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Teknik pengaturan motor listrik telah berkembang sangat pesat khususnya sejak dua dekade terakhir. Pengaturan kecepatan dan torsi motor yang presisi dan cepat sudah bisa dicapai, khususnya untuk motor ac yang memiliki karakteristik nonlinier dan terkopling. Teknik estimasi untuk mengurangi sensor fisik juga berkembang sebagai upaya meningkatkan keandalan dari drive. Hal-hal di atasi dimungkinkan karena perkembangan teknologi mikroelektronika dan semikonduktor daya. Perkembangan teknologi mikroelektronika khususnya VSLAmemungkinkan pengimplementasian teknik-teknik pengaturan lanjut untuk menghasilkan sistem pengaturan motor listrik dengan unjuk kerja tinggi dan dengan perangkat keras yang ekonomis. Teknologi semikonduktor daya memungkinkan dihasilkannya konverter statis yang efisien, kompak serta ekonomis. Paper ini mencoba me-review sistem perangkat keras yang tersedia untuk mengimplementasikan pengaturan motor listrik dengan teknik digitalmotion control.

In this digital era, museum as an institution increasingly incorporates virtual technology into their exhibitions and architectural elements. The application of virtual materials in museums allows sensory variations that enrich visitors’ experience. A sense of realness needs to be considered in a museum environment, with virtual materials as its constituent elements that can arouse the emotional involvement of visitors. This paper investigates virtual materials’ applications and a sense of realness qualities in real-virtual museum architecture. It employs a qualitative research strategy with in-depth interviews and precedent studies used as data collection techniques and content analysis as its analyzing method. Study results show that the principle of immersion to arouse a sense of realness in a real-virtual museum environment includes sensory richness, interaction, and coherence. Integrating real-virtual elements can be carried out within architectural formal and spatial elements’ design. Integration with architectural formal elements includes using interactive surfaces and surface projections, while integration with architectural spatial elements includes the application of motion and audio sensors. These integrations can be implemented in architectural design by isolating virtual devices from outdoor distractions like light, sound, humidity, and temperature. Keywords: immersion; materiality; museum; realness; real-virtual Abstrak Di era digital ini, museum sebagai sebuah institusi mulai menggunakan teknologi virtual pada konten pameran dan elemen arsitekturnya. Aplikasi material virtual dalam arsitektur museum memberikan kemungkinan variasi sensoris yang memperkaya pengalaman dari para pengunjung museum. Kualitas rasa nyata atau realness perlu dipertimbangkan dalam lingkungan atau ‘arsitektur’ dengan pemanfaatan material virtual sebagai elemen penyusunnya, sehingga arsitektur ini dapat menggugah keterlibatan pengunjung secara emosional. Paper ini bertujuan untuk merumuskan keterlibatan material virtual dan kualitas rasa nyata yang sebaiknya diaplikasikan pada arsitektur real-virtual museum. Tulisan ini menerapkan strategi penelitian kualitatif, dengan memilih wawancara mendalam sebagai teknik pengumpulan data, dan konten analisis sebagai metode analisisnya. Hasil studi menunjukkan bahwa prinsip immersion untuk menggugah rasa nyata pada lingkungan museum real-virtual meliputi kekayaan sensoris, interaktif, serta koheren. Integrasi material virtual dan elemen arsitektur dapat dilakukan dalam lingkup elemen formal dan ruang. Integrasi dengan elemen ruang meliputi penggunaan permukaan interaktif dan proyeksi permukaan, sedangkan integrasi dengan ruang meliputi aplikasi sensor gerak dan audio. Integrasi ini bisa diimplementasikan dalam desain arsitektur dengan mengisolasi perangkat virtual dari distraksi outdoor termasuk visual cahaya, suara, kelembapan, dan suhu dari ruang luar. Kata kunci: immersion; materialitas; museum; realness; real-virtual

