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This study aims to review the relation between papercrete and recipanel (wall materials from recycled paper) with indicators of material sustainability in environmental aspects. Recycling paper into wall material is one of the ways to overcome the increasing amount of paper waste in Indonesia. Waste recycling is related to the concept of sustainability, namely the triple bottom line of the concept of sustainability. A literature review of waste management, recycled paper, and recycled paper as wall material were conducted in terms of environmental sustainability. This study was conducted by integrating the theoretical understanding of waste, walls, wall material products from recycled paper and discussion of its impact in terms of the sustainability of recycled paper as alternative wall material. From this study, it was found that the relationship between the characteristics of papercrete and walls on the sustainability of recycled paper brought forward four positive values and two negative values. Meanwhile, the relation between recipanel and wall characteristics on the sustainability of recycled paper carries four positive values and two negative values. Thus, the recycled paper used as wall material with examples of papercrete and recipanel products may still be suitable for use as wall material in Indonesia. Suggestions resulted from this study that might be implemented in the future are to increase the durability of materials derived from recycled paper and to conduct studies that discuss wall materials derived from recycled paper from social and economic aspects in terms of sustainability.

In this digital era, museum as an institution increasingly incorporates virtual technology into their exhibitions and architectural elements. The application of virtual materials in museums allows sensory variations that enrich visitors’ experience. A sense of realness needs to be considered in a museum environment, with virtual materials as its constituent elements that can arouse the emotional involvement of visitors. This paper investigates virtual materials’ applications and a sense of realness qualities in real-virtual museum architecture. It employs a qualitative research strategy with in-depth interviews and precedent studies used as data collection techniques and content analysis as its analyzing method. Study results show that the principle of immersion to arouse a sense of realness in a real-virtual museum environment includes sensory richness, interaction, and coherence. Integrating real-virtual elements can be carried out within architectural formal and spatial elements’ design. Integration with architectural formal elements includes using interactive surfaces and surface projections, while integration with architectural spatial elements includes the application of motion and audio sensors. These integrations can be implemented in architectural design by isolating virtual devices from outdoor distractions like light, sound, humidity, and temperature. Keywords: immersion; materiality; museum; realness; real-virtual Abstrak Di era digital ini, museum sebagai sebuah institusi mulai menggunakan teknologi virtual pada konten pameran dan elemen arsitekturnya. Aplikasi material virtual dalam arsitektur museum memberikan kemungkinan variasi sensoris yang memperkaya pengalaman dari para pengunjung museum. Kualitas rasa nyata atau realness perlu dipertimbangkan dalam lingkungan atau ‘arsitektur’ dengan pemanfaatan material virtual sebagai elemen penyusunnya, sehingga arsitektur ini dapat menggugah keterlibatan pengunjung secara emosional. Paper ini bertujuan untuk merumuskan keterlibatan material virtual dan kualitas rasa nyata yang sebaiknya diaplikasikan pada arsitektur real-virtual museum. Tulisan ini menerapkan strategi penelitian kualitatif, dengan memilih wawancara mendalam sebagai teknik pengumpulan data, dan konten analisis sebagai metode analisisnya. Hasil studi menunjukkan bahwa prinsip immersion untuk menggugah rasa nyata pada lingkungan museum real-virtual meliputi kekayaan sensoris, interaktif, serta koheren. Integrasi material virtual dan elemen arsitektur dapat dilakukan dalam lingkup elemen formal dan ruang. Integrasi dengan elemen ruang meliputi penggunaan permukaan interaktif dan proyeksi permukaan, sedangkan integrasi dengan ruang meliputi aplikasi sensor gerak dan audio. Integrasi ini bisa diimplementasikan dalam desain arsitektur dengan mengisolasi perangkat virtual dari distraksi outdoor termasuk visual cahaya, suara, kelembapan, dan suhu dari ruang luar. Kata kunci: immersion; materialitas; museum; realness; real-virtual

In several big cities in Indonesia, there are numerous cases of abandoned buildings due to delays in the construction process. Some of these buildings even remain abandoned and underused for an extended period. In line with this condition, cities experience a high level of urbanization that cause places tremendous pressure on urban spaces, especially green open spaces. This paper discusses Parasitic Architecture as an alternative design approach to address this issue. It proposes to use abandoned buildings as public facilities and is presented in sections. First, it reviews the concepts and principles of Parasitic Architecture, followed by observational studies using a contextual analysis to explore the context and function of abandoned buildings. The exploration results indicate a potential to apply Parasitic Architecture's concepts and principles in redesigning abandoned buildings and turning them into public facilities, particularly into green open spaces. In this context, the paper views Parasitic Architecture plays a vital role in providing innovative spatial and structural configurations to reorient the use of unused buildings for public functions. Keywords: abandoned building; contextual analysis; parasitic architecture; green open space Abstrak Di beberapa kota besar di Indonesia, banyak kasus bangunan terbengkalai akibat adanya kemunduran dalam proses konstruksi. Beberapa dari bangunan tersebut malahan terlalaikan dan tidak dimanfaatkan dalam jangka waktu yang lama. Seiring dengan permasalahan ini, kota-kota besar mengalami peningkatan jumlah urbanisasi yang menyebabkan ruang perkotaan semakin berkurang termasuk untuk ruang terbuka hijau kota. Paper ini membahas bagaimana parasitic architecture digunakan sebagai pendekatan perancangan untuk merespon permasalahan dengan memanfaatkan bangunan terbengkalai agar dapat berfungsi kembali dan dijadikan sebagai fasilitas atau ruang publik. Pertama, dilakukan kajian teori tentang konsep dan prinsip parasitic architecture, dilanjutkan dengan mengeksplorasi konteks dan fungsi bangunan terbengkalai melalui studi observasi dengan analisis kontekstual. Hasil eksplorasi menjelaskan terdapat potensi untuk menerapkan konsep dan prinsip parasitic architecture dalam perancangan kembali bangunan terbengkalai menjadi fasilitas publik, khususnya ruang terbuka hijau. Dalam konteks ini, parasitic architecture dipandang sebagai pendekatan perancangan berperan penting dalam pengadaan konfigurasi ruang dan struktur inovatif yang mampu mengalihkan bangunan terbengkalai menjadi ruang berfungsi publik. Kata kunci: bangunan terbengkalai; analisis kontesktual; parasitic architecture; ruang terbuka hijau

Movies represent women differently from men. Some try to raise women’s dignity, and some still impose traditional values on them. This paper studies the representation of the characters of female superhero in The Incredibles 1 and 2 which seem to support women’s emancipation. However, there are some ideas conveyed through the mise- en-scéne which still indicate that the movie series do not fully emancipate women. The Incredibles 1 and 2 movie series have been chosen as the object of the study for their typical characteristics when female superhero plays the role. The purpose of this paper is to examine how women are represented through visuals and character roles in The Incredibles 1 and 2. The movies were analyzed through a critical discourse approach. The analysis focused on the language beyond sentences and aspects outside the language, such as power relation, social context, and ideology. The result of the analysis shows that the female character in the movies still upholds traditional values, such as male domination, revealing that these movies are not emancipatory for women. Moreover, women are still degraded and objectified through their body. Therefore, these movies can be seen as a form of pseudo-empowerment, where something is seen as empowering but actually it is not. Emansipasi dan Pemberdayaan Perempuan dalam Film Incredibles 1 dan 2. Film menggambarkan perempuan dan laki-laki dengan cara yang berbeda. Sebagian mencoba untuk menaikkan derajat perempuan, dan sebagian masih menyajikan nilai- nilai tradisional. Artikel ini meneliti representasi karakter perempuan utama pada film The Incredibles 1 dan 2 yang terlihat mendukung emansipasi perempuan melalui karakter superhero. Namun, terdapat gagasan yang menunjukkan bahwa kedua film ini tidak sepenuhnya mengemansipasi perempuan. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk meneliti bagaimana perempuan digambarkan melalui visual dan peran pada setiap karakter di The Incredibles 1 dan 2. Kedua film ini dianalisa menggunakan pendekatan analisis wacana. Analisis dilakukan pada tingkat bahasa yang digunakan yang tidak terbatas pada kalimat dan aspek-aspek di luar bahasa, seperti hubungan kekuasaan, konteks social, dan ideologi. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa karakter perempuan pada kedua film ini masih menjunjung tinggi nilai-nilai tradisional, seperti dominasi oleh laki-laki. Hal ini membuktikan bahwa film-film ini tidak merepresentasikan kebebasan pada perempuan. Lebih lagi, melalui tubuhnya, perempuan masih terlihat direndahkan dan dijadikan sebagai objek. Oleh karena itu, dapat disimpulkan bahwa film-film ini merupakan suatu pseudo-empowerment, yaitu ketika sesuatu terlihat seperti memberikan kebebasan namun dalam kenyataanya tidak sama sekali.

The idea behind the world exhibitions event was to promote international trade by exhibiting goods, colonial achievements, and the identities of the colonies. However, Georg Simmel’s notes in “The Berlin Trade Exhibition” showed that the exhibitions developed during the nineteenth century specifically responded to the competitive demands of the industrial mode and money economy. Thus, the purpose of the world exhibition is not merely as an annual fair; rather, it has socioeconomic and cultural aspects represented by the colony on a smaller scale. A similar pattern was also found in the Colonial Exhibition of Semarang. As one of the biggest exhibitions held in Southeast Asia in the early 20th century, the exhibition displayed the Dutch Colonial’s highest achievement in the Dutch East Indies. It represents modern life's industrial and technological advancement and temporarily serves as the center of world civilization. Yet there is a distinct contrast between the natives and European visitors, which causes a contradiction between modernism and traditionalism exhibited in the exhibition. This paper examines Koloniale Tentoonstelling Semarang as the representation of an industrial city and an attraction for a touristic destination. It aims to investigate how world exhibitions served not only as platforms for promoting international trade but also as reflections of the socioeconomic and cultural dynamics of the time. Keywords: exhibition; colonial; Semarang; Sentiling; Tentoonstelling Abstrak Gagasan di balik kegiatan world exhibitions adalah untuk mempromosikan perdagangan internasional dengan memamerkan barang, pencapaian kolonial, dan identitas koloni. Namun, catatan Georg Simmel dalam “The Berlin Trade Exhibition” menunjukkan bahwa pameran yang dikembangkan di abad kesembilan belas secara khusus menanggapi tuntutan kompetitif industri dan ekonomi. Oleh karena itu, tujuan pameran dunia bukan hanya sebagai pameran tahunan; namun juga memiliki aspek sosial, ekonomi, dan budaya yang diwakili oleh koloni dalam skala yang lebih kecil. Pola serupa juga ditemukan dalam Pameran Kolonial Semarang. Sebagai salah satu eksibisi terbesar yang diselenggarakan di Asia Tenggara di awal abad ke-20, pameran ini menampilkan pencapaian tertinggi Kolonial Belanda di Hindia Belanda. Hal ini mencerminkan kemajuan industri dan teknologi kehidupan modern yang ditampilkan untuk sementara waktu sebagai pusat peradaban dunia. Namun terdapat kondisi yang mencolok antara penduduk asli dan pengunjung dari Eropa, sehingga menimbulkan kontradiksi antara modernisme dan tradisionalisme yang dipamerkan dalam pameran ini. Tulisan ini akan mengkaji Koloniale Tentoonstelling Semarang sebagai representasi kota industri dan daya tarik destinasi wisata. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menyelidiki bagaimana pameran dunia tidak hanya berfungsi sebagai wadah untuk mempromosikan perdagangan internasional tetapi juga sebagai cerminan dinamika sosial ekonomi dan budaya pada saat itu. Kata kunci: pameran; kolonial; Semarang; Sentiling; Tentoonstelling

This paper introduces the reconciliation as well as an analysis on the divide between contemporary and classical aesthetics in architecture. The analysis outlines the segmentation as one of standards rather than of aesthetic appeal, concluding with a proposal for the reconciliation by means of integrating modern and contemporary art into today’s architecture. This reconciliation would not only serve as an artistic take on architecture, but also raise awareness on the subjectivity of beauty in architecture. In the conclusion of this paper, there are highlighted illustrations demonstrating the picturesque outcome of using this proposed method of integration.

Global development contains a major paradox. On the one hand it tends towards a uniformity in capitalist economics (state neo-corporatism, increasing commodification of public assets, informational monopolies etc), but on the other to a diversity of social forms that rise above traditional cultures and practices. Globalisation therefore has its own culture and communities generated by production and diffusion of electronic information (Facebook, Linkedin, Twitter, WhatsApp, professional and educational networks etc). While this context exists across space it is not fundamentally place based like local communities where people raise their children, create social networks based on material needs and worship their gods. There exists an uneasy tension between these two events, the space based electronic culture and the place based communal culture. Hence the question arises as to whether resistance is either necessary or possible against globalisation which appears to constitute an enduring and irresistible force. Is it possible to guarantee both cultural forms, or is one (the global) destined to exterminate the other? If so how can this be prevented? Local cultures are also faced with their own internal dynamics, usually tending towards stasis, e.g Ajeg Bali movement taking place in Bali Island. But cultures that do not adapt and develop are threatened with extinction. The fundamental difference between the global and the local lies in their structure. Globalisation is fundamentally an economic form that derives its organisation from the ideological tenets of capitalism. Local cultures derive theirs from tradition, religion, social relations, and language. There are clearly a plethora of responses to these questions. For example is a third culture possible, one that merges the best of both systems, the space based and the place based urban life? Other questions follow. ‘Can there ever be “the best of both worlds”? in which case what is to be sacrificed from each social form? Given that capitalism as a system is largely out of control and has no moral core, no bargain seems likely or reasonable, at least from the local to the global. In addition, arguing logically against the seduction of the capitalist system seems pointless – we all want new cars, jobs, clothes and more significantly, our desires fulfilled in a world where needs have largely been transcended. Contextualizing its fifth volume of publication within this context, Journal Ruang-Space offers eight articles. The first one is by Dwi Ely Wardani and M. Sani Roychansyah entitled Inklusivitas Jalur Pedestrian Di Sekitar Kampus Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta, Studi Kasus Penggal Jln. A.Yani, Jln. Garuda Mas dan Jln.Menco Raya Kartasura, Jawa Tengah (The Inclusivity of Pedestrian Paths surrounding the University of Muhammadiyah Surakarta, Case Study of A. Yani Road, Garuda Mas Road and Menco Raya Kartasura Road, Centre of Java Island). The second writing is authored by Cynthia E.V. Wuisang, Frits O.P. Siregar, and Faizah Mastuti. The title of this joint publication is Eksistensi Bangunan dan Kawasan Bersejarah di Kota Manado dan Peranannya sebagai Urban Heritage (The Existence of Historical Buildings and Zones in Manado City and Their Roles as Urban Heritages). The third publication is written by Ariani Mandala and Vania Sheila, entitled Kontribusi Pencahayaan Buatan terhadap Kualitas Visual Bangunan pada Malam Hari: StudiKasus Bangunan Bersejarah di Sekitar Kawasan Simpang Lima, Semarang (The Contributions of Man Made Lightings towards the Visual Quality of Buildings in the Evening: Case Study of Historical Buildings Situated around Simpang Lima Zone in Semarang City). The fourth article is composed by Hafid Setiadi with a title of Perubahan Identitas Tempat dan Konflik Ruang di Pinggiran: Studi Awal Tentang Urban Habitus dalam Transformasi Ruang di Kota Depok, Jawa Barat (Change in Identity of a Place and Spatial Conflict in a Peripheral Area: A Preliminary Studi of Urban Habitus and Spatial Transpormation of Depok City, West of Java Island). The fifth article is by Edi Subagijo and Tonny Suhartono with a given title of Model Pengembangan Kriteria Desain Rusunawa Berdasarkan Kepuasan Penghuni: Studi Kasus, Rumah Susun Sederhana Sewa Kutobedah di Kota Malang (Development Model for Design Criteria of Rental High-rise Housing Unit Based on Occupants' Satisfaction: Case Study of Kutubedah Rental High-rise Housing Unit in Malang City). The sixth paper is by Angela Upitya Paramitasari, Witanti Nur Utami, and Aria Adrian. The tittle of this paper is Identifikasi Kriteria Perancangan ‘Eks Palaguna’ di CBD Kota Bandung Berdasarkan Identitas Kota melalui Sense of Place (The Identification of Design Criteria for Ex Palaguna in Bandung Central Business District based on Urban Identity and Sense of Place). The seventh article is authored by Ema Yunita Titisari, Antariksa, Lisa Dwi Wulandari, and Surjono, entittled Sumber Air dalam Ruang Budaya Masyarakat Desa Toyomerto Singosari, Malang (Water Sources in Cultural Space of the Toyomerta Community in Singosari, Malang). The last one is written by Ni Ketut Ayu Intan Putri Mentari Indriani, entitled The Formation of Territoriality within a Crowded Settlement of Kampung Jawa, in Denpasar City (Proses Terbentuknya Teritorialitas pada Permukiman Padat Penghuni di Kampung Jawa, Denpasar).

