaru kindergarten oriented directive behavior and leadership behavior Canisius head Wirobrajan kindergarten oriented participative behavior. From the findings of the leadership behavior of the model of leadership, played three head of Canisus kindergartens more trend on instructional leadership model. Keywords: kindergarten leadership, leadership behaviors and leadership models

In general, the competition was fair, if done honestly but the competition was not always done honestly. The fraudulent acts one of which was the cartel. Cartels were agreements made by businesses to other businesses in similar production to influence prices and production process. The cartel action usually choose products that have strategic value, as well as production of meat and soy. In the production of strategic community such as meat and soy currently were alleged (indication) the occurence of a cartel. To avoid these allegations, to marketing, production businesses must leave the Antimonopoly Law No.5/1999. Where in the legislation there was a ban on cartel action by businesses that contained in Article 11 of the law. However, the setting of the cartel was still considered less clear and complete, because it does not provide clear and unequivocal definition of the cartel as well as the type of the cartel. To avoid the vagueness of the norm government in formulating laws and should be careful and able to provide legal protection of a clear and unequivocal to the consumer to prevent arbitrary actions of businesses.

Abstrak: Martapura sebagai kota yang banyak terdapat pemukiman mempunyai kerentanan kebakaran yang cukup tinggi, dilihat dari variabel kepadatan, pola bangunan, kualitas bahan bangunan, lebar jalan, dan kualitas jalan. Daerah pusat kota, memiliki kepadatan tinggi, dengan pola bangunan tidak teratur sehingga daerah tersebut rawan kebakaran. Varibel kepadatan dan kualitas bangunan paling berpengaruh pada kerawanan kebakaran di Martapura. Sedangkan variabel jalan dan kualitas jalan berperan dalam kelancaran penanguulangan bahaya kebakaran di Martapura. Penyajian data daerah rawan kebakaran ini disajikan dalam Sistem Informasi Geografis (SIG).

Abstrak: Telah dibuat sensor kecepatan angin dengan memanfaatkan perbedaan suhu sebagai langkah awal pemanfaatan tenaga angin sebagai pembangkit listrik dalam penentuan potensi angin di Desa Sungai Riam, dimana perbedaan suhu udara yang besar menunjukkan harga kecepatan angin yang rendah, dan sebaliknya perbedaan suhu udara yang kecil menunjukkan kecepatan angin yang tinggi. Hal ini diketahui berdasarkan selisih nilai tegangan keluaran yang dihasilkan dua sensor suhu LM-35, selisih nilai tegangan dikuatkan dengan konfigurasi penguat differensial. Berdasarkan pengambilan data yang dilakukan, besar kecepatan angin di Desa Sungai Riam Kecamatan Pelaihari Kabupaten Tanah Laut Kalimantan Selatan pada pukul 08.15-10.30 WITA berkisar antara 3,10-3,51 m/s.

This research was aimed to determine the effect of education and training, supervision, and pedagogic competence of the commitment of teacher profession. This quantitative research using a survey methods and techniques of path analysis. The population was in junior high school teacher Sarolangun by the number of samples 247 respondents selected by proportional sampling The results of data analysis showed that (1) the education and training of a positive direct impact against teachers' commitment of to the profession, (2) the supervision of a positive direct impact against the commitment of the teacher profession, (3) pedagogic competence positive direct impact against the commitment of the teacher profession, (4) education and training direct positif effect against pedagogical, (5) supervision of the principal positive direct impact against pedagogic competencies. There is should be an effort to improve education and training based on the needs of teachers and pro-actively supervise principals in improving the profession of commitment. Kata kunci: pendidikan dan latihan, supervisi, kompetensi paedagogik, komitmen profesi guru

Bacterial leaf blight caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae is one of the major problems in rice production in Indonesia. One of the control measures for the disease is by the utilization of endophytic bacteria. This study was aimed to determine the ability of endophytic bacteria isolated from the roots, stems and leaves of rice in inducing plant resistance to bacterial leaf blight on rice. Screening of endophytic bacteria showed that 370 isolates have good viability and have different colony morphology. Among them, 7 isolates were able to induce resistance and 1 isolate was able to promote the growth of rice in the nursery. However, only 8 isolates did not cause hypersensitive reaction on tobacco plants. The selected isolates of endophytic bacteria were further examined for their ability to induce resistance of rice in greenhouse experiments. Observation involved several variables, i.e. PR1 and PBZ1 gene expression, peroxidase enzyme activity, incubation period, and disease progression. Seven isolates of endophytic bacteria were able to induce PR1 and PBZ1 gene expression, 4 isolates were able to increase peroxide enzyme activity, 4 isolates could prolong the incubation period, and 2 isolates can inhibit the development of disease. However, only EB4 451 isolate was consistently able to induce PR1 and PBZ1 gene expression, increased peroxide enzyme activity, prolonged incubation period, and suppressed the progression of the disease. The EB4 451 isolate was identified based on nucleotide sequence as Bacillus subtilis.

Abstrak: Telah dibuat sensor kecepatan angin dengan memanfaatkan perbedaan suhu sebagai langkah awal pemanfaatan tenaga angin sebagai pembangkit listrik dalam penentuan potensi angin di Desa Sungai Riam, dimana perbedaan suhu udara yang besar menunjukkan harga kecepatan angin yang rendah, dan sebaliknya perbedaan suhu udara yang kecil menunjukkan kecepatan angin yang tinggi. Hal ini diketahui berdasarkan selisih nilai tegangan keluaran yang dihasilkan dua sensor suhu LM-35, selisih nilai tegangan dikuatkan dengan konfigurasi penguat differensial. Berdasarkan pengambilan data yang dilakukan, besar kecepatan angin di Desa Sungai Riam Kecamatan Pelaihari Kabupaten Tanah Laut Kalimantan Selatan pada pukul 08.15-10.30 WITA berkisar antara 3,10-3,51 m/s.