In several big cities in Indonesia, there are numerous cases of abandoned buildings due to delays in the construction process. Some of these buildings even remain abandoned and underused for an extended period. In line with this condition, cities experience a high level of urbanization that cause places tremendous pressure on urban spaces, especially green open spaces. This paper discusses Parasitic Architecture as an alternative design approach to address this issue. It proposes to use abandoned buildings as public facilities and is presented in sections. First, it reviews the concepts and principles of Parasitic Architecture, followed by observational studies using a contextual analysis to explore the context and function of abandoned buildings. The exploration results indicate a potential to apply Parasitic Architecture's concepts and principles in redesigning abandoned buildings and turning them into public facilities, particularly into green open spaces. In this context, the paper views Parasitic Architecture plays a vital role in providing innovative spatial and structural configurations to reorient the use of unused buildings for public functions. Keywords: abandoned building; contextual analysis; parasitic architecture; green open space Abstrak Di beberapa kota besar di Indonesia, banyak kasus bangunan terbengkalai akibat adanya kemunduran dalam proses konstruksi. Beberapa dari bangunan tersebut malahan terlalaikan dan tidak dimanfaatkan dalam jangka waktu yang lama. Seiring dengan permasalahan ini, kota-kota besar mengalami peningkatan jumlah urbanisasi yang menyebabkan ruang perkotaan semakin berkurang termasuk untuk ruang terbuka hijau kota. Paper ini membahas bagaimana parasitic architecture digunakan sebagai pendekatan perancangan untuk merespon permasalahan dengan memanfaatkan bangunan terbengkalai agar dapat berfungsi kembali dan dijadikan sebagai fasilitas atau ruang publik. Pertama, dilakukan kajian teori tentang konsep dan prinsip parasitic architecture, dilanjutkan dengan mengeksplorasi konteks dan fungsi bangunan terbengkalai melalui studi observasi dengan analisis kontekstual. Hasil eksplorasi menjelaskan terdapat potensi untuk menerapkan konsep dan prinsip parasitic architecture dalam perancangan kembali bangunan terbengkalai menjadi fasilitas publik, khususnya ruang terbuka hijau. Dalam konteks ini, parasitic architecture dipandang sebagai pendekatan perancangan berperan penting dalam pengadaan konfigurasi ruang dan struktur inovatif yang mampu mengalihkan bangunan terbengkalai menjadi ruang berfungsi publik. Kata kunci: bangunan terbengkalai; analisis kontesktual; parasitic architecture; ruang terbuka hijau

This paper discusses the cultural phenomenon of urban women in the modern era that gives rise to a lifestyle in an effort to maintain health. The lives of women in urban areas have a need to take care of skin health. One way to treat it is to buy beauty care products or skincare. The behavior that appears with a variety of beauty and skincare products makes it a cultural necessity. The emergence of dependence on beauty clinics and various beauty products cannot be separated from the identity of women in urban areas. This paper is based on the results of a qualitative research method with a phenomenological approach. Based on key informants the knowledge and needs of skin health are influenced by the media and popular culture. The need for skin health through skincare products affects the beauty standards of modern women in urban areas.

Mushaf lipat Abu is a manuscript given by a collector from Jakarta named Abu in 2018. The purpose of this paper is to findi out the contents and describe and introduce the mushaf lipat because of the uniqueness of the manuscripts and to add studies to the Nusantara manuscripts using philological theory. Mushaf lipat Abu was studied using philological theory and translation theory. The method used for data collection is a catalog study method and a field study method with a note-taking technique whose purpose is to find a manuscript whether there are variants. The method used in analyzing the data is the standard method of single manuscript edition and the method of presentation is descriptive analytical method. The results showed that the mushaf lipat is a codex unicus because it is not contained in the catalog that the researcher refers to. Mushaf lipat consists of two main materials, namely wood and paper, mushaf lipat contains four letters in the Qur'an, namely Al-Fatihah as an opening letter, As-Sajdah, Ad-Duha, and Al-Ikhlas.

Environmental problems are complex things that they are very influential on all components in the ecosystem. One of the environmental problems is caused by the production of waste that is not treated properly, for example in the hotel industry. Tourism is one of the activities that produce various kinds of waste, both environmentally friendly and not. Products that are not environmentally friendly can pollute the environment if they do not handled properly. Alila Villas Uluwatu (AVU) is one of hotels in Bali that are committed to environmentally friendly and efforts to protect the environment by minimizing waste production. The objective of this research was to find out AVU's strategies in protecting the environment, especially in handling the resulting inorganic waste, such as glass, paper and plasctics. The method utilized in data collection on this study was through conducting interview, direct observation in the field and examination of related documents. Data analysis was performed descriptively, either in qualitative and quantitative forms. The results showed that the waste management strategy in AVU included efforts to minimize inorganic waste production and by using more environmentally friendly materials such as toothbrushes with wooden handles, paper straws and bamboo straws.

Global warming is contributed by human activities in many sectors. The sector that contributes significantly to generating carbon emissions is transportation sector. An effort to reduce carbon emissions is by utilizing PV panels on vehicle’s body surface. This paper reviews the development of vehicle-mounted PV panels around the world. The review covers technical specifications, manufacturer, and function of the PV panel on the vehicle. The objective is to get insight on the current development of vehicle with PV panels. The information presented in this paper is expected to provide updates for stakeholders in the field of renewable energy and land transportation in Indonesia. Also, this information can be used as a reference for further research on vehicle with PV panels both in Indonesia or elsewhere that are developing future environmentally-friendly vehicle. The result is a database consists of 948 vehicle which has solar PV around the body of the vehicle. 936 vehicles or about 99% were made for solar car race and only 1% for commercial and prototype. The solar PV system serves as a main or auxiliary power supply of the vehicle depending on whether they are hybrid or fully electric cars.