This paper is based on our work with experienced professionals in the Practitioner in Residence (PIR) Program. The program allows an experienced urban practitioner to undertake a period of supported research in residence at the University of Sydney under the auspices of the Henry Halloran Trust. The aim is to enable professionals to impart their knowledge to other urban professionals and thereby inform their practice. The PIR writes from experience on a topic of concern, relating it to the literature in the field and arguing the case for change. Our PIRs bring experience to the project and, under guidance derive a principle/s that can speak to other practitioners in a well researched and grounded argument. Outside the institutional constraint of their office PIRs are able to bring the wisdom of experience to discussing the politics and pragmatics that contend with planning goals. The program is part of a broader Trust agenda to better connect Australian urban planning practice to the evidence base within urban planning research. Through the program we hope to produce research outputs relevant and accessible to practitioners. The paper discusses the dynamics of the PIR program, the necessary links between theory and practice and the problems of relevance and accessibility of planning research. Keywords: action research, research led practice

Tulisan ini membahas aspek sosio-historis dan pencapaian kebudayaan pada masa peradaban seni (rupa) Hindu dan Islam di Indonesia, perkembangan terkini seni rupa kontemporer Islami, dan karya seni KH. M. Fuad Riyadi, seniman dan Kyai Kontemporer yang aktif sebagai pelaku kesenian dalam seni sastra, musik dan seni rupa. Karya seni selalu merupakan cerminan pengamatan serta perasaan dan pikiran pembuatnya. Karya seni terlahir dari proses pergulatan panjang yang kompleks atas berbagai unsur kebudayaan yang saling mempengaruhi. Pada tahapan ini terjadilah transformasi budaya melalui proses sinkretisasi yang membentuk tradisi seni di Indonesia sesuai dengan peranan unsur budaya terutama persentuhan dengan agama yang datang dari luar. Tulisan ini dikaji melalui studi sejarah, transformasi budaya dan estetika. Berdasarkan penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa karya seni yang diciptakan seniman tidak berdiri sendiri atas nafas tunggal konsep dan dogtrin agama namun sudah dielaborasi dengan kebutuhan budaya setempat serta local genius masyarakat yang ditempati. This paper is intended to discuss the socio-historical aspect and the cultural achievement of the civilization of Hinduism and Islamic fine art in Indonesia, the updated development of Islamic contemporary fine art, and the artwork of KH. M. Fuad Riyadi, artists and contemporary mufti who are active as art doers of literary art, music, and fine art. The artwork is always a reflection of the observations and feelings and thoughts of the author. The artwork was born by the long struggle of complex processes on various cultural elements which influenced to each other. At this stage there was a cultural transformation through the process of syncretization which formed a tradition of art in Indonesia in accordance with the role of cultural elements, especially the contiguity with the religion coming from the outside. This paper was analyzed through the historical study, cultural and aesthetics transformation. Based on the research it can be concluded that the artworks created by the artist do not stand alone based on the single breath of concept and religion doctrine but the ones which have been elaborated with the needs of the local culture and the local genius of that intended society.

The train is a mode of mass transportation that is fast, efficient, and relatively affordable. To support the high demand for this mode of transportation, adequate infrastructure is also needed. The condition of this infrastructure must always be monitored so that the level of security and safety of rail transportation modes can always be in optimal conditions. One important component that requires regular attention and maintenance is the railway sleepers. In this paper, a finite element (FE) model was made of railway sleepers using ANSYS software. From the analysis on the FE model, it can be explored that the deformation and stress that occurs in the railway due to loading. In this study, vibration tests were also carried out on railway based on several types of passing trains. It aims to determine the frequency value based on the type of passing train. This research is the initial stage of a series of studies on structural health monitoring procedures on railroads.

Western religious and intellectual traditions came together in Monastic life. The production of new knowledge was independent to the time it took for creation. Quality was all that mattered. Today, a bizarre reversal has taken place. Quality has been sacrificed to time. Given the neoliberal state and right-wing politics, the business model itself, lacking any moral core, has been applied to universities. Today, every aspect of academic life must be analyzed, tested, and quantified. Whereas previously, the highest academic accolade was given to a single-authored refereed publication, today, it is the number of citations that matter. Hence articles with ten authors are now frequent, where each contributes close to zero in work, and one’s inclusion is frequently paid for. Overall, the very fabric of intellectual life is being eroded. Far from improving quality, individuals are encouraged to ‘play the system’. Undeniable is the fact that academics themselves are forced to encompass a fundamentally corrupt system of practices to negotiate their interests. Hence ethical behaviour becomes negotiable, and collegiality is undermined. This promotes an increase in plagiarism, deceit, fraud at a global level, and the trading of favours for credit. The following short paper summarises how this takes place. It demands that academics report corrupt practices. It also calls on university bureaucracies to review the critically flawed system they have created. Keywords: academic life; ethical behaviour; fraud Abstrak Tradisi intelektual barat terjadi secara bersamaam dalam kehidupan monastik. Pembangunan pengetahuan yang baru tidak tergantung pada waktu yang dibutuhkan untuk penciptaannya, namun sebuah proses yang mengedepankan kualitas. Yang terjadi belakangan ini adalah sebaliknya. Kualitas telah dikorbankan untuk waktu. Praktek neoliberal, politik sayap kanan dan model bisnis, yang kurang menaruh perhatian terhadap tata moralitas, telah juga merambah ke roda operasional universitas. Saat ini, setiap aspek kehidupan akademik harus dianalisis, diuji, dan diukur. Sedangkan sebelumnya, penghargaan akademik tertinggi diberikan kepada publikasi yang telah melalui proses review yang seksama, dan ditulis oleh seorang penulis tunggal. Sementara yang terjadi belakangan ini, yang dominan adalah kuantitas, termasuk jumlah publikasi dan banyaknya sitasi. Oleh karenanya, artikel dengan sepuluh penulis atau lebih sangat sering ditemukan, di mana sebagian penulis berkontribusi pada level yang mendekati nol. Penyertaan seorang penulis sering kali karena kesediaan yang bersangkutan untuk membayar. Secara keseluruhan, jalinan kehidupan intelektual sedang terkikis, jauh dari upaya-upaya yang ditujukan untuk meningkatkan kualitas, dan pihak-pihak yang terlibat didorong untuk 'bermain dengan sistem’. Tidak bisa disangkal jika dalam kenyataannya, para akademisi dipaksa untuk melakoni sistem yang pada dasarnya ‘korup’ dalam rangka menegosiasikan kepentingan mereka. Dalam konteks ini, perilaku yang beretika menjadi sesuatu yang bisa dinegosiasikan, dan hubungan kolegialitas menjadi teremehkan. Kondisi ini telah mendorong peningkatan praktek plagiat, penipuan, pemalsuan di tingkat global, dan terjadi pula proses memberi bantuan dengan harapan pihak yang dibantu akan melakukan hal yang sama dikemudian hari. Tulisan singkat berikut ini merangkum bagaimana hal ini terjadi. Artikel ini menuntut agar para akademisi melaporkan praktik-praktek keakademikan yang tidak genah dan juga memohon birokrasi di level universitas untuk meninjau ulang sistem yang telah mereka buat dan menyebabkan terjadinya kondisi-kondisi yang dipaparkan di dalam tulisan ini. Kata kunci: kehidupan akademik; tingkah laku beretika; penipuan

The following paper began by serving as a general introduction to this special issue of Ruang – Space. In the course of writing it morphed into a slightly different offering. While a general overview remains, covering linguistic problems and interrelationships, the paper not only offers a basic thesis about Vernacular/Ethnic architecture – thatthe central purpose of vernacular architecture isto inform the present, not to define the past, it also suggeststhe proof. In the course of outlining this idea, works contributed to two former books are cited. The first, Home- A Portfolio of Home over the Ages generated a basic structure for the purpose of analysing the generic features of home. Work previously unpublished is included to reveal the logic and method behind the eight historical chapters in the book. The second Vernacular Transformations – Architecture, Place and Tradition, specifically chapter one, illustrates the development of the thesis in significant detail, and modifies the original model on critique. The article concludes by suggesting that the thesis has been adequately supported, and that the method derived from realist philosophy using necessary and contingent features is useful until someone can improve on this overall system. Keywords: vernacular; ethnic; necessary and contingent features; counter representation. Abstrak Tulisan ini pada awalnya didedikasikan sebagai prolog untuk edisi khusus Jurnal Ruang-Space yang mengambil tema permukiman etnik. Namun dalam proses penyusunannya, telah berubah menjadi artikel yang secara khusus membahas tentang aspek linguistik dan hubungan antar elemen penyusun arsitektur etnik. Artikel ini tidak hanya memaparkan pernyataan mendasar terkait arsitektur vernakular/etnik, tetapi juga menyajikan bukti-bukti pendukung. Sebuah thesis yang diusung disini ialah pemahaman terkait arsitektur vernakular dibutuhkan untuk menginformasikan kondisi-kondisi yang terjadi saat ini, dan bukan untuk mendefinisikan masa lampau. Dalam konteks ini, dua publikasi terdahulu telah dijadikan referensi. Pertama, Home - A Portfolio of Home over the Ages yang dibangun melalui analisa beragam fitur dasar penyusun sebuah 'home-rumah.' Bermacam wujud rumah, yang awalnya belum dipublikasikan, telah dirangkul untuk memahami logika dan metode yang melatarbelakangi penyusunan delapan bab dari buku ini. Kedua, Vernacular Transformations – Architecture, Place and Tradition, khususnya Bab pertama, yang memberikan ilustrasi secara detil, bagaimana arsitektur vernakular dipahami. Di akhir, artikel ini merangkum jika kemunculan thesis di atas telah didukung dengan metode yang dilandasi filosofi seorang realist, dengan memanfaatkan fitur-fitur yang ada. Ini hanya akan berubah jika pernyataan/ide baru muncul, dengan tujuan untuk memperbaiki thesis ini. Kata kunci: vernakular, etnik, rumah, tradisi

In the Lesser Sunda Islands of the Indonesian Republic a Kampung is located in Flores Island. It is called Kampung Wae Rebo and constitutes the focus of this paper. Here the formation of traditional settlements with their ritual practices has a dominant role. Here, culture is the determining factor that shapes the living environment. The Manggarai ethnic group who live in Wae Rebo is well known for their enduring perpetuation of tradition. One such tradition is selected for in-depth study - that of the annual ceremony of penti. This takes the form of a giant ritual pertaining to the agricultural life of the community. Here a series of activities relating to this ritual have affected the spatial formation of the Wae Rebo settlement in unique ways. The study methodology deploys concepts derived from both structuralism and hermeneutics. In conclusion the following paper suggests that the existence of Wae Rebo settlement has been historically determined by five elements, namely; the social structure of the community; ritual practices; harmony with nature; defence from both internal and external forces; and the adaptive qualities of culture. Keywords: spatial arrangement; traditional settlement; Kampung Wae Rebo; ritual penti Abstrak Di Kepulauan Sunda Kecil, tepatnya di Pulau Flores, terdapat Kampung Wae Rebo dengan pola permukiman tradisional yang didominasi oleh praktek-praktek ritualnya. Dalam konteks ini, budaya merupakan faktor determinan dalam proses pembentukan permukimannya. Suku Manggarai merupakan sekelompok etnik di Kampung Wae Rebo yang mempertahankan tradisi ini secara turun-temurun. Salah satu tradisi yang menjadi fokus penelitian ini adalah ritual tahunan penti. Ritual ini merupakan praktek budaya bertani yang dilakukan oleh masyarakatnya. Rangkaian ritual ini telah mempengaruhi keunikan pola permukiman kampung ini. Studi ini dilakukan melalui pendekatan structuralism dan hermeneutics. Pada akhirnya, eksistensi permukiman Kampung Wae Rebo secara kebersejarahannya ditentukan oleh lima element, diantaranya: struktur masyarakatnya; praktek-praktek ritual; keharmonisan dengan alam; pertahanan dari faktor eksternal dan internal; dan adaptasi budaya.

Abstract In Bali waste management is at crisis levels. A comprehensive and well participated public-based garbage management system is an important element toward the formation of a livable urban environment. It would benefit the economy, public health, and environmental safety, as well as being an agent for change in public attitudes towards wastes in general. Various attempts such as gelatik (plastic garbage movement); clean and green; and the 3R principle (reuse, reduce, recycle) have been carried out to change people’s behavior in handling garbage. Attitudes unfortunately remain unchanged. This is a complex problem involving the creation, dispersal, collection and disposal across the entire island. The following paper addresses questions concerning people’s unhealthy attitudes towards waste management; and the factors driving such behavior. Research is conducted on the basis of the descriptive qualitative method. Findings show that garbage collection, sorting, storing, and disposal have not been fully recognized and supported by government and local people. Significantly, major determining factors such as a lack of supporting infrastructure and facilities also emerge as priority considerations and waste management remains a neglected field both by government and non-governmental agencies. Keywords: public behavior, motivating factors, domestic garbage Abstrak Di Bali, pengelolaan sampah sedang berada pada titik kiritis. Pengelolaan sampah yang komprehensif dan berbasis masyarakat merupakan elemen penting dalam pembangunan lingkungan layak huni. Hal ini akan memberi manfaat terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi, kesehatan masyarakat, keamanan lingkungan, dan bisa juga menjadi agen perubahan tingkah laku publik terhadap produk buangan secara umum. Beragam usaha dalam penanganan sampah, seperti misalnya gelatik (gerakan sampah plastik), clean and green dan konsep 3R (reuse, reduce, recycle), telah dilaksanakan untuk merubah tingkah laku masyarakat. Sayang sekali, tingkah laku ini tidak berubah. Ini merupakan permasalahan yang kompleks yang melibatkan pengadaan, penyebaran, pengumpulan, dan pembuangan sampah. Paper berikut ini menjawab pertanyaan terkait tingkah laku tidak sehat masyarakat terkait penanganan sampah serta faktor-faktor yang menjadi pemicu kemunculannya. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dengan menerapkan metode kualitatif deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa proses pengumpulan, pemisahan, pewadahan, dan pemusnahan atau pembuangan sampah belum sepenuhnya dilakukan dan didukung, baik oleh pemerintah maupun masyarakat lokal. Secara signifikan, faktor-faktor utama yang mempengaruhi kondisi ini, seperti misalnya, kurang adanya sarana, prasarana, dan fasilitas, tetap muncul sebagai prioritas yang harus ditangani; serta isu pengelolaan sampah yang masih dilalaikan, baik oleh pemerintah maupun agen-agen non-pemerintah. Keywords: perilaku masyarakat, faktor-faktor pendorong perilaku, sampah rumah tangga

