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This study aims to analyze the application of the cooperative learning model of the Student Team Achivment Division type in improving the learning outcomes of elementary school students and to find out the difference in the increase in learning outcomes obtained by students when using the Cooperative learning model of the Student Team Achivment Division type. The difference in the improvement of learning outcomes obtained from 10 relevant journals was caused by the subjects selected by different researchers such as different research sites, different abilities possessed by each selected subject, and different years of research. This type of research is quantitative research using the meta-analysis method. The research begins with formulating research, looking for relevant journals available in electronic media. Based on the analysis of the cooperative learning model, the Student Team Achivment Division type can improve student learning outcomes by an average of 78.59 from the previous 53.53. Based on this research, the application of the cooperative learning model type Student Team Achivment Division can be used as a suggestion to be applied in elementary schools.

This research aims to describe and analyze students' errors in solving the problem on the matter of fractional counting operations. The type of research used is descriptive explorative research with mixed methods. The population of this research is the students of grade V SDN Pengawu with the number of research subjects of 35 students. The results obtained that the concept error on fractional counting operations amounted to 53.86%, principal errors of 41.22%, and error calculation of 4.92%. For fractional addition operations, concept errors of 80.70%, principal errors of 13.16%, and calculation errors of 6.15%. For reduction operations, concept errors of 44.53%, principal errors of 49.92%, and calculation errors of 6.25%. For multiplication operations, concept errors are 50.00%, principal errors of 45.59%, and calculation errors of 4.42%. For fractional division operations, concept errors of 40.17%, principal errors of 57.26%, and calculation errors of 2.57%. Keywords: analysis of errors, concepts, principles, calculations, fractional counting operations.

Inaccurate selection of learning method is believed to be one of factors causing low learning result on biology subject. This study conducted by action research method was aimed to find out the effect of cooperative learning type Student Teams Achievement Divisions (STAD) on organ systems topic to increase biology learning result of 11th grade sciene student of SMAN 40 Jakarta in the first semester in academic years 2012/2013. Data obtained from cycle one and two showed that the average learning result increased from 73.10% to 85.80% along with the improvement on learning achievement increased from 61% to 94.4%. Increase result of several student activities assessed in the cycle 1 and 2 were also identified. Average percentage of overall student activity was slightly elevated from 75% to 86%. Similarly, better accomplishement in enthusiasm (53% to 92%), willingness to ask (38% to 81%), and team work (81% to 92%). Based on those result, it was concluded that the result of Biology learning on Organ System topic can be increased using cooperative learnig type STAD.