The development of journalism is not only related to the media changing from paper to digital. However, the high demand for online news production and the speed of publication also influence the changes in online news headlines. This research discusses the changes in online news headlines in 2013 and 2023. This study employed qualitative-quantitative methodology. The uninvolved conversation observation technique was applied in collecting the data, while the distributional and identity methods were used to analyze the data. The data source was obtained from Detik.com during the first weeks of 2013 and 2023. The theory used was Van Dijk's critical discourse theory. The results demonstrated that the changes in news headlines in 2013 and 2023 included differences in the number of words, type of sentence, syntactic patterns, use of affixations, use of prepositions, use of punctuation, negation, mention of names, presence of interjections, presence of slang words, and use of onomatopoeic.

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the existence, uniqueness, and stability solution to a non-linear system of integro-differential equations by using both methods Picard approximation and Banach fixed point theorem. The existence, uniqueness, and stability theorems are established under necessary and sufficient conditions of closed and bounded domain.

The idea behind the world exhibitions event was to promote international trade by exhibiting goods, colonial achievements, and the identities of the colonies. However, Georg Simmel’s notes in “The Berlin Trade Exhibition” showed that the exhibitions developed during the nineteenth century specifically responded to the competitive demands of the industrial mode and money economy. Thus, the purpose of the world exhibition is not merely as an annual fair; rather, it has socioeconomic and cultural aspects represented by the colony on a smaller scale. A similar pattern was also found in the Colonial Exhibition of Semarang. As one of the biggest exhibitions held in Southeast Asia in the early 20th century, the exhibition displayed the Dutch Colonial’s highest achievement in the Dutch East Indies. It represents modern life's industrial and technological advancement and temporarily serves as the center of world civilization. Yet there is a distinct contrast between the natives and European visitors, which causes a contradiction between modernism and traditionalism exhibited in the exhibition. This paper examines Koloniale Tentoonstelling Semarang as the representation of an industrial city and an attraction for a touristic destination. It aims to investigate how world exhibitions served not only as platforms for promoting international trade but also as reflections of the socioeconomic and cultural dynamics of the time. Keywords: exhibition; colonial; Semarang; Sentiling; Tentoonstelling Abstrak Gagasan di balik kegiatan world exhibitions adalah untuk mempromosikan perdagangan internasional dengan memamerkan barang, pencapaian kolonial, dan identitas koloni. Namun, catatan Georg Simmel dalam “The Berlin Trade Exhibition” menunjukkan bahwa pameran yang dikembangkan di abad kesembilan belas secara khusus menanggapi tuntutan kompetitif industri dan ekonomi. Oleh karena itu, tujuan pameran dunia bukan hanya sebagai pameran tahunan; namun juga memiliki aspek sosial, ekonomi, dan budaya yang diwakili oleh koloni dalam skala yang lebih kecil. Pola serupa juga ditemukan dalam Pameran Kolonial Semarang. Sebagai salah satu eksibisi terbesar yang diselenggarakan di Asia Tenggara di awal abad ke-20, pameran ini menampilkan pencapaian tertinggi Kolonial Belanda di Hindia Belanda. Hal ini mencerminkan kemajuan industri dan teknologi kehidupan modern yang ditampilkan untuk sementara waktu sebagai pusat peradaban dunia. Namun terdapat kondisi yang mencolok antara penduduk asli dan pengunjung dari Eropa, sehingga menimbulkan kontradiksi antara modernisme dan tradisionalisme yang dipamerkan dalam pameran ini. Tulisan ini akan mengkaji Koloniale Tentoonstelling Semarang sebagai representasi kota industri dan daya tarik destinasi wisata. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menyelidiki bagaimana pameran dunia tidak hanya berfungsi sebagai wadah untuk mempromosikan perdagangan internasional tetapi juga sebagai cerminan dinamika sosial ekonomi dan budaya pada saat itu. Kata kunci: pameran; kolonial; Semarang; Sentiling; Tentoonstelling

Tourism is one of the leading and most dynamic sectors of the world economy, and for its rapid pace, it is recognized as the economic phenomenon of the century. Modern tourism is an increasingly intensive, business-oriented, and commercially organized group of activities, and tourism marketing is becoming ever more important for a destination’s competitiveness. In this context, our research aims to analyze and synthesize the challenges marketing of tourist destinations is facing. The approach taken in this paper is to assess the related literature and focus on the key points for future research on tourism marketing. We argue that destination marketing must lead to the optimization of the effects of tourism and the achievement of national tourism organizations' strategic goals. This paper contributes to marketing professionals and academics, pointing out the uniqueness of tourism marketing.

Measles is an acute highly contagious disease caused by Paramyxovirus. Measles is considered as a dangerous disease because it cause complications, brain and other organs damage, lifelong disability, paralysis and even death. In the previous studies, it was known that the spread of measles highly dependent on number of infected individuals so it is necessary to control measles through treatment. In this paper, we study about the application of the optimal control theory on the system of differential equations of the SIR endemic model. Determination of the optimal control is obtained through the application of the Pontryagin minimum principle. The main target in this paper is to find a unique optimal control where the optimal control can be described as an efficiency rate of treatment in individuals infected with measles to decrease the number of infected individuals.