Ruang-Space is a new journal dedicated to the understanding of space and the built environment. It has been created to fill a major gap in academic publishing in Indonesia, where the physical built environment remains somewhat detached from its counterparts in social science and urban politics. To this extent Ruang-Space focuses on development in general, encouraging lateral thinking as a dominant characteristic of post-modern thought and the politics of globalisation. The intention is to address the built environment as a whole, and to dispense with the barriers and silos that define professional thinking. So the subject matter of the journal will focus on major issues emerging from the development of human settlements in the third millennium. These will of necessity include the disciplines of architecture, planning, landscape architecture and urban design, as well as interpretations of the built environment emerging from urban geography, sociology and political science. In order to support our global vision, we encourage articles and reviews from around the world. In greater detail, we welcome submissions dealing with sustainability, urban form, the urban landscape, design control, community organisation, ethnic architecture, housing for the poor, urban politics and policy, and the design of cities. But in addition to our overall intention to broaden the analysis of settlement form and structure in Indonesia and abroad, we wish to push forward the barriers on significant theory, either in its application or in the discovery of new facts and forms of analysis. In so doing we accept that in the increasingly globalising world of postmodernity, cross disciplinarity is becoming the rule rather than the exception, and that thinking ‘outside the box’ is now a necessary characteristic of this process. Hence submissions which further these ideas will be encouraged in the peer-refereeing process that we will pursue. Under the umbrella of Ruang-Space, we hope to generate a dynamic and interesting vision of the built environment that stands in contrast to journals whose subject matter is contained within a narrow vision of architecture and planning as constraining determinants of social space. While it is our intention to make space available on a continuing basis to a diversity of submissions, as is now the norm we intend to publish occasional ‘themed’ issues that cover particular subjects in significant depth, for example in kampung development, space in traditional societies, the impact of globalisation on local cultures and development control. Additionally, since this journal is being produced by the Masters Program in Architecture at Udayana University in Bali, it is also our intention to use it as a forum for the diversity of problems that now inundate Balinese society, specifically those that affect development and culture as a whole. In the forefront of this debate lies the nemesis of tourism. Its impacts are ubiquitous and variously interpreted on the one hand as destructive of environment and culture yet on the other as a making a massive contribution to the local economy. While Bali’s problems are not original, the island paradise offers a singular laboratory where the conflicts brought by tourism can be studied in significant depth. It is also our intention to generalise our content, not only in subject matter but also in the form in which it is presented. In future issues we will also welcome three other types of submission. First, book reviews (up to 1000 words). Second, viewpoints which provide a new insight or critique of a theory, method, subject matter etc that the author feels is being ignored or is otherwise misinterpreted (1000-2000 words). Third, review articles which not only review a particular book, but cover its history, influences, similar texts and a theoretical critique of content (approx 2-3000 words). We also take this opportunity to welcome our editorial board members, whom we gratefully thank for their participation. We hope that with your support, this journal will achieve its mission to be a medium for communication for new thoughts and study findings in the area of the built environment. Our editorial board includes experts in a variety of fields dealing with the built environment, individuals who have attained great respect in their diverse disciplines, including architecture, urban planning, urban design, political economy, sociology, sustainability, anthropology and history. This first Volume and first issue is opened by Professor Cuthbert who is a distinguished Visiting Professor at our University (Guru Besar Tamu), whose work has had international acclaim in the area of urban design. His article personifies many of the above qualities by offering a new theoretical framework for urban design from within the realm of social theory that he suggests can replace aesthetic and ‘cultural’ interpretations of architecture. This is followed by the second article written by Ni Made Dhina Avianthi Irawan, a civil servant of Ministry of Public Works, Department of Building and Environment in Bali. Dhina discusses the development of Blahkiuh image based on observers experiences and perception. Blahkiuh is classified as a city of class IV status in Bali. The third paper is authored by Ni Made Emmi Nutrisia Dewi, an academic of the Design Institute of Bali. Emmi’s article studies the use of communal spaces of Pedungan Village (Denpasar), and the changes and factors behind them. The fourth article is written by I Made Wirata, a professional architect, and Ngakan Putu Sueca (Professor in the Department of Architecture, Udayana University). It discusses concepts behind the Sasak houses of Segenter Village, North of Lombok. The uniqueness of these settlements is the layout of spaces that relies heavily on the placement of doors and the bale sakanem (building with six structural columns). The fifth article is authored by Dinar Sukma Pramesti, a professional architect. Dinar studies the stilt houses of Loloan community, Jembrana, Bali. She underlines that the form of stilt houses has changed over time in line with various elements including socio-cultural aspects, economic factors, building age, land availability, and occupants' preferences. The sixth article is written by I Nengah Riana, Widiastuti, and Ida Bagus Gde Primayatna, academic staff from the Department of Civil Engineering, National University (Bali) and the Department of Architecture, Udayana University. It examines the conversion of green open spaces, a major problem in Denpasar. The seventh paper is authored by Gusti Ayu Made Suartika. It examines the relevance of multi storey housing in fulfilling the need for affordable houses by low income urban dwellers in Indonesia. Finally, a big thank you to all our contributors, editorial board, production team and publishing staff who have worked faithfully to bring the journal RUANG- SPACE into being.

Abstract Over the last ten years and 1000 pages of text, I outlined a unified field theory which I refer to as The New Urban Design. Possessing the same structure, the three books can be read in series or in parallel, and may best be described as a matrix of possibilities (Cuthbert 2003, 2006, 2011). In this paper I revisit some of the ideas in these texts that need to be more fully developed. Important among them are the undeniable effects of this new field for architecture and urban planning, and an expanded brief on the use of Marxian modes of production to support social analysis in these disciplines. From this perspective we can at least develop some truth as to the historical progress of urban form. In redefining urban design as an independent field, architecture and urban planning subsequently become different regions of thought from what they had previously entertained, namely during the period when they colonised urban design and shared the spoils between them. Extending this argument even further, it is clear that neither discipline, nor the resulting mainstream urban design (i.e. one produced by architects and planners) - have had resort to a social theory of their own existence. All so called theories of architecture and urban planning, have failed with good reason. Architecture has relied almost exclusively on aesthetics and technology for its self awareness. Despite the fact that social theory began to penetrate planning theory in the 1970’s, this did not change the idea that planning can have no internally generated theory other than the trivial, since it is an epiphenomenon of the state. It is not an independent factor in urbanisation, and therefore can have no consciousness of its own that is any more than ideological in the Marxist use of the term. In conclusion, the paper suggests that if the weltanshuung of the New Urban Design is persuasive, this has wide ranging implications for education, practice and the development process at all scales of operation. Keywords: urban design, social theory, mainstream logic, ideology Abstrak Dalam sepuluh tahun terakhir penulis telah memaparkan sebuah kesatuan teori yang direpresentasikan ke dalam 1000 halaman tulisan (tiga buku), yang Penulis pandang sebagai The New Urban Design. Dengan menerapkan struktur yang baru, ketiga buku ini bisa dibaca secara beruntun (seri) maupun secara pararel, dan juga bisa dideskripsikan sebagai matrik yang menawarkan beragam kemungkinan (Cuthbert 2003, 2006, 2011). Dalam paper ini, Penulis meninjau kembali beberapa ide terkait, yang perlu dikaji lebih lanjut. Beberapa hal penting yang perlu digarisbawahi disini adalah, dampak dari kemunculan bidang urban design yang tidak bisa dihindari terhadap dunia kearsitekturan dan urban planning, dan pengenalan lebih lanjut dari penerapan moda-moda produksi sesuai konsepsi Marxisme dalam mendukung analisis sosial berkenaan kedua disiplin ini. Dari perspektif ini, kita, paling tidak bisa membangun kebenaran akan kemajuan historis dari sebuah tatanan perkotaan. Dalam meredefinisikan urban design sebagai disiplin yang independan, arsitektur dan urban planning selanjutnya menjadi bidang yang berbeda dibanding dengan pemahaman kita sebelumnya. Khususnya pada masa-masa dimana arsitektur dan urban planning mendominasi urban design. Melanjutkan argumentasi ini, urban design secara umum (yang didefinisikan oleh para arsitek maupun urban planner) belum memiliki teori-teori sosial yang dibangun berdasarkan keberadaannya. Semua yang disebut dengan teori tentang arsitektur ataupun urban planning telah gagal untuk alasan-alasan tertentu. Arsitektur secara ekslusif bersandar pada estetika dan teknologi untuk kebangkitannya. Meskipun dalam kenyataannya teori-teori sosial telah pada awalnya mempenetrasi teori tentang planning di tahun 1970's, ini tidak merubah ide bahwa planning belum memiliki kemampuan untuk membangun teorinya sendiri secara internal. Ini dikarenakan oleh perencanaan sebagai sebuah epiphenomenon dari negara. Ini bukan faktor independan dalam pertumbuhan sebuah kota, dan sehingga bisa memiliki kesadaran dari dirinya sendiri yang melebihi ideologi dalam konteks pemikiran Marxisme. Sebagai kesimpulan paper ini menyarankan bahwa, jika perspektif dari new urban design sangat persuasif, ini memiliki implikasi terhadap pendidikan, praktek dan proses pembangunan pada beragam skala dan operasionalnya. Kata kunci: perancangan kota, teori sosial, logika, ideologi

Abstract The Revitalization of Badung River has provided a significant waterfront for Denpasar. Having been used for irresponsibly disposed waste, this river has now emerged as a significant public space. It has promoted diverse recreational activities engaged by urban dwellers of both Denpasar and its surrounding areas. This paper analyses the relationship between numerous spatial settings along the river and their contained recreational activities. The potential attraction of each spatial setting is evaluated by the presence of one or more of the following elements, visible sceneries; aesthetic plants; shade trees; fish; planned space; abandoned or/and vacant land. Meanwhile, type of activities pertained to recreational function of this waterfront include relaxing; sitting around; fishing; chatting; snacking; resting after work; ceremonial activities; and food vendoring (permanent and non-permanent). The research then makes a connection between each spatial element and activities to draw certain relationships between space and its use. Keywords: Badung River, public space, spatial setting, recreational activities Abstrak Kegiatan revitalisasi Sungai Badung telah menghasilkan daerah aliran sungai yang penting bagi Kota Denpasar. Setelah sekian lama dimanfaatkan sebagai tempat pembuangan limbah kota, area ini muncul sebagai ruang publik yang signifikan. Area ini mengundang terjadinya beragam aktivitas rekreasi yang dilaksanakan baik oleh penduduk kota yang berasal dari Denpasar dan area-area di sekitarnya. Paper ini menganalisa hubungan antara beragam setting keruangan yang terjadi di sepanjang aliran sungai ini dengan aktivitas rekreasi yang terjadi di dalamnya. Ketertarikan dari setiap spasial setting dievaluasi berdasarkan keberadaan dari satu atau lebih elemen-elemen berikut ini: pemandangan (view); tanaman hias; pohon peneduh; ikan hias berenang dalam aliran air sungai; ruang-ruang yang direncanakan; dan ruang-ruang tidak/belum terencanakan. Sementara itu, kegiatan rekreasi yang telah terjadi adalah: bersantai; duduk-duduk; bersenda gurau; memancing; menikmati makanan kecil; istirahat dari kerja; upacara keagamaan; dan berjualan makanan kecil. Penelitian ini kemudian mengkorelasikan antara ruang serta kegiatan yang terjadi dalam rangka mengkaji hubungan antara tempat dan pemakainya. Kata kunci: Tukad Badung, ruang publik, setting keruangan, aktivitas rekreasi