This paper is entitled Analysis of Slangs Used by Characters in Movie Script “I Hope They Serve Beer in Hell”. The aims of this study are to identify and classify based on the types of slang word, this paper also described the context of situation of slang used in the movie script I Hope They Serve Beer in Hell. The data source was taken from the movie script I Hope They Serve Beer in Hell (2009). The data collection was conducted through library research method and note taking technique. The first step was done through reading attentively, noting the slang word, and classifying based on the types of slang and context of situation. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive qualitative method with the theory of Allan and Burridge (2006) for types of slang and theory of context of situation proposed by Holmes (2013). The result of analysis shows that there are four types of slang used by character in I Hope They Serve Beer in Hell movie script. Meanwhile, for the context of situation there are four components. The meaning behind each slang words and phrases in I Hope They Serve Beer in Hell movie script depends on the context of situation. Besides, the interpretation of meaning takes important roles in the analysis.

Abstrak – A research on the use of chitosan as an adsorbent of silver (Ag) on the photography fixer waste from hospital has been carried out. Chitosan used was in the form of powder and membrane. Chitosan powder used was 0.5 g, 1 g, 2 g and 5 g, and the membrane used was a 2% chitosan membrane of 5 g. The adsorbent materials added to 50 mL of fixer waste and soaked for 24 hours. The Whatmann filter paper was also used by filtering method. The results showed that the 2% chitosan membrane of 5 g gave the highest silver adsorption percentage of 95.99%. The percentage of adsorption by chitosan powder of 0.5, 1, 2 and 5 g were 4.41%, 6.43%, 7.82% and 36.42% respectively. While the percentage of silver adsorption by Whatman filter paper was 0.05%. The used of chitosan in the form of membrane is the most effective adsorbent of silver on photographic fixer wastes.

As a tourism destination in the world, Bali attracts many tourists to visit because of its tourist attractions and culture. One form of Balinese cultural products is Balinese endek, a traditional Balinese fabric comes in a myriad of beautiful colors and geometrical designs. The experience of weaving Balinese Endek is the phenomenon of commodification in its essence as a creative industry. The author uses this paper to be able to critically examine the Balinese Endek function with a culture studies approach in relation to the use of endek in the tourism sector. The instrument for analyzing this paper is using the commodification theory, which is explaining about something that is not related to the production process into a product that is consumed in bulk, yet is related to how a product is marketed to the target market in order to meet consumer needs.The methodology used in examining the phenomenon of the commodification of Balinese endek is a critical method that is emancipatory in nature, namely the involvement of producers or weavers and business people (who are involved in the tourism industry). The results of this paper are: (1) The symbolic meaning that is typical of Balinese Endek is an attraction and has the potential to attract tourists, thus helping to improve the economy of the Balinese people. (2) The dynamics of Balinese Endek marketing in the market are in demand by the local market as well as the global market as a creative product. (3) The development of function of the Balinese endek not solely by the local community, but also by tourists to be used as a souvenir. Keywords: Commodification, Tenun Ikat Endek Bali, Bali Tourism

The high fuel demand in Indonesia has resulted in an increase in the ratio of imported fuels and weakened domestic energy security. In response to this, biofuels (BBN) was developed, one of which was bioethanol. The raw material for making bioethanol can be from a variety of objects, but paper is the most easily obtained bioethanol raw material around us. PT Temprina Media Grafika a subsidiary of Jawa Pos Group produces waste paper every day. From the waste is processed into bioethanol and is used as a generator fuel. From 1 kg of paper waste obtained 30 ml of bioethanol with a concentration of 86%. By mixing bioethanol in gasoline, a mixture of fuels called E85, E60 and E35 is obtained. While pure RON 88 gasoline from Pertamina is called E10. Through testing on the generator set with a load of 600 watts and 900 watts, measurements of voltage, power, frequency, RPM and SOFC were obtained that all parameters decreased when using bioethanol mixed fuels.

This article presented some theorems on a novel non-linear multiple Integro-differential equations of boundary T-system. It has been studied the numerical-analytic method and Banach fixed point theorem for the existence and approximation of the solutions over considered boundary system in compact space. In this work, we demonstrate that the mention methods can be discussed and analyzed for the existence and uniqueness, of a solution for the vector system. The paper satisfies the Hölder condition.

In an effort to improve the quality of service and overcome problems such as, electricity customers are not disciplined in paying utility bills each month, metering errors made by PLN employees, and electricity theft. Then PT. PLN issued and implemented a pre-paid electricity system. To find out the public perception of the effectiveness of the prepaid product kWhmeter for the community (middle aged customers (45-59th) and elderly (?60th)), this study investigates the use of products in the Br.Betngandang area of ??Sanur, Bali. The design of this paper is descriptive by conducting surveys to people's homes. Based on population of head of household in region Br. Betngandang obtained the number of samples of 74. To know the public perception of the effectiveness of the use of kWhmeter prepaid then the community is given a questionnaire with 11 statements and 4 questions to be filled. The results in this paper are in the range of 60% - 80% indicating that the use of prepaid kWhmeter products provides a relatively strong effectiveness and this makes a good public perception of prepaid kWhmeter products.