Jurnal Ruang-Space mendedikasikan publikasinya untuk memperoleh pemahaman terhadap ruang dan lingkungan binaan. Jurnal ini ditujukan untuk menjembatani kesenjangan dalam publikasi ilmiah, khususnya yang menempatkan lingkungan binaan sebagai bagian yang tidak terpisahkan dari ilmu-ilmu sosial maupun politik. Dalam konteks ini, Jurnal Ruang mempublikasikan artikel-artikel yang mendorong kemunculan pemikiran-pemikiran kritis, sebagai salah satu karakteristik dari era pasca-modern dan globalisasi. Pemahaman terhadap lingkungan binaan secara menyeluruh dilaksanakan dengan memproposisikan pendekatan lintas disiplin, dan cara berpikir yang tidak semata dibatasi bidang keprofesian tertentu. Adapun fokus pembidangan Jurnal ini adalah pada isu-isu yang muncul sebagai akibat pembangunan keruangan untuk mengakomodasi kebutuhan bermukim umat manusia di era milenium ketiga. Fokus ini mencakup disiplin arsitektur, perencanaan, arsitektur landskap, perancangan kota, termasuk juga pandangan serta interprestasi terhadap lingkungan binaan dari kacamata urban geografi, sosiologi dan ilmu politik. Dalam mendukung visi global ini, kami mengundang partisipasi dari penulis, baik yang berasal dari dalam maupun luar Indonesia. Secara detil, Jurnal Ruang-Space menerima artikel yang membahas isu-isu berkenaan sustainabilitas, wujud kota (urban form), urban landskap (urban landscape), desain kontrol, wujud serta organisasi spasial kemasyarakatan, etnik arsitektur, perumahan untuk masyarakat berpendapatan rendah, kebijakan serta urban politik, and desain perkotaan. Jurnal ini menyambut baik kajian terhadap beragam teori dalam wujud aplikasi maupun temuan, baik yang berupa fakta maupun analisis baru. Dalam konteks ini, pendekatan serta pemikiran berbasis multidisiplin menjadi sebuah keharusan, dan bukan perkecualian. Pendekatan berpikir 'outside the box' akan menjadi karakter penting dalam pencapaian tujuan ini. Melalui publikasi Jurnal Ruang -Space kami berharap bisa membangun visi yang dinamik dan menarik, yang berbeda dengan wujud publikasi yang hanya dilandasi oleh pandangan bahwa perencanaan dan perancangan arsitektur sebagai satu-satunya elemen penentu kualitas fisik maupun sosial dari lingkungan binaan, dimana kita berada. Selain bertujuan menyediakan ruang untuk publikasi terkait topik-topik di atas, Jurnal Ruang-Space juga mempublikasikan artikel berdasarkan tema spesifik, yang secara khusus dan mendalam membahas isu-isu tertentu. Tema ini dibangun dalam batas lingkup topik publikasi, misalnya: pembangunan keruangan desa, ruang pada sistem kemasyarakatan tradisional, pengaruh globalisasi terhadap budaya keruangan lokal, dan mekanisme penggendalian pembangunan keruangan di daerah. Disamping itu, sebagai sebuah produk publikasi dari Program Studi Magister Arsitektur, Universitas Udayana, Bali, kami memiliki misi menjadikan Jurnal ini sebagai media untuk mendiskusikan isu-isu penting yang sedang dihadapi masyarakat di Pulau Dewata. Ini khususnya mencakup permasalahan pembangunan dan budaya secara keseluruhan. Di permukaan, debat berkenaan topik ini bertautan erat dengan industri kepariwisataan, yang dampaknya sudah sangat jelas bisa diidentifikasi, dan telah diinterprestasikan secara beragam. Di satu sisi, industri ini seringkali dipandang memiliki peran destruktif terhadap lingkungan dan budaya lokal, namun pada saat yang sama telah berkontribusi secara besar-besaran terhadap pembangunan ekonomi. Sirkumsatansi ini bukanlah hal langka yang hanya dialami Bali, namun pulau ini memiliki potensi untuk dijadikan sebagai laboratorium, dimana permasalahan yang muncul sebagai akibat pembangunan pariwisata bisa dipelajari secara mendalam. Selain mempublikasikan artikel dengan format dan substansi tersebut di atas, ke depannya, Jurnal Ruang-Space juga mengundang tiga tipe publikasi. Pertama, book review (maksimum 1000 kata). Kedua, viewpoints yang memamaparkan pandangan-pandangan kekinian atau kritik terhadap sebuah teori, metode, topik-topik tertentu, dan lain-lain yang dipandang oleh penulis telah terlalaikan atau dimisinterprestasikan (1000-2000 kata). Ketiga, review terhadap artikel yang tidak hanya mereview buku tertentu, tetapi melingkup juga sejarah, dampak, buku-buku yang memiliki kemiripan, kritik terhadap teori (2000-3000 kata). Melalui kesempatan ini, kami ucapkan selamat bergabung kepada anggota Dewan Editor Jurnal Ruang-Space. Terima kasih yang sedalam-dalamnya kami sampaikan kepada Ibu dan Bapak Anggota Dewan Editor atas kesediaannya untuk berpartisipasi dalam publikasi ini. Kami berharap, melalui dukungan Ibu dan Bapak, Jurnal Ruang-Space akan mencapai misinya untuk berperan sebagai media komunikasi bagi pemikiran-pemikiran baru serta hasil-hasil studi di bidang lingkungan terbangun. Anggota Dewan Editor Jurnal Ruang-Space memiliki latar belakang kepakaran yang beragam dan telah memiliki pengakuan di bidangnya masing-masing. Ini melingkup kepakaran di bidang rancang bangun, pembangunan dan perencanaan, perancangan kota, politikal ekonomi, sosiologi, sejarah dan antrofologi. Edisi perdana Jurnal Ruang-Space diawali dengan artikel yang dikontribuskan oleh Profesor Alexander Cuthbert (UNSW, Australia), salah satu guru besar tamu di Universitas Udayana. Artikel pertama ini mempersonifikasikan beberapa aspek dari permasalahan yang dihadapi dalam perancangan kota, dengan menawarkan sebuah pendekatan teoritis baru. Tulisan ini memandang bahwa estetika dan interprestasi terhadap budaya di bidang arsitektur bisa dilihat melalui kacamata teori-teori sosial. Artikel kedua ditulis Ni Made Dhina Avianthi Irawan, salah seorang staf Kementrian Pekerjaan Umum Bali di bidang Penataan Bangunan dan Lingkungan. Dhina membahas tentang pembangunan citra Kota Blahkiuh berdasarkan pengalaman serta pandangan masyarakat pengamat perkembangan kota. Blahkiuh merupakan salah satu contoh kota golongan IV di Bali. Tulisan ketiga disajikan oleh Ni Made Emmi Nutrisia Dewi, salah satu staf pengajar dari Sekolah Tinggi Desain, Bali. Tulisan Emmi mengkaji tentang pemanfaatan ruang-ruang komunal di Desa Pedungan (Denpasar), wujud perubahan fungsi yang ada dan faktor-faktor penyebab perubahan ini. Artikel keempat ditulis oleh I Made Wirata (arsitek profesional) dan Ngakan Putu Sueca (profesor Jurusan Arsitektur, Universitas Udayana). Tulisan ini membahas tentang konsep rumah adat Suku Sasak di Dusun Segenter, Lombok Utara. Keunikan permukiman ini adalah pada penempatan ruang-ruang yang sangat tergantung dari penempatan pintu dan bale sakanem (bangunan dengan 6 tiang struktur). Artikel kelima ditulis oleh Dinar Sukma Pramesti, seorang arsitek profesional. Tulisan Dinar mendiskusikan tentang tipe rumah panggung di Kampung Loloan, Kabupaten Jembrana, Bali. Dinar menggarisbawahi jika bentuk arsitektur rumah panggung kampung ini telah berkembang, menyesuaikan kondisi sosial-budaya, ekonomi, umur bangunan, ketersediaan lahan, dan preferensi dari penghuni. Artikel keenam disusun oleh I Nengah Riana, Widiastuti, dan Ida Bagus Gde Primayatna, staf akademik dari Jurusan Teknik Sipil, Universitas Pendidikan Nasional, (Bali) dan Jurusan Arsitektur, Universitas Udayana. Paper ini menstudi salah satu permasalahan serius yang semakin dihadapi Kota Denpasar, yaitu perubahan pemanfaatan ruang terbuka hijau. Perubahan ini dilihat dari wujud perubahannya serta faktor-faktor yang menyebabkan terjadinya alih fungsi ini. Artikel ketujuh mengkaji tentang relevansi dari perumahan berlantai banyak dalam pemenuhan kebutuhan perumahan untuk masyarakat berpendapatan rendah di daerah perkotaan di Indonesia, yang ditulis oleh Gusti Ayu Made Suartika, seorang akademik dari Program Studi Magister Perencanaan dan Pembangunan Spasial Desa/Kota, Universitas Udayana. Akhirnya terima kasih yang sebesar-besarnya disampaikan kepada para penulis, wakil editor, anggota dewan editor, staf editor, dan team produksi, yang telah berkontribusi dan bekerja keras sehingga publikasi Jurnal RUANG-SPACE terealisasikan. ??? Ruang-Space is a new journal dedicated to the understanding of space and the built environment. It has been created to fill a major gap in academic publishing in Indonesia, where the physical built environment remains somewhat detached from its counterparts in social science and urban politics. To this extent Ruang-Space focuses on development in general, encouraging lateral thinking as a dominant characteristic of post-modern thought and the politics of globalisation. The intention is to address the built environment as a whole, and to dispense with the barriers and silos that define professional thinking. So the subject matter of the journal will focus on major issues emerging from the development of human settlements in the third millennium. These will of necessity include the disciplines of architecture, planning, landscape architecture and urban design, as well as interpretations of the built environment emerging from urban geography, sociology and political science. In order to support our global vision, we encourage articles and reviews from around the world. In greater detail, we welcome submissions dealing with sustainability, urban form, the urban landscape, design control, community organisation, ethnic architecture, housing for the poor, urban politics and policy, and the design of cities. But in addition to our overall intention to broaden the analysis of settlement form and structure in Indonesia and abroad, we wish to push forward the barriers on significant theory, either in its application or in the discovery of new facts and forms of analysis. In so doing we accept that in the increasingly globalising world of postmodernity, cross disciplinarity is becoming the rule rather than the exception, and that thinking ‘outside the box’ is now a necessary characteristic of this process. Hence submissions which further these ideas will be encouraged in the peer-refereeing process that we will pursue. Under the umbrella of Ruang-Space, we hope to generate a dynamic and interesting vision of the built environment that stands in contrast to journals whose subject matter is contained within a narrow vision of architecture and planning as constraining determinants of social space. While it is our intention to make space available on a continuing basis to a diversity of submissions, as is now the norm we intend to publish occasional ‘themed’ issues that cover particular subjects in significant depth, for example in kampung development, space in traditional societies, the impact of globalisation on local cultures and development control. Additionally, since this journal is being produced by the Masters Program in Architecture at Udayana University in Bali, it is also our intention to use it as a forum for the diversity of problems that now inundate Balinese society, specifically those that affect development and culture as a whole. In the forefront of this debate lies the nemesis of tourism. Its impacts are ubiquitous and variously interpreted on the one hand as destructive of environment and culture yet on the other as a making a massive contribution to the local economy. While Bali’s problems are not original, the island paradise offers a singular laboratory where the conflicts brought by tourism can be studied in significant depth. It is also our intention to generalise our content, not only in subject matter but also in the form in which it is presented. In future issues we will also welcome three other types of submission. First, book reviews (up to 1000 words). Second, viewpoints which provide a new insight or critique of a theory, method, subject matter etc that the author feels is being ignored or is otherwise misinterpreted (1000-2000 words). Third, review articles which not only review a particular book, but cover its history, influences, similar texts and a theoretical critique of content (approx 2-3000 words). We also take this opportunity to welcome our editorial board members, whom we gratefully thank for their participation. We hope that with your support, this journal will achieve its mission to be a medium for communication for new thoughts and study findings in the area of the built environment. Our editorial board includes experts in a variety of fields dealing with the built environment, individuals who have attained great respect in their diverse disciplines, including architecture, urban planning, urban design, political economy, sociology, sustainability, anthropology and history. This first Volume and first issue is opened by Professor Cuthbert who is a distinguished Visiting Professor at our University (Guru Besar Tamu), whose work has had international acclaim in the area of urban design. His article personifies many of the above qualities by offering a new theoretical framework for urban design from within the realm of social theory that he suggests can replace aesthetic and ‘cultural’ interpretations of architecture. This is followed by the second article written by Ni Made Dhina Avianthi Irawan, a civil servant of Ministry of Public Works, Department of Building and Environment in Bali. Dhina discusses the development of Blahkiuh image based on observers experiences and perception. Blahkiuh is classified as a city of class IV status in Bali. The third paper is authored by Ni Made Emmi Nutrisia Dewi, an academic of the Design Institute of Bali. Emmi’s article studies the use of communal spaces of Pedungan Village (Denpasar), and the changes and factors behind them. The fourth article is written by I Made Wirata, a professional architect, and Ngakan Putu Sueca (Professor in the Department of Architecture, Udayana University). It discusses concepts behind the Sasak houses of Segenter Village, North of Lombok. The uniqueness of these settlements is the layout of spaces that relies heavily on the placement of doors and the bale sakanem (building with six structural columns). The fifth article is authored by Dinar Sukma Pramesti, a professional architect. Dinar studies the stilt houses of Loloan community, Jembrana, Bali. She underlines that the form of stilt houses has changed over time in line with various elements including socio-cultural aspects, economic factors, building age, land availability, and occupants' preferences. The sixth article is written by I Nengah Riana, Widiastuti, and Ida Bagus Gde Primayatna, academic staff from the Department of Civil Engineering, National University (Bali) and the Department of Architecture, Udayana University. It examines the conversion of green open spaces, a major problem in Denpasar. The seventh paper is authored by Gusti Ayu Made Suartika. It examines the relevance of multi storey housing in fulfilling the need for affordable houses by low income urban dwellers in Indonesia. Finally, a big thank you to all our contributors, editorial board, production team and publishing staff who have worked faithfully to bring the journal RUANG- SPACE into being.

Abstract Over the last ten years and 1000 pages of text, I outlined a unified field theory which I refer to as The New Urban Design. Possessing the same structure, the three books can be read in series or in parallel, and may best be described as a matrix of possibilities (Cuthbert 2003, 2006, 2011). In this paper I revisit some of the ideas in these texts that need to be more fully developed. Important among them are the undeniable effects of this new field for architecture and urban planning, and an expanded brief on the use of Marxian modes of production to support social analysis in these disciplines. From this perspective we can at least develop some truth as to the historical progress of urban form. In redefining urban design as an independent field, architecture and urban planning subsequently become different regions of thought from what they had previously entertained, namely during the period when they colonised urban design and shared the spoils between them. Extending this argument even further, it is clear that neither discipline, nor the resulting mainstream urban design (i.e. one produced by architects and planners) - have had resort to a social theory of their own existence. All so called theories of architecture and urban planning, have failed with good reason. Architecture has relied almost exclusively on aesthetics and technology for its self awareness. Despite the fact that social theory began to penetrate planning theory in the 1970’s, this did not change the idea that planning can have no internally generated theory other than the trivial, since it is an epiphenomenon of the state. It is not an independent factor in urbanisation, and therefore can have no consciousness of its own that is any more than ideological in the Marxist use of the term. In conclusion, the paper suggests that if the weltanshuung of the New Urban Design is persuasive, this has wide ranging implications for education, practice and the development process at all scales of operation. Keywords: urban design, social theory, mainstream logic, ideology Abstrak Dalam sepuluh tahun terakhir penulis telah memaparkan sebuah kesatuan teori yang direpresentasikan ke dalam 1000 halaman tulisan (tiga buku), yang Penulis pandang sebagai The New Urban Design. Dengan menerapkan struktur yang baru, ketiga buku ini bisa dibaca secara beruntun (seri) maupun secara pararel, dan juga bisa dideskripsikan sebagai matrik yang menawarkan beragam kemungkinan (Cuthbert 2003, 2006, 2011). Dalam paper ini, Penulis meninjau kembali beberapa ide terkait, yang perlu dikaji lebih lanjut. Beberapa hal penting yang perlu digarisbawahi disini adalah, dampak dari kemunculan bidang urban design yang tidak bisa dihindari terhadap dunia kearsitekturan dan urban planning, dan pengenalan lebih lanjut dari penerapan moda-moda produksi sesuai konsepsi Marxisme dalam mendukung analisis sosial berkenaan kedua disiplin ini. Dari perspektif ini, kita, paling tidak bisa membangun kebenaran akan kemajuan historis dari sebuah tatanan perkotaan. Dalam meredefinisikan urban design sebagai disiplin yang independan, arsitektur dan urban planning selanjutnya menjadi bidang yang berbeda dibanding dengan pemahaman kita sebelumnya. Khususnya pada masa-masa dimana arsitektur dan urban planning mendominasi urban design. Melanjutkan argumentasi ini, urban design secara umum (yang didefinisikan oleh para arsitek maupun urban planner) belum memiliki teori-teori sosial yang dibangun berdasarkan keberadaannya. Semua yang disebut dengan teori tentang arsitektur ataupun urban planning telah gagal untuk alasan-alasan tertentu. Arsitektur secara ekslusif bersandar pada estetika dan teknologi untuk kebangkitannya. Meskipun dalam kenyataannya teori-teori sosial telah pada awalnya mempenetrasi teori tentang planning di tahun 1970's, ini tidak merubah ide bahwa planning belum memiliki kemampuan untuk membangun teorinya sendiri secara internal. Ini dikarenakan oleh perencanaan sebagai sebuah epiphenomenon dari negara. Ini bukan faktor independan dalam pertumbuhan sebuah kota, dan sehingga bisa memiliki kesadaran dari dirinya sendiri yang melebihi ideologi dalam konteks pemikiran Marxisme. Sebagai kesimpulan paper ini menyarankan bahwa, jika perspektif dari new urban design sangat persuasif, ini memiliki implikasi terhadap pendidikan, praktek dan proses pembangunan pada beragam skala dan operasionalnya. Kata kunci: perancangan kota, teori sosial, logika, ideologi

Open space is an important element of an urban area as well as to its urban community. It is often a public space whose inherent functions are to accommodate both recreation and relaxation related activities. The provision of public open space is fundamental, not only for these roles but also as part of significant deed in the development of urban character. Taking Taman Indonesia Kaya of Kota Semarang of Java Island in Indonesia, as its case study, this paper goes back to 47 years ago, when this public space was re-made up. Prior to its make-over, this park had been named after Taman Minister Supeno. The park was often associated with negative images which were rather unfortunate, considering its location in the heart of Semarang’s Town Centre. This study aims to examine in depth the basic elements of Taman Indonesia Kaya as a public space. This research implements a qualitative research method supported by field observation and literature review. The transformation of Taman Indonesia Kaya has indeed provided a significant change in its physical quality, which in turn has brought continuous improvement to its capacity to serve public needs. This includes the provision of spatial elements of public space that deliver comfort, relaxation, passive and active engagements, as well as discovery. Although each of these attributes may not be endowed with an individual physical element, the overall functions associated with Taman Indonesia Kaya as a public space is maintained. Keywords: Taman Indonesia Kaya; open space; public space Abstrak Ruang terbuka sebagai salah satu elemen perancangan kota menjadi bagian penting dalam kehidupan masyarakat dalam perannya sebagai ruang rekreasi dan relaksasi. Dengan demikian pemenuhan persyaratan utama sebuah ruang terbuka publik menjadi satu hal yang harus terpenuhi agar ruang tersebut mampu mewadahi aktivitas masyarakat, berkarakter dan berfungsi sebagaimana mestinya. Sejak awal pembangunannya 47 tahun silam, sebelum nama Taman Indonesia Kaya disematkan, Taman Menteri Supeno merupakan salah satu taman kota yang identik dengan citra negatif. Kondisi tersebut sangat disayangkan mengingat lokasinya berada pada jantung Kota Semarang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji kriteria ruang terbuka publik berdasarkan kebutuhan pengguna Taman Indonesia Kaya. Dengan demikian, penelitian ini akan memberikan manfaat berupa gagasan baru dalam peningkatan kualitas Taman Indonesia Kaya melalui pemenuhan kebutuhan dasar pengguna taman. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif yang mendeskripsikan fenomena pada lokasi studi berdasarkan observasi langsung dan studi literatur. Transformasi Taman Menteri Supeno menjadi Taman Indonesia Kaya memberikan perubahan signifikan bagi kualitas fisik ruang terbuka publik yang berdampak pada peningkatan image taman. Kriteria dasar kebutuhan pengguna di ruang terbuka publik; comfort, relaxation, passive engagement, active engagement, dan discovery secara umum telah terpenuhi pada Taman Indonesia Kaya. Meskipun pada area tertentu ditemukan adanya overlapping dua hingga tiga kriteria, kondisi tersebut tidak merubah fungsi utama taman sebagai ruang terbuka publik. Kata kunci: Taman Indonesia Kaya; ruang terbuka; ruang publik

This paper explains the most influential facilities in the hospitality industry particularly restaurant in Jakarta. In recent years, many restaurants compete with each other in order to survive the marketing competition. Furthermore, in this digital era, having good branding on social media will be very helpful in the restaurant business. Social media provides the most effective business marketing for the business, due to its speed and accuracy for targeting the desired market segmentation. Perceiving this potential, the restaurant owners try to build good branding in social media in order to construct the market expectations. Consequently, the physical environment as an atmosphere element in a restaurant is critical to strengthen the restaurant branding on social media. It can improve the quality of the atmosphere produced in order to create a satisfying visiting experience. Therefore, when the expected amount of the visitors is reached, they will be driven to perform social media behavior (word of mouth). This study describes the impact of word of mouth by restaurant visitors on social media created by the quality of atmospheric attributes that will effectively affect the overall branding of the restaurant. In this study, the restaurants with good social media reputation under different characteristics and concept in Jakarta have been selected as the case studies. The aim to select them as case studies is to find a common thread of differences. The hypothesis made of this study is that restaurants with harmonious atmospheric attributes will provide a satisfying experience for visitors which will trigger social media behavior in enhance the branding.

Urban Kampung is an urban area with distinctive characters. The symbols as a poor, dense, and slum area, put the urban kampung as a high priority task for the government to solve. But besides that, the urban kampung demonstrates the capacity of the local community and institutions. Vulnerability aspects embedded with capacity aspects, build configuration that complements one to another, and build the distinctiveness in the context of resilience. As part of the urban area, urban kampung has to bring out its local resilience value to support urban resilience. This paper will provide an analysis of the resilience’s value by measuring the aspects of the communities and institutions of urban kampung in Yogyakarta. This research was conducted by distributing questionnaires that are compiled on a Likert scale in five urban kampungs in Yogyakarta City. The results are analyzed using the Principle Component Analysis (PCA), which will show the genetics distance and the relation between variables of the community aspects and the institutional aspects of the urban kampung. The PCA’s outcome of community and institutional aspects will be useful in designing public spaces in urban kampung as an effort to increase urban resiliency. Keywords: urban kampung; community; institution; resilience; principal component analysis Abstrak Kampung Kota adalah ruang perkotaan yang memiliki karakter yang khas. Simbol miskin, padat dan kumuh membentuk kampung kota menjadi pekerjaan rumah yang harus diselesaikan oleh pemerintah kota. Namun disamping itu, kampung kota hadir dengan kekuatan komunitas dan institusi lokalnya. Aspek-aspek pembentuk kerentanan (vulnerability) berdampingan dengan aspek-aspek pembentuk kapasitas (capacity), saling mengisi dan membentuk kekhasan dalam konteks resiliensi. Sebagai bagian dari wilayah perkotaan, kampung harus menunjukkan nilai seberapa resiliensi aspek-aspek tersebut. Tulisan ini akan memberikan telaah mengenai perhitungan nilai resiliensi aspek komunitas dan institusi kampung kota di Yogyakarta. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menyebar kuestioner yang disusun dengan skala Likert di 5 kampung kota di Yogyakarta. Hasilnya kemudian akan dianalisis dengan Komponen Fundamental (Principal Component Analysis, PCA), yang akan menunjukkan jarak genetika dan relasi antara variabel aspek komunitas dan aspek institusi kampung kota. Temuan komponen fundamental aspek komunitas dan institusi akan bermanfaat dalam mendesain ruang publik dalam kampung kota dalam upaya peningkatan resiliensi kota. Kata kunci: kampung kota; komunitas; institusi; resiliensi; analisis komponen fundamental

Human behaviour is in general influenced by traditions, emotional state, values, ethics, power, persuasion, genetical attributes, and available spaces. This study examines the community behaviour of Nggela Village, an adat-based settlement of Ende Regency. It especially focusses on cultural behaviours in regard to adat rituals of Loka Lolo, Joka Ju, and Lobo Keda. Discussions within relate to the governance of the adat settlemet of Nggela Village which has 17 Mosalaki (adat leader) who occupy 15 adat houses. This study is conducted using a naturalistic approach. It unfolds that human behaviour that determines the pattern of Nggela's traditional settlement has been grounded by the village's historical journey, cosmology, beliefs, collaborative attitude, sacred elements, and social structure. Keywords: behavior, space, adat settlement of Nggela Village Abstrak Perilaku manusia pada umumnya dipengaruhi oleh adat, sikap, emosi, nilai, etika, kekuasaan, persuasi, genetik, dan ketersediaan ruang. Penelitian ini mengkaji perilaku masyarakat pada permukiman adat di Desa Nggela, Kabupaten Ende. Kajiannya difokuskan pada perilaku budaya berkenaan dengan beberapa ritual adat Loka Lolo, Joka Ju, dan Lobo Keda. Diskusi dalam paper ini berkaitan erat dengan tatanan kepemerintahan yang berlaku di desa ini, yang memiliki 17 pemimpin adat yang menempati 15 rumah adat. Penelitian ini menerapkan pendekatan naturalistik. Melalui studi ini ditemukan bahwa perilaku manusia yang menentukan patrun permukiman adat di Desa Nggela didasari oleh perjalanan sejarah kosmologi, kepercayaan, kecenderungan untuk bekerja secara bersama-sama, elemen-element permukiman yang dianggap sakral, dan struktur sosial. Kata kunci: perilaku, ruang, Permukiman Adat Desa Nggela

At present, the view of aesthetics has undergone a shift in line with the aesthetic concepts that have emerged in every era. This aesthetic transformation preserves cultural values in the Millennium Era, following along with the development of performing arts in Indonesia which are also growing. In the production of performing arts there is a need for continuous creativity. Creativity is a very important factor in the life of art, that at least creativity has three benefits: a) enabling humans to provide the strongest response to new situations, b) reacting more strongly to old challenges, c) organizing new situations and giving strong response to it. Creativity allows artists to improve the quality of the presentation of a new and original performance art. This paper is the result of the Research of the Consortium in the field of Art by raising three cultural phenomena that exist in the archipelago, namely Papua, Sunda, and Aceh. The structure of these three territorial territories is a name of virtual reality that is typical of PASUA's Augmented Reality (AR) (Papua-Sunda-Aceh) Performance Arts (PA) 4.0. An augmented reality real time synchronization in the creation of performance art 4.0. which describes the cycle of human life symbolized by the Sun. Beginning with the sun rising in Papua, it then shines on the land of Parahyangan, Sunda and finally sets in Aceh, the Veranda of Mecca.

The village of Bayung Gede is a mountain village (± 800-900 M asl) in Kintamani Subdistrict, Bangli Regency, and one of the traditional villages that have uniqueness in its architecture. The traditional house in Bayung Gede Village is not only a multifunctional dwelling, but also has aesthetic value, philosophy, and representation of the simple life of its inhabitants. The aesthetics seem simple, but they contain philosophical values in every detail. The use of natural materials such as wood and bamboo are abundant in the village environment affect the appearance of architectural form, while the shape will affect the appearance of aesthetic build. The purpose of this paper is to uncover the aesthetics of traditional houses in the village of Bayung Gede, within the framework of philosophy concept studies underlying the embodiment of the aesthetic aspect of architecture. The purpose of the study is, a proposition about the effort of appreciation and enrichment of Traditional Balinese Architecture, as one element of national/regional cultural identity. The method used is descriptive-naturalistic, which is a way to find and understand the values owned by society in accordance with the structure of components in the architecture. The conclusion of the research, that the essence of a work of architecture contains social functions and aesthetic rules, is a supernatural power that is incarnate, as a realized idea, the devotion to God, the means of continuity of tradition, as a form of creativity, and as a means of recreation . This is apparent in the aesthetic philosophy of a traditional house in Bayung Gede Village. Keywords: aesthetics, philosophy, traditional Balinese architecture, traditional house Abstrak Desa Bayung Gede merupakan desa pegunungan (±800-900 M dpl) di Kecamatan Kintamani, Kabupaten Bangli, serta salah satu desa tradisional yang memiliki keunikan dalam arsitekturnya. Rumah di Desa Bayung Gede merupakan tempat beraktivitas juga menjadi simbol yang khas dari masyarakatnya. Rumah tradisional di Desa Bayung Gede tidak hanya sebagai hunian yang multifungsi, melainkan juga memiliki nilai estetika, filosofi, dan representasi kehidupan sederhana penduduknya. Estetikanya nampak sederhana, namun mengandung nilai-nilai filosofi pada setiap detailnya. Topografi di daerah pegunungan dan pemakaian bahan alam seperti kayu dan bambu yang banyak terdapat di lingkungan desa mempengaruhi tampilan bentuk arsitekturnya, sedangkan bentuk akan mempengaruhi tampilan estetika bangunanannya. Maksud penulisan adalah untuk mengungkap estetika rumah tinggal tradisional di Desa Bayung Gede, dalam kerangka studi konsep filosofi yang melatari perwujudan hadirnya aspek estetika arsitekturnya. Tujuan penelitian adalah, sebuah proposisi tentang upaya penghargaan serta pengayaan khasanah Arsitektur Tradisional Bali, selaku salah satu unsur jati diri kebudayaan daerah/nasional. Metoda yang dipergunakan adalah deskriptif-naturalistik, yaitu suatu cara untuk mencari dan memahami nilai-nilai yang dimiliki oleh masyarakat sesuai dengan struktur komponen pada arsitektur. Kesimpulan penelitian adalah, bahwa hakikat suatu karya arsitektur mengandung fungsi-fungsi sosial dan kaidah estetika, merupakan kekuatan adikodrati yanng menjelma, sebagai ide yang terwujud, bakti kepada Tuhan, kesinambungan tradisi, wujud kreativitas, dan sebagai sarana bersenang. Hal tersebut nampak pada filsafat estetika rumah tradisional di Desa Bayung Gede. Kata Kunci: estetika, filosofi, arsitektur tradisional Bali, rumah tradisional

This paper investigates the impacts of the so called community-based tourist development in Bungaya Settlement, a traditional village of Karangasem Regency of Bali Province. It seeks to answer two research questions: 1) how has tourism affected the function of homes in Bungaya?; and 2) what are the dominant forces determining the evolution of homes in Bungaya?. In doing so, the author exercises her understanding of the tourist industry as well as her thorough comprehension of home as a form of shelters and a base for income generation. A mixed qualitative and quantitative research approaches were used, in which on-site observations and interviews were employed for data collection. The study finds many homes have been spatially and architecturally reconfigured to accommodate needs resulted from the community-based tourist development. These reconfigurations are brought by the emergence of new functions and spaces that need to be accommodated by a home; makeover of the outer facades of many homes; resizing of buildings exist within; amendment on the layout of a home; and the use of more updated building materials. Since level of changes varies from one home to another, the study classifies three types of modifications, which are: low, medium and high level. Major driving forces for these levels of modifications and where they take place include: the need for new tourist amenities; requirement to enhance the attractiveness of Bungaya Settlement as a tourist destination; level of accessibility that of each home has to the tourists; and how Bungaya's development has been planned and governed. Keywords: change, function, settlement, tourism, Bungaya Village

Historical buildings frequently appear distinctive in their architectural style and ornament. These buildings have an emotional impact and forms of association to eye-witnesses. While such distinction is apparent in day-time, after dark, artificial lighting plays a critical role in conserving and transforming images. The study explores the visual qualities of historical buildings in Simpang Lima, Semarang: Lawang Sewu Building, Wisma Perdamaian, and Mandala Bhakti Museum. As landmarks of the city of Semarang, historical buildings in this area have a variety of artificial lighting systems imposed on their facade. The following paper compares building visual qualities around Simpang Lima over a 24 hour period regarding the subjective perception of the viewer. The overall impression was that significant degradation of visual quality occurred at night across all subjects. Therefore, lighting systems – lighting techniques, luminance level and choice of light colour – have played an important role in reducing the visual quality of historical buildings. Observations are made as to how this situation could be improved. Keywords: visual quality, artificial lighting, the area of Simpang Lima Semarang

The development of Manado City reflects modern life in urban areas, particularly population growth, massive development and the dynamics of various activities. These qualities bring changes in the use of space in urban environmental functions and changes in city characteristics and developments. Hence deterioration in the quality and image of the city is usually unavoidable. Therefore it is necessary to anticipate change and plan the protection of environmental assets that are recognized as urban heritage. Manado City has a rich catalogue of buildings and historic areas that need to be understood and acknowledged as such. In the context of historic areas of a city the conservation and preservation of buildings and spaces is universally recognized, and this paper evaluates such historic sites in Manado. Research variables include buildings and spaces which reflect cultural and historic value. Qualitative methodology is applied, using photography (visual recording and documentation); in-depth interviews and the recorded perceptions of local people in Manado City. Results demonstrate that few buildings and historical sites which have been identified in this research have been protected. Several important historic buildings go unrecognized by local government, and consequently there is a lack of action in preserving the city’s urban artefacts and historic sites. Keywords: heritage building, historical sites, urban heritage, preservation, conservation, Manado

Scour at the unpaved shoulder of the road is an interesting phenomenon that needs to be furtherlyinvestigated. This paper presents the scour pattern on the unpaved shoulder of the road for 5 samples with 3 variations of soil type. Each sample was tested using models of the body and the shoulder of the road in accordance with conditions on the field, which is simulated using a variation of the transverse slope of the road, the longitudinal slope, and rainfall intensity. The experimental results showed that the sandy soil provides smaller damage than the inorganic clay and silt inorganic.

As part of the built environment, human settlements are not singularly about physical forms. They also offer a much deeper denotation to non-physical elements. Physical formations often deliver messages reflecting values and meanings that are invisible, but well imbedded within. Taking these circumstances as its context of study, this paper concentrates on how social systems are represented in the spatial settings of a human settlement and its built forms. It chooses Trunyan Village as its case study. This is one among many Bali Aga settlements found in Bali Island, which is located on the shore of Lake Batur. As the case of other Bali Aga communities, Trunyan offers a pre-Majapahit civilization. Using qualitative approaches, this study reveals that the overall physical layout of this settlement is governed by a concept of luan-teben (upstream-downstream) and a specific concept of north, east, south, and west that has no bearing to cardinal compass points. North-south orientation is held in a more prominent manner than that of east-west. They believe that north (hulu/luan) is where the mountain stands (referred to Abang Mountain which stands on the eastern side of this village. South direction (teben) is where water lays (referred to Lake Batur, which lays to the west side of Trunyan). Spatial formation of homes within this settlement is an expression of a virilocal kinship, in which marriages between members of a clan (dadia) is a must. Homes of families that belong to one dadia will be placed in a tight zone. They therefore live in a close distance from one family to another. Further spatial arrangements of the whole settlement are explained in the text.Keywords: representation, settlement, community social system, Trunyan Village Bangli

Desa Pengotan, merupakan salah satu desa pegunungan di Kabupaten Bangli, yang telah ada sebelum masuknya pengaruh Majapahit ke Bali. Masyarakat Pengotan memiliki atribut-atribut unik yang membedakannya dengan desa-desa lain. Dalam mengeksplorasi fitur-fitur penting dari permukiman Bali Aga Pengotan, studi ini menginvestigasi elemen-elemen fisik dari rumah yang menjadi elemen utama komunitas ini, yaitu yang berkenaan dengan: 1). Bentuk; 2).Tata ukuran; 3). Bahan, warna dan tekstur; 4). Struktur/konstruksi; dan 5). Ragam hias. Penelitian dilakukan dengan observasi langsung ke lapangan yang didukung dengan pendataan melalui proses interview. Temuan utama penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pola desa bertahan pada layout awal. Namun, banyak rumah yang tidak terurus dan mulai hancur, karena mereka tidak tinggal di dalamnya. Makna serta arti penting rumah ini bagi masyarakat Pengotan sangat diakui, khususnya ketika diselenggarakannya upacara ritual maupun beragam kegiatan kemasyarakatan lainnya. Perlu dilakukan studi khusus bagaimana keberadaan rumah ini bisa dilestarikan, yang merupakan tujuan akhir dari penulisan paper ini. Kata kunci: perkembangan, tatanan spasial, keunikan, morfologi desa, Bali Aga

Tulisan ini mengangkat figur gendut sebagai ide dasar penciptaan seni lukis dengan menggunakan gaya pop surealisme. Penggabungan antara daya imajinasi tentang figur gendut dengan berbagai permasalahan yang bisa diangkat dari figur merupakan sebuah jalan dalam menciptakan karya-karya yang unik, terkadang satir, serta jenaka. Bentuk-bentuk kartunal yang digunakan dalam membuat figur gendut dan figur-figur lainnya merupakan satu tujuan khusus agar karya yang disampaikan memiliki unsur yang informatif terhadap para apresian. Menjadi gendut bagi setiap manusia yang mengalaminya sebenarnya bukan sebuah keinginan. Melalui berbagai perjalanan masa atau era yang bergulir hingga saat ini, persoalan tentang tubuh telah menuju pada bentuk yang indah dan ideal. Kecantikan dan ketampanan pada saat ini juga diukur pada orang-orang yang memiliki bentuk tubuh yang “normal” dan ramping. Bagi orang-orang yang memiliki kelebihan berat badan, tentunya jika diukur pada hal tersebut sangatlah tidak cocok. Figur gendut saat ini seperti diposisikan pada ruang yang sulit untuk mengeluarkan rasa percaya dirinya dalam menampik tentang apa yang diungkapkan di atas. Faktor kaum kapitalis dalam mendorong hadirnya pemikiran baru untuk hidup sehat tanpa menjadi gendut, juga semakin mengecilkan semangat orang-orang yang bertubuh gendut. Jika dilihat dari segi kesehatan, mungkin gendut terkesan seperti orang yang suka tidur, malas bekerja, dan sebagainya. Gendut berbeda dengan obesitas, karena obesitas merupakan penyakit kelebihan lemak di atas rata-rata yang membuat tubuh tak mampu mencerna makanan dalam berskala besar serta asupan makanan yang dikonsumsinya memiliki kalori yang sangat besar, sedangkan gendut merupakan kelebihan berat badan. Di sisi lain gendut memiliki banyak kelebihan yang berguna dalam memajukan hidupnya dan mewujudkan cita-citanya. The Images of Pop Surealism: Fat Figures on Painting. This paper elevates the fat figures as the basic idea of painting creation by using pop surrealism style. The merging of the imagination of the fat figure with the various problems that can be lifted from the figure is a way to create unique works, sometimes satire, and funny. The cartoonous forms used in making fat figures and other figures are a special purpose for the work being delivered to have an informative element on the apresians. Being overweight for every human being is absolutely not anyone’s desires. Through a variety of era of the rolling period to the present time, a matter of the body shape has led to a beautiful and ideal shape. Nowdays, beauty and good looks are a standard measured for people with "normal" and slim body. For people who are overweight, of course, this standard is not suitable. The current fat figure is positioned in a space where it is difficult to expend his confidence in dismissing what is described above. The capitalist factor encourages the emergence of new ideas for healthy living without becoming fat, also further discourages the people of the fat body. Being viewed in terms of health, the obese people seem like those who like to sleep, lazy to work, and so forth. Fat is different from obesity, because obesity is a disease of excess fat above the average that makes the body is unable to digest food in a large scale and intake of food has a very large calories, while the fat is overweight. On the other hand, fat has many useful advantages in advancing his life and realize his ideals.

Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menyanggah argumentasi Roger Scruton mengenai keabsahan nilai seni dari sebuah foto. Scruton berpendapat bahwa fotografi bukanlah karya seni. Fotografi hanyalah sebuah tindakan mekanis dalam menghasilkan suatu gambar, bukan representasi melainkan hanyalah peristiwa kausal, bukan gambaran imajinasi, tetapi hanya kopian. Fotografi mengandaikan adanya kemudahan dalam penciptaan seni. Pernyataan Scruton semakin dikuatkan dengan fenomena perkembangan teknologi yang sudah melupakan sisi estetis dan hanya berpasrah sepenuhnya pada tindakan mesin. Penekanan berlebihan terhadap keunggulan reduplikasi, proses instan, dan otomatisasi fotografi membuat fotografi kehilangan tempatnya di dunia seni. Akan tetapi, persoalan seni adalah persoalan rasa. Fotografi tetaplah sebuah seni dengan melihat adanya relasi intensional yang tercipta antara objek dan seorang fotografer dalam sebuah foto. Relasi intensional ini tercermin dalam proses, imajinasi, dan kreativitas fotografer di dalam menghasilkan sebuah foto. Lukisan dan fotografi adalah seni menurut rasanya masing-masing. Photography is an Art: A Disaproval towards Roger Scruton's Analysis on the Legitimacy of Art Value of a Photograph. This paper aims to disprove Roger Scruton's argument about the validity of the artistic value of a photograph. Scruton argues that photography is not a work of art. Photography is simply a mechanical action in producing a picture, not a representation but merely a causal event, not an imaginary image, but only a copy. Photography presupposes the ease of art creation. Scruton's statement is further reinforced by the phenomenon of technological development that has forgotten the aesthetic side and only entirely devoted to the action of the machine. The excessive emphasis on the benefits of reduplication, instant processing, and photographic automation makes photography lose its place in the art world. However, the issue of art is a matter of taste. Photography remains an art by seeing the intense relationships created between an object and a photographer in a photograph. This intense relationship is reflected in the process, imagination, and creativity of the photographer in producing a photograph. Painting and photography are arts according to their own taste.

The energy crisis and the damage to the natural environment encouraged public awareness for the preservation of nature in addition to pay more attention to the welfare of mankind. Sustainable development with architecture in it developed into an important issue in recent decades. Wisdom in the culture of the archipelago can be a role model in tackling the crisis. Badui community is a bit of a tribe that still retains its cultural traditions closely until now. The tradition of the Badui community living utmost respect and preservation of nature where they live. Using natural resources in a selective; appropriate technology; restrictions and strict rules generate a culture living in harmony with nature. A science that needs to be studied, imitated and developed to address modern challenges. This paper aims to assess the alignment of the Badui community living tradition with the characteristics of Sustainable Architecture.

This paper investigated how much the public's willingness to pay (WTP) for the cost of public water supply services (PDAM) in Pekanbaru City. This research also projected how much urban water demand of this city for period of 2014-2032. This study divided samples into two categories, namely (i) middle and high income society, and (ii) low income one. These categories were based on the type of house ownership, and the percentage of low income family in this city This research obtained two main factors affected to the WTP for public water services (Y), such as; (i) the number of family members (X1), and (ii) the amount of family income (X2). The equation formula of Y = -677.816 + 12934.502 X1 + 0.012 X2. The average publics willingness to connect to PDAM for the middle and high income society was 62.13% and for the lower class was 44.44%.There was a trend that the middle and high incomes societys water demand was relatively higher than that the lower one. The amount of water tariffs for middle and high income class society was at the average of Rp.6.615 / m3, and Rp.4.971/m3 for the lower income one. This tariff was higher than the average tariff in 2014 (Rp. 3,300 / m3). The water supply capacity in 2014 was estimated to 620 l/sec, and it was projected that water demand in 2032 will increase to 3,946 l/sec (three folds).

Yogyakarta are situated in the zone with high potential of seismicity. Based on Indonesia map seismicity area, it categorized in a seismic zone 4. The secondary effect of this earthquake phenomena is a soll settlement due to of decreasng of void volume of soil mass. Based on these issues, the foundation system of building is the primary factor which must be considered. This paper revealed the comparation of foundation behavior due to static by using Poulos Method and PLAXS 2D. Pile-raft designed by Poulos method was chosen as a subject of research. Analysis of liquefaction potential, soil settlement, carrying capacity, and the safety factor was analyzed by using CYCLIC 1D, 2D PLAXIS and Methods Poulus. For analysis by the Poulus method reached a soil settelement 4.3 cm and a safety factor 10.76. While by using PLAXIS 2D obtained 0.30 cm and 2,088 for soil settlement and safety factor respectively. Furthermore, a seismic motion of 9.2 scale of Richter mgnitude are injected into analysis resistance of foundation.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat dan memahami perubahan yang terjadi dalam seni lukis Bali sejak adanya Kelompok Pita Maha. Konsep mengenai seni lukis modern di Indonesia mempunyai perbedaan sejarah, baik dalam bentuk maupun isi, dengan wacana seni lukis modern di Barat yang monolinier-universalis-rasionalis. Wacana seni lukis modern yang menggejala di Indonesia (termasuk Bali) hadir melalui intervensi asing (penjajahan). Wacana seni lukis modern secara bersamaan telah meminggirkan seni-seni lain yang tidak memenuhi kriteria-kriteria “modern”. Seni di luar kriteria modern kemudian disebut sebagai seni tradisi yang mempersempit dan mengecilkan keberadaannya. Sejarah perkembangan seni lukis di Bali menarik untuk dikaji karena terdapat pola yang khas karena warisan-warisan seni pada masa lalu masih terus hadir dalam seni lumkis masa kini. Tulisan ini tidak akan mempertentangkan antara seni lukis tradisi dengan seni lukis modern. Tulisan ini membahas pengaruh Kelompok Pita Maha terhadap modernisasi dalam seni lukis Bali. Data dikaji secara secara deskriptif-analitis dengan pendekatan sosio-historis mengenai perubahan-perubahan yang terjadi dalam seni lukis Bali dari tatanan seni lukis prakolonial menjadi tatanan seni lukis Bali masa kini. Pita Maha Group: The Motion Towards the Balinese Modern Paintings. The concept of modern painting in Indonesia has different histories, both in the form and content, with the discourse of modern painting in the West which is monolinier-universal-rationale. The discourse of modern painting implicated in Indonesia (including Bali) presents through colonization. Modern art at the same time has marginalized other arts that do not fullfill modern criteria. Art, outside the criteria of modern art is called as an traditional art that narrowed and lowered its existence. It is interesting to make a research about the development of painting history in Bali because there is a unique pattern showing the artistic legacy of the past which still presents in nowadays art. This paper will not focus on polarizing between traditional and modern painting. It is interesting to discuss it more descriptive-analytically with the social-historis approach on how the changes happened in Balinese painting of pre-colonial art to modern Balinese paintings of which the other one is the presence of the Pita Maha.

Pull traffic that occurs in complex Paragon Mall affect parking demand in these locations. For that we need research to obtain data - data that is requirsed by way of observations of drivers and parking attendants. The intent and purpose of this paper is to get the amount of traffic traveling tug toward Paragon Mall shopping complex and to determine parking demand at Paragon Mall shopping complex. Furthermore, based on the data that has been obtained so that data processing is done to obtain the desired result of which the accumulated maximum parking, towing trips, towing traffic, parking demand factors. From the calculation it is known that the maximum accumulation occurs on a Saturday, which is 173 to 295 types of automobiles and vehicle type motorcycle. Pull the whole trip occurred on Sunday at 4.76 people/100m2 Floor Area Groos. The amount of traffic tug Day on Saturday by 219 smp / hour for this type of car and 108 smp / hour for this type of motorcycle. Thus Paragon Mall has considerable pull the trip and have enough parking area where the number of plots for the car park as many as 260 plots for motorcycle parking and 800 parking plots.

Tulisan ini membahas perkembangan tepak kendang jaipongan karya Suwanda dilihat dari kontinuitas dan perubahannya terutama yang terjadi dalam masyarakat urban. Metode deskriptif analisis dengan pendekatan sejarah digunakan untuk mengungkap berbagai fenomena tepak kendang jaipongan, yaitu hadirnya notasi yang dibuat oleh para pengendang dan perubahan tepak kendang jaipongan dalam struktur, tempo, dinamika, embat, motif, serta fungsi. Berdasarkan hasil analisis dapat disimpulkan bahwa tepak kendang jaipongan karya Suwanda pada perkembangannya ditanggapi secara kreatif oleh para pengendang melalui kreativitasnya. Oleh karena itu, terdapat perbedaan motif tepak kendang antara hasil rekaman Suwanda di dalam kaset dengan fakta di lapangan ketika digunakan oleh para pengendang. Hal ini menyebabkan terjadinya perubahan dan kepunahan beragam tepak kendang jaipongan karya Suwanda di masyarakat. The Development and Changes of Suwanda’s Tepak Kendang Jaipongan in UrbanSociety. This paper discusses the development of Suwanda’s tepak kendang jaipongan,drumming strokes of jaipongan, seen from its continuity and changes, particularly forwhat has been found in urban society. The descriptive analysis method with historicalapproach is used to explore any various kind of phenomenon of drumming strokes ofjaipongan, among others are the presence of jaipongan notation created by the drummersas well as the changes in the structure of drumming strokes of jaipongan, tempo,dynamics, embat, motifs, and function. Based on the analysis it can be concluded that theSuwanda’s drumming strokes of jaipongan in its progress has been creatively respondedby the drummers through their creativity. Therefore, there is a significant differencebetween the motives of Suwanda’s drumming strokes recorded on tape with the facts oflive performance when they are used by the drummers. This led to the change and the extinction of various Suwanda’s jaipongan drumming strokes in the community.