Indonesian laws determines different age limit for the children. The Law of Republic of Indonesia Number 1 Year 1974 concerning Marriage holds the age limit for the children until 16 years old for the women and 19 years old for the men. Meanwhile, on the Law of Republic of Indonesia Number 23 Year 2002 concerning Child Protection, the age limitation both for women and men is 18 years old. This Child Protection Act has adopted norm as stipulated in the Convention of the Rights of Children, as ratified through Presidential Decree Number 36 Year 1990. Some violations of the human right of children in Indonesia were more or less related to the unclear limitation of the age of children. A few years ago, this situation was brought into legal concern as a constitutional review was lodged before the Constitutional Court of Republic of Indonesia. This court has finally issued a Judgment Number 30-74/PUU-XII/2014 that addressing the issue in concern. Once should be noted that not all Justices had a similar opinion on the Judgment as one Justice expressed a different opinion. The main purpose of this paper is to analyze the legal consideration contained in this Judgment. In addition, it also intends to criticize the Justice’s Dissenting Opinion that was addressed against this Judgment. This paper is set as a Normative Legal Research that uses case study approach and statutory approach. Key Words : Constitutional Court, Indonesia, Children Rights, Age Limit.

Around the world the deregulation of the electricity business sector has changed from a centralized and integrated into a segmented industry based on the competence of the business people. The new form of trade with free access to transmission and distribution channels has encouraged a competitive trade between consumers and plant owners. In such environments, the transmission network is considered a key factor in the electricity market. Utilization of other companies' transmission to distribute electric power is commonly known as PBJT or Wheeling Transaction. The term PBJT in Indonesia is known as Joint Transmission Network Usage. There are several methods used to calculate transmission lease cost in this paper are used two cost allocation calculations that allow to apply to Bali electricity system that is, Postage-Stamp Rate method, MW-mile method. In this paper, we will apply the Postage Stamp Rate and MW-mile method of Wheeling Transaction in order to obtain the calculation of transmission lease cost acceptable by both parties. Keywords- Transmission, PBJT, Wheeling Transaction, Postage-Stamp Rate, MW-mile

Global development contains a major paradox. On the one hand it tends towards a uniformity in capitalist economics (state neo-corporatism, increasing commodification of public assets, informational monopolies etc), but on the other to a diversity of social forms that rise above traditional cultures and practices. Globalisation therefore has its own culture and communities generated by production and diffusion of electronic information (Facebook, Linkedin, Twitter, WhatsApp, professional and educational networks etc). While this context exists across space it is not fundamentally place based like local communities where people raise their children, create social networks based on material needs and worship their gods. There exists an uneasy tension between these two events, the space based electronic culture and the place based communal culture. Hence the question arises as to whether resistance is either necessary or possible against globalisation which appears to constitute an enduring and irresistible force. Is it possible to guarantee both cultural forms, or is one (the global) destined to exterminate the other? If so how can this be prevented? Local cultures are also faced with their own internal dynamics, usually tending towards stasis, e.g Ajeg Bali movement taking place in Bali Island. But cultures that do not adapt and develop are threatened with extinction. The fundamental difference between the global and the local lies in their structure. Globalisation is fundamentally an economic form that derives its organisation from the ideological tenets of capitalism. Local cultures derive theirs from tradition, religion, social relations, and language. There are clearly a plethora of responses to these questions. For example is a third culture possible, one that merges the best of both systems, the space based and the place based urban life? Other questions follow. ‘Can there ever be “the best of both worlds”? in which case what is to be sacrificed from each social form? Given that capitalism as a system is largely out of control and has no moral core, no bargain seems likely or reasonable, at least from the local to the global. In addition, arguing logically against the seduction of the capitalist system seems pointless – we all want new cars, jobs, clothes and more significantly, our desires fulfilled in a world where needs have largely been transcended. Contextualizing its fifth volume of publication within this context, Journal Ruang-Space offers eight articles. The first one is by Dwi Ely Wardani and M. Sani Roychansyah entitled Inklusivitas Jalur Pedestrian Di Sekitar Kampus Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta, Studi Kasus Penggal Jln. A.Yani, Jln. Garuda Mas dan Jln.Menco Raya Kartasura, Jawa Tengah (The Inclusivity of Pedestrian Paths surrounding the University of Muhammadiyah Surakarta, Case Study of A. Yani Road, Garuda Mas Road and Menco Raya Kartasura Road, Centre of Java Island). The second writing is authored by Cynthia E.V. Wuisang, Frits O.P. Siregar, and Faizah Mastuti. The title of this joint publication is Eksistensi Bangunan dan Kawasan Bersejarah di Kota Manado dan Peranannya sebagai Urban Heritage (The Existence of Historical Buildings and Zones in Manado City and Their Roles as Urban Heritages). The third publication is written by Ariani Mandala and Vania Sheila, entitled Kontribusi Pencahayaan Buatan terhadap Kualitas Visual Bangunan pada Malam Hari: StudiKasus Bangunan Bersejarah di Sekitar Kawasan Simpang Lima, Semarang (The Contributions of Man Made Lightings towards the Visual Quality of Buildings in the Evening: Case Study of Historical Buildings Situated around Simpang Lima Zone in Semarang City). The fourth article is composed by Hafid Setiadi with a title of Perubahan Identitas Tempat dan Konflik Ruang di Pinggiran: Studi Awal Tentang Urban Habitus dalam Transformasi Ruang di Kota Depok, Jawa Barat (Change in Identity of a Place and Spatial Conflict in a Peripheral Area: A Preliminary Studi of Urban Habitus and Spatial Transpormation of Depok City, West of Java Island). The fifth article is by Edi Subagijo and Tonny Suhartono with a given title of Model Pengembangan Kriteria Desain Rusunawa Berdasarkan Kepuasan Penghuni: Studi Kasus, Rumah Susun Sederhana Sewa Kutobedah di Kota Malang (Development Model for Design Criteria of Rental High-rise Housing Unit Based on Occupants' Satisfaction: Case Study of Kutubedah Rental High-rise Housing Unit in Malang City). The sixth paper is by Angela Upitya Paramitasari, Witanti Nur Utami, and Aria Adrian. The tittle of this paper is Identifikasi Kriteria Perancangan ‘Eks Palaguna’ di CBD Kota Bandung Berdasarkan Identitas Kota melalui Sense of Place (The Identification of Design Criteria for Ex Palaguna in Bandung Central Business District based on Urban Identity and Sense of Place). The seventh article is authored by Ema Yunita Titisari, Antariksa, Lisa Dwi Wulandari, and Surjono, entittled Sumber Air dalam Ruang Budaya Masyarakat Desa Toyomerto Singosari, Malang (Water Sources in Cultural Space of the Toyomerta Community in Singosari, Malang). The last one is written by Ni Ketut Ayu Intan Putri Mentari Indriani, entitled The Formation of Territoriality within a Crowded Settlement of Kampung Jawa, in Denpasar City (Proses Terbentuknya Teritorialitas pada Permukiman Padat Penghuni di Kampung Jawa, Denpasar).

This paper proposed Canny edge detection to detected saliency map on traffic sign. The edge detection functions by identifying the bounds from an object on an image. The edge of an image is an area that has a strong intensity of light.The pixel intensity of an image changes from low to high values or otherwise. Detecting the edge of an image significantly will decrease the amount of data and filters insignificant information by not deleting necessary structure from the image. The image used for this paper is a digital capture of a traffic sign with a background. The result of this study shows that Canny edge detection creates saliency map from the traffic sign and separates the road sign from the background. The image result tested by calculating the saliency distance between a tested image and trained image using normalized Euclidean distance. The value of normalized Euclidean distance is set between 0 to 2. The testing process is done by calculating the nearest distance between the tested vector features and trained vector features. From the examination as a whole, it can be concluded that road sign detection using saliency map model can be built by Canny edge detection. From the whole system examination, it resulted a accuracy value of 0,65. This value shows that the data was correctly classified by 65%. The precision value has an outcome of 0,64, shows that the exact result of the classification is 64%. The recall value has an outcome of 0,94. This value shows that the success rate of recognizing a data from the whole data is 94%.

Intensification of fish farming has caused various impacts, for example diseases in fish. One of the diseases in fish is a bacterial disease. The use of probiotic bacteria as an antimicrobial agent, which is relatively safe and effective, is a strategy to treat the disease. Bacillus subtilis is probiotic bacteria which can produce bacteriocin compounds and has antagonistic effects against both Gram negative and Gram positive bacteria. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antagonist activity of B. subtilis against Streptococcus iniae and Pseudomonas fluorescens. Antagonist activity test was done by using paper disc diffusion against the bacteria. The variations on the test paper disc method used were based on the difference of B. subtilis incubation time, such as: 0, 6, 12, 18, 24 and 30 hours. The results showed B. subtilis (generation time = 30.62 min) produced antibacterial compounds which inhibited the growth of the bacteria. Antagonist activity was detected in early exponential phase, six hours, with inhibition zone diameter of 7.28 ± 0.18 mm (S. iniae) and 6.75 ± 0.11 mm (P. fluorescens) and reached optimum at early stationary phase, 24 hours, the inhibition zone diameter of 8.84 ± 0.28 mm (S. iniae) and 9.14 ± 0.91 mm (P. fluorescens). It can be concluded that B. subtilis can contribute in controlling the spread of bacterial diseases in fish farming, particularly caused by S. iniae and P. fluorescens ABSTRAK Intensifikasi budidaya ikan telah menyebabkan berbagai dampak, seperti penyakit pada ikan. Salah satunya adalah penyakit bakteriawi. Penggunaan bakteri probiotik sebagai agen antimikrob yang aman dan efektif adalah salah satu strategi untuk menanggulangi penyakit tersebut. Bacillus subtilis merupakan bakteri probiotik yang dapat memproduksi senyawa bakteriosin dan memiliki efek antagonis terhadap bakteri Gram negatif dan positif. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengevaluasi aktivitas antagonis dari B. subtilis terhadap Streptococcus iniae dan Pseudomonas fluorescens. Uji aktivitas antagonis dilakukan dengan menggunakan difusi cakram kertas terhadap bakteri uji. Variasi perlakuan pada uji cakram kertas adalah menggunakan perbedaan waktu inkubasi B. subtilis, yaitu waktu inkubasi 0, 6, 12, 18, 24 dan 30 jam. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, B. subtilis (waktu generasi=30,62 menit) dapat memproduksi senyawa antibakteri yang dapat menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri uji. Aktivitas antagonis terdeteksi pada awal fase eksponensial yaitu inkubasi enam jam, dengan diameter zona hambat sebesar 7,28 ± 0,18 mm (S. iniae) dan 6,75 ± 0,11 mm (P. fluorescens) dan mencapai optimum pada awal fase stasioner yaitu inkubasi 24 jam, dengan diameter zona hambat sebesar 8,84 ± 0,28 mm (S. iniae) dan 9,14 ± 0,91 mm (P. fluorescens). Dapat disimpulkan bahwa B. subtilis dapat berperan dalam pengendalian penyebaran penyakit bakteri pada budidaya ikan, khususnya yang disebabkan oleh S. iniae dan P. fluorescens.