Organisasi Kesehatan Dunia (World Health Organization-WHO) di dalam laporannya di tahun 2014 mencatat bahwa di tahun 2012 penyakit kanker telah menjadi penyebab kematian dari 8.2 juta orang. Angka ini kemungkinan jauh lebih rendah dari kenyataannya, mengingat pelayanan medis belum menjangkau sebagian besar penduduk dunia. Berjuta-juta kasus kemungkinan juga tidak terdata keberadaannya. WHO juga merekam adanya 14 juta penderita kanker di tahun yang sama. Jumlah ini diprediksi akan meningkat 70 persen dalam kurun waktu dua puluh tahun ke depan. Organisasi ini tidak bisa menggambarkan bagaimana berbahayanya penyakit ini. Kanker adalah salah satu penyakit yang kompleks yang diinisiasi oleh terjadinya kontak antara tubuh manusia dengan beragam wujud karsinogen (racun), yang mungkin saja terjadi secara alamiah, melalui makanan, atau karena kebiasaan yang menjadi pilihan seseorang secara pribadi, seperti misalnya merokok. Menurut WHO, kontak manusia dengan karsinogen bisa terjadi secara langsung maupun tidak langsung, dalam wujud interaksi fisik (sinar ultraviolet), kimia (zat kimia dalam asap rokok), dan biologis (virus). Walau kita tidak bisa menunjukan penyebab tunggal terjadinya kanker, kontak seseorang dengan bahan atau zat beracun berkaitan erat dengan kualitas lingkungan dimana yang bersangkutan tinggal. Ini menyiratkan bahwa lingkungan harus direncanakan serta dibangun berdasarkan strategi yang berorientasikan pada ide ''anti-kanker.' Sikap ini wajib diambil sebagai bagian penting dari keseluruhan perubahan yang seyogyanya dilaksanakan terhadap lingkungan binaan. Kebijakan dan parktek yang bernafaskan konsepsi ini harus dilaksanakan secara simultan dalam setiap kesempatan dan pada setiap elemen kota. Komponen spasial yang paling penting diperhatikan pada konteks ini termasuk lingkungan perumahan; ruang-ruang kecil dimana kita memarkir kendaraan; taman-taman kota dimana kita memanfaatkan waktu bersama keluarga di akhir pekan; jalan yang kita lewati dalam keseharian; infrastruktur sosial dimana kita berada untuk berbagai kepentingan; ruang publik dimana penduduk kota berinteraksi sebagai sebuah kesatuan komunitas. Bebargai bahaya akan muncul ketika pemanfaatan lingkungan binaan (baik yg ditata maupun tidak), bersama dengan pola tingkah laku warga masyarakat perkotaan, telah memaksa kita menghirup udara yang terpolusi; meminum air yang terkontaminasi; menderita karena taman-taman kota telah disusupi kendaraan bermotor yang menyebabkan terbuangnya gas finil hidrocarbon ke dalam taman. Ruang terbuka ini seharusnya terbebas dari segala wujud gas beracun; meminum air tanah yang dikontaminasi oleh polutan yang dibuang secara sembarangan oleh beragam industri. Kontaminasi ini juga telah merambah ke air yang dimanfaatkan untuk produksi bahan pangan yang kita konsumsi dalam keseharian. Namun, tidak bisa dipungkiri jika keberadaan penyakit kanker pada tubuh seseorang juga tergantung dari gaya hidup yang dijalaninya. Ini berkaitan dengan bagaimana dan kapan kita makan; bagaimana pola istirahat (tidur) yang dimiliki; bagaimana seseorang mengontrol kondisi kesehatan psikologisnya; bagaimana kita bergerak dari satu tempat ke tempat satunya, dan lain-lain. Tetapi ketika kita berkeinginan untuk menangani permasalahan ini secara benar dari kaca mata pengaturan lingkungan binaan, kita harus mempertanyakan "Bisakah perencanaan berkontribusi dalam menciptakan lingkungan yang sehat?" Jika jawabannya adalah "ya," maka metode analisis, kebijakan, cara implementasi dan pengendaliannya, juga harus ditetapkan, jika memang belum ada. Dalam teorinya perencanaan didedikasikan untuk kebaikan masyarakat yang diaturnya, termasuk status kesehatan mereka. Namun di dalam prakteknya, kita harus awas, karena perencanaan merupakan sebuah mekanisme kenegaraan yang kemunculannya seringkali merupakan hasil koalisi dengan para pemilik modal. Seperti diketahui bersama, bisnis (kepentingan ekonomi) lebih sering keluar sebagai pemenang dibanding kebutuhan orang banyak. Namun ketika lingkungan tercemari, bisa dipastikan jika perencanaan memiliki peran serta tanggung jawab yang mutlak. Atau secara gamblang bisa dinyatakan perencanaan tidak melakukan tugas yang seharusnya diembannya. Situasi ini bisa disebabkan oleh beragam alasan, misalnya kurangnya sumber daya finansial; praktek-praktek korupsi dalam proses pengeluaran ijin membangun ataupun ijin operasional lainnya; minimnya pengaturan serta pengendalian; absennya pengaturan densitas (kepadatan) di daerah; tata aturan zonasi yang selalu memberi peluang untuk negosiasi dan tawar-menawar; tidak tepatnya kebijakan yang diberlakukan; tidak adanya perhatian terhadap praktek-praktek perencanaan yang sudah dibuktikan keberhasilannya dan sudah diterapkan di level gobal. Perlu juga dipahami disini jika masyarakat bukan selalu objek pasif. Mereka memiliki pilihan dan bisa memilih. Apakah mereka memilih untuk mengekspose dirinya terhadap beragam polutan? Atau kemungkinan sebagian dari mereka memang tidak memiliki pilihan, selain menerima polusi lingkungan sebagai bagian dari kehidupan kesehariannya. Atau kelompok yang lain lagi memutuskan untuk membuat pilihan, bagaimana berhadapan dengan polutan serta menghindari interaksi dengan cara apapun. Berbagai kota di dunia telah memberi perhatian besar terhadap pembangunan lingkungan yang sehat. Sikap ini secara mendasar merupakan langkah yang tepat, termasuk juga jika dikaji dari perspektif bisnis (ekonomi). Transportasi yang bersih dan efisien serta perencanaan yang sudah mapan, selain berdampak positif terhadap elemen-elemen kota juga akan mendorong pertumbuhan ekonomi. Oleh karenanya, di negara-negara maju, pola pendekatan semacam ini telah diakomodasi sebagai elemen esensial dan diterima sebagai bagian dari kebijakan perencanaan, serta diprioritaskan sebelum pertimbangan-pertimbangan lainnya. Proses globalisasi yang telah menjadi motor kemunculan dari ‘informational class of labour’ (Castells) atau yang disebut sebagai the 'creative class’ oleh Richard Florida, telah secara jelas mengindikasikan ke kita bahwa kota-kota yang memberi perhatian terhadap lingkungan dan pelestarian kebudayaan menunjukan kesusksesan dalam pembangunannya, sedangkan yang tidak melakukannya berada pada posisi yang sebaliknya. Tidak ada satupun orang di muka bumi ini yang berkeinginan bekerja di lingkungan yang kotor dan terpolusi. Jika sebuah satuan kedaerahan mencanangkan untuk mengundang para pekerja yang berkulitas, rencana ini akan sangat tergantung dari tersedianya lingkungan yang berkualitas, selain adanya proses branding yang menjadi bagian penting dalam berkompetisi di dunia global. Dalam hal ini, beragam pertimbangan penting yang akan berpengaruh, seperti misalnya: dimanakah funsi-fungsi industri akan ditempatkan sehingga karsinogen yang diproduksi akan diserap secara internal dan tidak dibuang ke tanah, udara, dan air yang menjadi sumber kehidupan bagi kita semua?; dimanakah rumah masa dpean akan dilokasikan?; dimana infrastruktur sosial: rumah sakit, sekolah, kantor-kantor publik, dan lain-lain akan direncanakan?; Kapankah pengaturan dan pengendalian kendaraan bermotor akan diimplementasikan, seperti halnya yang sudah diterapkan di berbagai kota di dunia?; Kapankah tata aturan di jalan raya, pemanfaatan jalan raya oleh para pengendara dengan cara yang seolah-olah tidak ada aturan, parkir yang tidak terkontrol, serta pelanggaran-pelanggaran lainnya akan dikendalikan seperti halnya proses pengecekan surat ijin mengemudi? Jawaban atas pertanyaan-pertanyaan di atas tidak hanya berkenaan dengan pembangunan serta penataan keruangan fisik semata, tetapi membutuhkan perencanaan yang inklusif yang juga secara bersamaan merangkul pendekatan tingkah laku. Konsepsi terakhir ini sangatlah penting karena kualitas sebuah tempat tidak bisa dipisahkan, baik dari gaya hidup masyarakat lokal yang diakmodasinya maupun komunitas internasional yang menjadi salah satu faktor penentu, khususnya dalam peran mereka sebagai penyedia sumber daya finansial dan investasi. Selain itu, perencanaan semacam ini tidak bisa jika hanya difokuskan pada usaha pengimplementasian pemerintahan kota yang ketat, tetapi juga perlu diatur secara hukum. Dengan kata lain, mekanismenya harus dilengkapi dengan sanksi-sanksi yang jelas, bagaiman pelanggaran yang kemungkinan terjadi akan ditindak. Semua proposisi yang diajukan disini bersifat nyata dan sangat memungkinkan untuk dilaksanakan, dan bukan sesuatu yang hanya bisa digambarkan sebagai angan-angan semata. Dalam edisi Jurnal Ruang-Space ini, dipublikasi 7 artikel. Artikel pertama oleh Wahyudi Arimbawa, yang membicarakan tentang peranan yang berpotensi untuk diampu oleh desa adat dalam mengendalikan pemanfaatan lahan di Desa Jatiluwih. Tujuan akhir studi adalah membangun sistem pengelolaan tataguna lahan untuk desa ini. Artikel kedua ditulis oleh Anak Agung Gde Sutrisna, yang mengevaluasi bagaimana bhisama kesucian pura - kebijakan lokal yang mengatur pembangunan di zona lindung di sekitar pura - telah dilanggar, khususnya dalam kasus Pura Dang Kahyangan di area pariwisata Kuta Selatan, Kabupaten Badung-Bali. Artikel ini juga menginvestigasi dampak positif dan negatif dari beragam pelanggaran yang terjadi. Artikel ketiga disusun oleh Anak Agung Aritama, yang mendiskusikan keberadaan media penanda yang tidak terkendalikan dan telah merusak image kota, seperti yang terjadi di sepanjang Koridor Jalan Hayam Wuruk, Kota Denpasar. Artikel ini fokus pada pemahaman faktor-faktor yang berkontribusi dalam pemunculan permasalahan ini. Artikel keempat disusun oleh Agus Dharmaputra, yang berjalan beriringan dengan ide pengaturan pembangunan fungsi komersial di kota. Sebagai langkah awal, artikel ini menstudi beragam pertimbangan yang diterapkan sebelum lokasi sebuah minimarket (studi kasus yang diambil)- bisa difinalisasi oleh pelaku bisnis, dan juga sebelum berkas ijin mendirikan bangunan diajukan ke pemerintah. Artikel kelima ditulis oleh Doddy Kastamayasa, sebuah studi tentang layout keruangan Banjar Ujung, sebuah kampung nelayan yang terletak di Kabupaten Karangasem, bagian timur Bali, pasca diterpanya komunitas ini oleh beragam bencana alam. Permukiman ini telah mengalami kerusakan, dampak dari meletusnya Gunung Agung di tahun 1963, dan bencana erosi serta abrasi dalam kurun waktu tiga tahun, dari tahun 1997 sampai dengan 1999. Artikel keenam ditulis oleh Anak Agung Mahendra berkenaan dengan konservasi ruang publik, salah satu potensi pengembangan industri kepariwisataan di Desa Kendran, Kabupaten Gianyar. Desa ini ditunjuk sebagai salah satu destinasi wisata desa, proposisi yang disambut dengan antusiasme tinggi oleh Kabupaten Gianyar. Artikel terakhir disusun oleh Ngakan Juliastika, yang mendiskusikan tentang permasalahan terkait pembangunan perumahan oleh para pengembang, dengan memprioritaskan keuntungan ekonomi di atas konformansi terhadap tata aturan yang ada. Beranjak dari situasi ini, penulis merangkum tujuh set strategi penting yang telah diterapkan oleh para pengembang, dan diimplementasikan dalam tujuh kasus pembangunan perumahan yang berbeda. In its 2014 report, the World Health Organisation (WHO) stated that cancers had been responsible for the death of 8.2 million people in 2012. This is probably a massive underestimation, since poverty and medical services are not available to a multitude of people. Millions of cases therefore are likely to go unrecorded. There were 14 million new cases encountered in the same year. This United Nations Agency cannot see this figure reducing any time soon. The number is instead forecast to climb by 70% in twenty years time. While this agency cannot sufficiently stress how life threathening cancer is, nonetheless it is a complex medical condition whose origin can be traced to human exposure to carcinogens, some environmental, some dietary, and some self inflicted such as smoking. In its report, the WHO states that cancer is a result of an excessive exposure to three forms of poisons, both directly and indirectly, including physical, chemical and biological carcinogens. While one cannot determine a singular cause, human contact with those carcinogens is undoubtedly associated with the quality of the environment people inhabit. This implies at least in part, that any environmentally generated cancers must be addressed and overcome by incorporating anti-cancer strategies. These represent essential practice as part of the totality of existing and planned changes to the built environment. Both policies and practices should be rigorously implemented at all scales and urban forms. This of course includes most importantly the immediate environment of housing –the ancillary spaces where we park our cars; spend our family time over the weekend; the roads we commute on daily, the social infrastructures we inhabit for various reasons, and the public spaces where we interact with other members of the community. The danger begins when the organisation of this living environment, together with the patterns of individual behaviour associated with it, forces us to breath polluted air; to drink contaminated water; to suffer the encroachment into public parks by vehicles contributing cancerous phenyl-hydrocarbons into the very spaces people go to avoid them; having to drink groundwater contaminated by the pollution of the earth by industry, and hence the very water deployed in the processes of food production. There is no doubt that cancer is to a large extent dependent upon the life style we choose. How and when we eat, how we sleep, how we manage our psychological state, how we move around etc. But in order to address the problem correctly from an environmental standpoint, we must consider the question "can planning contribute to the creation of a healthy living environment?'' If so, what methods of analysis, policy, implementation, and policing should be set in place, if these are not in place already? In theory, planning works for the good of the people, including preserving their health. In practice we must retain a healthy dose of suspicion, since planning is a servo mechanism of the state, and in most instances the state works for private capital. So business usually triumphs in the face of the popular demands of the people. But when the environment becomes polluted it is unquestionable that planning plays a significant role by default. Bluntly stated it is not doing what it is supposed to do. This situation has many causes – lack of funding, corrupt practices that are always associated with development permissions, inadequate legislation, the absence of appropriate density controls, negotiable zoning regulation, improper policing, or simply ignorance of contemporary planning practices and global best practice. Nevertheless, people are not always passive victims. They also make choices as to whether or not they expose themselves to pollutants. Some may have no other option but to accept environmental pollution as part of their daily life. Others however may make choices as to how to deal with it, and avoid exposure at all cost. Many cities have placed a great stress on the creation of a healthy living environment. Paradoxically, this is also good for business since clean and efficient transport and a highly regulated planning system are good for everyone. The idea is now adopted as an essential and accepted part of planning policies and given priority over many other considerations in the developed world. The processes of globalisation and the rise of an ‘informational class of labour’ (Castells) or what Richard Florida calls ‘the Ceative Class’ has demonstrated without a doubt that those cities that stress environment and cultural services succeed where others fail. Nobody wants to work in a polluted and filthy environment. So attracting high quality workers is highly dependent on the production of a high quality environment and the branding process now essential to urban competition. In this context many concerns come to the force, such as: where are all types of industry to be located in order to guarantee that the carcinogens they produce will be internally absorbed and not dumped into the land, air or water that nourish us? Where are future homes to be located ? Where should the social infrastructure: schools, hospitals, public offices, etc be planned? How should existing planning standards be upgraded to accommodate new open spaces and to compenstate for the incredible current lack of provision for the populace? When will the proper policing and management of motor vehicles be implemented as it is in countless other cities? When will the implementation of road rules, reckless driving, uncontrolled parking and other offences be given equal status to checking driving licenses? The answer however is not merely a matter of establishing a sound physical and spatial plan, but rather an inclusive one embracing human behavioural approaches all together. The latter is of paramount importance as the quality of a place cannot be disconnected either from the lifestyles of the community it accommodates or the international community it depends on for finance and investment. How such necessary planning should be imposed not only implies more rigorous urban governance, but the proper and extensive application of the laws that exist today. None of the above is imaginary. In this issue of Ruang-Space Journal 7 articles are published. The first one is by Wahyudi Arimbawa. It talks about the potential roled played by the desa adat institution in controlling land utilization in Jatiluwih Village. The final objective of this study is to develop a system of land use management for this village. The second article is written by Anak Agung Gde Sutrisna. This research evaluates how the bhisama kesucian pura - local guidelines for development within the protective zone surrounding a temple - has been violated, especially in the case of Dang Kahyangan temples located in a touristy area of South Kuta District, Badung Regency-Bali. This article also investigates the impacts such violations have, both negatively and positively. The third article is authored by Anak Agung Aritama. It discusses the uncontrolled presence of urban signage to a level that ruins the image of a town, as is observed when one walks along the Hayam Wuruk Corridor of Denpasar Kota. The article focuses on the comprehension of factors leading to the overall lack of control that generates such chaotic effects. The fourth article is by Agus Dharmaputra. It supports the idea of regulating the development of commercial functions in an urban area. This article offers a preliminary study of considerations used before the location for any minimarket - the commercial functions taken as case studies - is finalized by owners, prior to building permit application to the government. The fifth article is authored by Doddy Kastamayasa. This is a study of a post natural disaster fishing settlement of Ujung Neighborhood in Karangasem Regency on the eastern coast of Bali Island. This settlement was badly hit by the eruption of Mount Agung in 1963. It was then also eroded by significant storms and resultant erosion abrasions over three years from 1997 up to 1999. The sixth article is documented by Anak Agung Mahendra, which is about the conservation of public spaces of Kendran Village in Gianyar Regency. This study is necessary as the village is denoted as the mext rural tourism destination , a proposition which has been accepted with enthusiasm by Gianyar Regency. The last article is written by Ngakan Juliastika. It discusses problems associated with developers decision to focus more on generating profits rather than conforming to the housing development guidelines and policies that have been established. Taking this situation as a point of departure, this paper suggests seven sets of strategies implemented by various developers at seven different housing developments.

In Denpasar, demands for housing are increasing rapidly and creating a potential economic opportunity in housing development. Since housing is seldom provided by the state, its provision relies heavily on developers, who, to date, have successfully delivered various housing types as well as competitive marketing strategies to attract more consumers. But problems occur when developers focus more on generating profits than conforming to the housing development guidelines and policies that have been established. Taking this situation as a point of departure, this paper suggests seven sets of strategies implemented by various developers at seven different housing developments. Utilizing qualitative research methods, the study has identified three important strategies in the development of medium-scale housing by developers in Denpasar, including: (1) those used during pre-construction; (2) those implemented during the construction phase; and those applied in the aftermath of sales post-construction. All three strategic groupings of strategies are the basis for developing the characteristics of medium-scale housing delivery in Denpasar. Keywords: housing delivery; strategy of housing development; developer Abstrak Pertambahan penduduk di kota Denpasar menyebabkan peningkatan permintaan akan kebutuhan perumahan,sehingga pihak swasta, khususnya developer, berupaya mengembangkan perumahan dengan berbagai tipe. Adanya persaingan antar pengembang dalam pengadaan perumahan memunculkan berbagai konsep strategi untuk menarik calon pembeli. Permasalahan yang sering terjadi adalah pihak pengembang kurang memperhatikan ketentuan-ketentuan yang berlaku dalam mengembangkan perumahan yang sudah diatur pada kebijakan-kebijakan terkait pengadaan perumahan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif induktif. Lokasi penelitian terletak di Kota Denpasar dengan mengambil tujuh kasus yang mewakili masing-masing kecamatan. Hasil penelitian ini adalah: (1) Konsep pengadaan perumahan skala menengah pada tahap pra konstruksi dan juga tahap konstruksi; (2) Pengelolaan perumahan skala menengah pada tahap pasca konstruksi, yaitu pada tahap purna jual; dan (3) Karakteristik pengadaan perumahan skala menengah di Denpasar. Ketiga hasil penelitian ini ditinjau dari strategi yang dilakukan oleh pengembang. Dialog dilakukan meliputi dialog antar isu di lapangan, serta dialog antara isu di lapangan dengan pemahaman umum secara etik.