This paper is based on our work with experienced professionals in the Practitioner in Residence (PIR) Program. The program allows an experienced urban practitioner to undertake a period of supported research in residence at the University of Sydney under the auspices of the Henry Halloran Trust. The aim is to enable professionals to impart their knowledge to other urban professionals and thereby inform their practice. The PIR writes from experience on a topic of concern, relating it to the literature in the field and arguing the case for change. Our PIRs bring experience to the project and, under guidance derive a principle/s that can speak to other practitioners in a well researched and grounded argument. Outside the institutional constraint of their office PIRs are able to bring the wisdom of experience to discussing the politics and pragmatics that contend with planning goals. The program is part of a broader Trust agenda to better connect Australian urban planning practice to the evidence base within urban planning research. Through the program we hope to produce research outputs relevant and accessible to practitioners. The paper discusses the dynamics of the PIR program, the necessary links between theory and practice and the problems of relevance and accessibility of planning research. Keywords: action research, research led practice

The paper proposed usage of LMS Moodle for adaptive learning implementation because of its simplicity and its capabilities. LMS Moodle has wide range of features to satisfy many learning styles. Adaptive learning design in this paper recommended blended learning method which involves face-to-face activity and LMS Moodle utilization. In this initial design stage, only five LMS Moodle activities were chosen. The selected activities have met all learning styles requirements.

This paper presents a system to display traffic density in real time based on speed of vehicles on the main roads in the city of Denpasar. With this application, users who are in a vehicle can get the density of roads information. The software will run on the Android platform created with the help of Google maps with visualization density of roads are being reviewed. Measurement of vehicle speed using the frame difference method, so the computational process can be run quickly and in real time. The trial results of this paper, user (vehicle speed measurement) produces the same data as the data is received by the client (viewer visualization) with the display format is the name of the location, vehicle speed, date and time data retrieval.

Abstract—The face is one part of the human body which are often used in biometric recognition system for high-level differences between the faces of the other faces. Android mobile application with additional security face recognition feature will add to the security of personal privacy of a person's use of telephone / mobile in particular that based on android. Extraction is one of the characteristics of the stages through which the development of biometric facial recognition systems on attendance face recognition applications. This stage aims to extract information from the face image so that it can be used as the unique features of the face in question. In this paper face recognition feature extraction phase is done by using algorithms Fisherface. The image of the face through the training process to the alignment faces and extraction fisherface which is then matched by comparing the value euclidiannya. The trial results in this study resulted in fisherface algorithm does not affect the change in facial expression, distance and lighting after testing two hundred thirty facial image database will still be able to recognize a person's face. Intisari—Wajah merupakan salah satu bagian tubuh manusia yang sering digunakan dalam sistem pengenalan biometrik karena tingkat perbedaan yang tinggi antara wajah yang satu dengan wajah lainnya. Aplikasi mobile android dengan tambahan keamanan fitur pengenalan wajah akan menambah keamanan privasi seseorang penggunaan telpon pribadi/handphone khususnya yang berbasis android. Ektraksi ciri merupakan salah satu tahapan yang dilalui dalam pengembangan sistem pengenalan biometrik wajah pada aplikasi absensi face recognition. Tahap ini bertujuan untuk mengekstrak informasi dari citra wajah sehingga dapat digunakan sebagai ciri unik dari wajah bersangkutan. Pada paper ini tahap ekstraksi ciriface recognition dilakukan dengan menggunakan algoritma Fisherface. Citra wajah melalui proses pelatihan dengan penyelarasan wajah dan ekstraksi fisherface yang kemudian dicocokan dengan membandingkan nilai euclidiannya. Hasil uji coba pada penelitian ini menghasilkan algoritma fisherface tidak berpengaruh terhadap perubahan ekpresi wajah, jarak dan pencahayaan setelah dilakukan pengujian sebanyak dua ratus tiga puluh database citra wajahtetap dapat mengenali wajah seseorang Kata Kunci— Absensi, face recognition, mobile, android,fisherface