This is a study of a post natural disaster fishing settlement of Ujung Neighborhood in Karangasem Regency on the eastern coast of Bali Island. This settlement was badly hit by the eruption of Mount Agung in 1963. It was then also eroded by significant storms and resultant erosion abrasions over three years from 1997 up to 1999. The study is designed to comprehend the spatial changes that this fishing settlement has been through which have resulted in the development of a currently existing and unique spatial layout. Data used in this study represent spatial changes taking place from 1950 to 2015 when the field survey was conducted. The whole study was approached using qualitative research methods. Research findings have uncovered two prominent spatial patterns. The first is a linear settlement form stretching along the Ujung coastal line and the second a linear and clustered form of spatial pattern demonstrated by Ujung's mainland settlement. The linear part is oriented towards Seraya-Karangasem road and the clustered pattern takes place in the western part of the neighborhood where social infrastructures are concentrated. These include the facilities of an elementary school, madrasah (Muslim school), and mosque. The study concludes that the development of a post disaster village has followed a mixed spatial pattern for reasons predominantly generated from natural conditions. Keywords: spatial pattern; post-disaster development; fishing settlement Abstrak Studi ini merupakan suatu kajian pasca bencana pada permukiman nelayan di Dusun Ujung Pesisi, Kabupaten Karangsem. Ruang permukiman nelayan Dusun Ujung Pesisi berkembang sejak bencana meletusnya Gunung Agung tahun 1963 dan abrasi pantai pada tahun 1997 sampai 1999. Paper ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana pola perkembangan permukiman nelayan yang terjadi di Dusun Ujung Pesisi dari tahun 1950-2015. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif. Data dalam penelitian ini diperoleh melalui studi literatur, grandtour, observasi, wawancara, dan rekonstruksi. Hasil temuan yang ada dilapangan menunjukkan bahwa terdapat dua pola permukiman nelayan di Dusun Ujung Pesisi. Temuan pertama adalah terbentuknya pola linier di sepanjang garis pantai Ujung dan temuan kedua adalah pola linier dan pola cluster di sepanjang daratan Ujung. Pola linier berorientasi ke jalan raya Seraya-Karangasem dan pola cluster berada di sisi barat permukiman. Ini meliputi fasilitas-fasilitas sekolah dasar, madrasah, dan masjid. Kesimpulan dari studi adalah bahwa karena kondisi alam, pembangunan pasca bencana juga diikuti oleh pembentukan permukiman nelayan dengan kombinasi pola-pola ruang yang sudah ada sebelumnya.

The installation of signage serves numerous functions and is now an integral part of commercial development, transport and other urban uses. In addition it is frequently located to promote information driven by political, economic, social and directional purposes. The phenomenon raised within this article is the uncontrolled presence of urban signage to a level that ruins the image of a town, as is observed when one walks along the Hayam Wuruk Corridor of Denpasar Kota. The article focuses on the comprehension of factors leading to the overall lack of control that generates such chaotic effects. In achieving this objective, the following article is organized into four sub sections. First, the abstract briefly explains the structure and organization of the presentation. Second, the introduction outlines the overall context of the problem and the choice of the Hayam Wuruk Corridor as the selected case study. The third section contains an explanation of the meaning, function and type of signage found along the Corridor. The fourth section demonstrates in a great detail, the underlying factors in the organization of urban signage and the criteria that allow functional requirements to be met without ruining environmental considerations. Thus the urban image the Denpasar Kota is keen to maintain can be respected. The last section synthesizes key elements in the paper and suggests potential outcomes. Keywords: urban signage; urban image; type, meaning and function of the urban signage. Abstrak Seiring perkembangan waktu, keberadaan penanda fungsi dan media promosi pada koridor kawasan menimbulkan berbagai permasalahan terkait visual dan wajah kota. Begitu pula yang terjadi pada koridor Jalan Hayam Wuruk di Kota Denpasar. Koridor jalan ini merupakan salah satu koridor dengan aktivitas komersial dan perdagangan yang cukup sibuk. Berdasarkan hasil pengamatan, kondisi penanda fungsi dan media promosi pada koridor tersebut tidak tertata dengan baik. Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi dan menemukan faktor-faktor yang menyebabkan sejumlah permasalahan tersebut. Pendekatan yang dilakukan melalui metode kualitatif dengan didukung oleh studi kepustakaan yang relevan dengan topik penelitian. Artikel ini terdiri atas empat sub pokok bahasan. Bagian abstrak memuat poin-poin penting mengenai artikel ini. Bagian kedua memaparkan pokok-pokok permasalahan serta gambaran umum mengenai tiga segmen dari koridor yang diteliti. Bagian ketiga berisikan penjelasan mengenai pengertian, fungsi dan jenis penanda fungsi dan media promosi; dan faktor-faktor yang menyebabkan permasalahan pada penanda fungsi dan media promosi tersebut. Bagian keempat memuat kesimpulan hasil studi.

During my recent visit to Sydney (Australia), I was fascinated by the range of choices people have when it comes to using public open space. Not only are large green spaces readily available such as parks and golf courses, as well as pedestrianised and landscaped urban streets, but an entire hierarchy of space continues down to the provision of individual benches in small vest-pocket parks across the city, even at all bus stops. The sheer variety of activities catered for is immense. For example, if we take a cross section through the main road which encompasses Centennial Park, we have designated areas for pets, a cycle and skateboarding track, a unidirectional traffic system, a wide pedestrian pathway used for walking and running, a horse-riding track and then wide expanses of open space. In these areas other activities are then catered for – football, rugby, tennis, seating for conversation, picnic areas beside indigenous plants and trees, and bodies of water where wildlife such as fish and a great variety of bird life can be studied. In addition, barbecue stands and seating areas are provided with appropriate collection of all waste, an activity that chimes with Australia’s multicultural population. Everything is properly regulated, laws are enforced, fines are allocated for infringements, and provision made for recycling all waste. The public is informed of the rule system at all gates into the park, and provision is made for a limited but adequate number of food outlets, coffee stalls, and one first class restaurant. Clean toilets are provided close to all entrances and these are respected by everyone. Of note is that no trash can be seen anywhere, despite the park being used by thousands of people on a daily basis. All of this of course begins with five necessary features. First the consciousness of a public realm ensured by the state with access for all citizens. Second, a willingness by government to accommodate and maintain the scale and complexity of recreational activity, both active and passive, as a right, for the whole population – children, young and old people, individuals with disability and others. Third, a planning system whose primary function is to cater for these needs as a priority which overrides private sector encroachment into the public realm. Fourth, a public that insists on its rights to a public realm, and is prepared to enforce such rights by its own correct attitudes and behaviour. Finally there must be a guaranteed enforcement of public policy across the entire extent of spatial practices. While someone sleeping in a park beside a lake full of wild life in Sydney might seem meaningless, this is indeed not the case. It actually reflects an entire history of open space tradition-public parks. The big question of course is why such a public space awareness and provision rarely occur in developing nations. Instead it often occurs when existing open space is converted to development, rather than being preserved or even improved both in scale and quality. One argument here is that the concept of a public realm has been weakly developed in countries that do not have a fully-fledged democratic history, i.e. most Asian Countries. The history of most developed countries e.g. the United States, Canada, Australia and the whole of Europe has been in majority driven by people's will and engagement. Thus the existence of "public space, i.e the polis in Greek" where ideas are generated; revolutionary actions are proposed; and necessary forms of future accomplishment are evolved, becomes ubiquitous. In the case of Asian states however, existing public open space is often associated with past governance, i.e monarchy and dynasty. For example, Chinese garden associated with the emperor private use and then later to be granted public access as today. The remaining historical, social and cultural importance of such spatial forms often becomes a symbolic attribute easily disregarded by government in power in order to achieve economic goals either for personal gain, or in theory, for the good of the common people. The current edition of Journal Ruang - Space presents 7 articles. The first article is authored by I Wayan Yudiartana, whose research aims at determining corporate environmental (CER) responsibilities along Kuta Beach (Bali) in relation to future forms of development, specifically the disposal of waste. The second article is written by Desak Made Sukma Widiyani and based on a study of problems pertaining to infrastructure in three different slums areas in the West Denpasar Regency. Still discusses slums settlements of Denpasar City, the third article is by Ayu Wadhanti. It focuses on typhlology of sites/areas that have a tendency to develop into informal settlements. The fourth article is authored by Anak Agung Gede Raka Gunawarman. Taking a case study of a rock-cut Candi Gunung Kawi, it examines the proportion of a ''candi'' which is considered a sacred structure of Hindu-Budha's legacy in Indonesia. Next, the fifth article is authored by Nyoman Gema Endra Persada. It analyses a winning outcome of the revitalization of the Badung River in Denpasar. The development has indeed successfully created a public waterfront widely used for numerous recreational activities. The sixth article is by Kadek Wisnawa. It investigates the development of tanah pelaba pura, a form of communal land in Indonesia, for financial goals, a practice that is not in line with symbolic value such land holds. The last article of this edition is by I Gede Surya Darmawan. Taking a case study of Serangan, a reclaimed Island, the paper discusses the pattern of land use changes and underlining factors have caused it, before and after reclamation carried out by Bali Turtle Island Development (BTID).

Abstrak Artikel ini mengkaji tentang site-site peninggalan yang ada di Palembang, beserta potensinya untuk dijadikan wisata warisan budaya di Indonesia. Palembang sangat tergantung terhadap tantangan dan keuntungan yang diperoleh dari industri kepariwisataan, sehingga proses perbaikan-pun perlu dilaksanakan di segala bidang untuk keberlanjutan kondisi serta kesejahteraan ekonomi dari salah satu provinsi yang berlokasi di sebelah selatan Pulau Sumatra ini. Penelitian ini merupakan sebuah studi empiris yang menginvestigasi: beragam metode terkait konservasi serta peningkatan dan efektifitas dari tata aturan yang ada, baik yang diinstigasi di tingkat nasional, regional, dan lokal. Setiap variabel dikaji dari sisi potensi yang kemungkinan dimilikinya, dan dievaluasi berdasarkan data-data yang telah didokumentasikan berkenaan dengan masing-masing studi kasus. Ketergantungan Palembang terhadap pendapatan yang diperoleh dari industri kepariwisataan, mensyaratkan adanya peningkatan dalam aspek pendanaan, kesadaran masyarakat, konservasi, perubahan dalam tata aturan, dan yang paling penting adalah proses pentaatan masyarakat terhadap tata aturan yang ada pada semua level. Hasil analisis disini secara mengkhusus merekomendasikan adanya efesiensi dari perundang-undangan yang ada, salah satu aspek dasar yang sangat perlu peningkatan di Palembang. Kata kunci: proteksi, peningkatan, peninggalan, legislasi, pariwisata Abstract This paper examines heritage sites in Palembang and their potential for cultural heritage tourism in Indonesia. Palembang is very reliant on the challenges and dominance of tourism benefits, and upgrading in all areas is necessary for Palembang's (a province located in the southern part of Sumatra) continuing economic well-being. This research is empirically focused and investigates methods for conservation, enhancement and the effectiveness of existing legislation at national, regional and local levels. Each variable is assessed as to its potential, and evaluated on the basis of case study material. Since Palembang is very reliant on revenues from tourism and it is imperative that significant improvement occurs in terms of funding, public awareness, conservation, legislative change and most importantly, enforcement of the law at all levels. The result of this analysis lead to recommendations in all areas, but specifically for the effectiveness of regional legislation, which is currently represents a catastrophe for Palembang. Keywords: protection, enhancement, heritage, legislation, tourism

Bali relies on its culture to maintain its position as a tourist destination. This includes traditionalpractices as well as architecture. But the traditional Balinese house is frequently transformed inorder to accommodate tourism activities. Such practices have modified the context, internalspaces and form of dwellings as a whole. Thus traditional domestic practices based on thephilosophy of Tri Hita Kharana are also affected. This phenomenon raises the vexed issue as tohow both can coexist within the same spatial envelope, which is the subject of this paper. Themethod of investigation includes an examination of buildings and spaces as well as interviewswith occupants as to how they accommodate such change.

The Revitalization of Badung River has provided a significant waterfront for Denpasar. Havingbeen used for irresponsibly disposed waste, this river has now emerged as a significant publicspace. It has promoted diverse recreational activities engaged by urban dwellers of both Denpasarand its surrounding areas. This paper analyses the relationship between numerous spatial settingsalong the river and their contained recreational activities. The potential attraction of each spatialsetting is evaluated by the presence of one or more of the following elements, visible sceneries;aesthetic plants; shade trees; fish; planned space; abandoned or/and vacant land. Meanwhile, typeof activities pertained to recreational function of this waterfront include relaxing; sitting around;fishing; chatting; snacking; resting after work; ceremonial activities; and food vendoring(permanent and non-permanent). The research then makes a connection between each spatialelement and activities to draw certain relationships between space and its use.

In Bali waste management is at crisis levels. A comprehensive and well participated public-basedgarbage management system is an important element toward the formation of a livable urbanenvironment. It would benefit the economy, public health, and environmental safety, as well asbeing an agent for change in public attitudes towards wastes in general. Various attempts such asgelatik (plastic garbage movement); clean and green; and the 3R principle (reuse, reduce, recycle)have been carried out to change people’s behavior in handling garbage. Attitudes unfortunatelyremain unchanged. This is a complex problem involving the creation, dispersal, collection anddisposal across the entire island. The following paper addresses questions concerning people’sunhealthy attitudes towards waste management; and the factors driving such behavior. Research isconducted on the basis of the descriptive qualitative method. Findings show that garbagecollection, sorting, storing, and disposal have not been fully recognized and supported bygovernment and local people. Significantly, major determining factors such as a lack ofsupporting infrastructure and facilities also emerge as priority considerations and waste

This paper examines heritage sites in Palembang and their potential for cultural heritage tourismin Indonesia. Palembang is very reliant on the challenges and dominance of tourism benefits, andupgrading in all areas is necessary for Palembang's (a province located in the southern part ofSumatra) continuing economic well-being. This research is empirically focused and investigatesmethods for conservation, enhancement and the effectiveness of existing legislation at national,regional and local levels. Each variable is assessed as to its potential, and evaluated on the basis ofcase study material. Since Palembang is very reliant on revenues from tourism and it is imperativethat significant improvement occurs in terms of funding, public awareness, conservation,legislative change and most importantly, enforcement of the law at all levels. The result of thisanalysis lead to recommendations in all areas, but specifically for the effectiveness of regionallegislation, which is currently represents a catastrophe for Palembang.

Abstrak Bali bersandar pada kebudayaan dalam menjaga posisinya sebagai sebuah destinasi wisata. Kebudayaan dalam konteks ini termasuk praktek-praktek terkait tradisi dan arsitektur. Sebagai salah satu wujud arsitektur, rumah tradisional Bali seringkali menjadi sasaran transformasi dalam rangka mengakomodasi bermacam-macam aktivitas kepariwisataan. Praktek-praktek yang seperti ini telah memodifikasi konteks, ruang-ruang di dalam rumah, serta pada akhirnya wujud rumah tinggal secara keseluruhan. Sehingga praktek-praktek keruangan tradisional yang didasari filosofi Tri Hita Kharana pada level domestik juga dipengaruhi. Fenomena ini memunculkan isu-isu yang mengusik terkait bagaimana keduanya bisa diwadahi dalam satu kesatuan keruangan rumah tinggal - yang merupakan fokus bahasan dari artikel ini. Adapun metode yang dipakai dalam menginvestigasi topik ini termasuk kajian terhadap bangunan-bangunan dan ruang-ruang dalam rumah tinggal, dan interview dengan para penghuni untuk menstudi bagaimana mereka telah mengakomodasi perubahan-perubahan yang ada. Kata kunci: Kebudayaan, rumah tradisional Bali, transformasi Abstract Bali relies on its culture to maintain its position as a tourist destination. This includes traditional practices as well as architecture. But the traditional Balinese house is frequently transformed in order to accommodate tourism activities. Such practices have modified the context, internal spaces and form of dwellings as a whole. Thus traditional domestic practices based on the philosophy of Tri Hita Kharana are also affected. This phenomenon raises the vexed issue as to how both can coexist within the same spatial envelope, which is the subject of this paper. The method of investigation includes an examination of buildings and spaces as well as interviews with occupants as to how they accommodate such change. Keywords:culture, the traditional Balinese house, transformation