The paper wants to inspire and awaken the enthusiasm and potential of women so that they can compete in quality in people's lives. Women have the opportunity to make themselves superior, qualified, and have bargaining values ??in the life of society and the state, if they develop awareness and a spirit of competition, forming themselves into intelligent, strong and independent women. This is reflected in the figures of Ni Diah Tantri in Tantri Carita, Ni Wayan Puyung Sugih in Geguritan Puyung Sugih, and Dewi Drupadi (Pancali) in the Mahabharata. These three figures are able to show their quality as elected women with adequate self-quality. Women who are able to dominate people of their own kind and even the opposite sex and go through and solve other complicated problems.

Endowment insurance with a participating policy is an insurance contract that offers death benefits that increase every year. This paper analyzes a single and monthly premiums of participating policy endowment life insurance using the Vasicek interest rate model. The increase in benefits is highly dependent on the performance of the insurance company's investment portfolio. The model in this study assumes that market interest rates move stochastically following the Vasicek model and the company's investment portfolio follows the geometric brownian motion (GBM) model. This study assumes that the participant is a man aged 30 years and buys an insurance contract for 20 years with non-participation benefits of Rp. 100,000,000.00. As a result, the premium that must be paid by the man is IDR 37,832,555.84 for a single premium and if the insurance participant chooses to pay monthly, the premium is IDR 240,915.59. The insurance premium with a participation policy is influenced by the participation coefficient, the asset volatility of the investment portfolio, the minimum guarantee interest rate and the entry age of the insurance participant.

Analisis kinerja struktur merupakan metode analisis struktur pasca elastis yang mana bertujuan untuk mendapatkan besarnya gaya geser dasar dan perpindahan maksimum pada struktur bangunan. Pada paper ini ditampilkan hasil evaluasi kinerja struktur gedung yang telah dibangun dengan sistem rangka terbuka yang berfungsi sebagai rumah susun empat tingkat yang didesain berlokasi di Malang, Jawa Timur. Gedung ini didesain dengan beban gempa berdasarkan respon spektrum dari peta gempa Indonesia. Metode analisis kinerja struktur dilakukan berdasarkan metode Spektrum Kapasitas (ATC-40) dan metode Target Perpindahan Modifikasi (FEMA 440). Hasil analisis kinerja baik berdasarkan pendekatan Spektrum Kapasitas maupun Target Perpindahan Modifikasi menunjukkan tingkat atau level kinerja yang sama yaitu Immediate Occupancy (IO). Namun kondisi eksisting struktur pada performance point atau level kinerjanya terdapat beberapa elemen strutkur mengalami sendi plastis Collapse (C). Hal ini menunjukkan kinerja struktur belum memenuhi kriteria ATC-40 dan FEMA 440. Sehingga perlu dilakukan perbaikan terhadap elemen strutkur yang mengalami collapse (C) untuk mendapatkan level kinerja sesuai dengan metode ATC-40 dan FEMA 440.

This paper discusses the role in the formation perarem Pakraman related to the settlement of the conflict over the land in the village of Pakraman Show which is located in Tabanan, where land use has a negative impact even cause conflicts between village manners and developers. Issues discussed in this paper is how the role Pakraman role in the formation of perarem related to the settlement of the conflict over the land. Discussion of this paper uses empirical research methods for assessing and analyzing the data obtained in the field. Land conversion in Pakraman Show cause conflict between village manners and developers so as to stop the conflict, prajuru village did Paruman and formed perarem which has kekutan law similar to awig awig, which perarem it provides for the prohibition of developers to enter the territory of the village Pakraman Show. Karya ilmiah ini membahas tentang peran desa pakraman dalam pembentukan perarem terkait dengan penyelesaian konflik alih fungsi lahan di Desa Pakraman Tunjuk yang terletak di Kabupaten Tabanan, di mana alih fungsi lahan tersebut memiliki dampak negatif bahkan menyebabkan konflik antara krama desa dan pengembang. Masalah yang dibahas dalam karya ilmiah ini yaitu bagaimana peran peran desa pakraman dalam pembentukan perarem terkait dengan penyelesaian konflik alih fungsi lahan. Pembahasan karya ilmiah ini menggunakan metode penelitian empiris karena mengkaji dan menganalisa data yang didapatkan di lapangan. Alih fungsi lahan di Desa Pakraman Tunjuk menimbulkan konflik antara krama desa dan pengembang sehingga untuk menghentikan konflik tersebut, prajuru desa melakukan paruman dan membentuk perarem yang memiliki kekuatan hukum yang sama dengan awig-awig, yang mana perarem tersebut mengatur tentang larangan pengembang untuk memasuki wilayah Desa Pakraman Tunjuk.

This paper entitled “Authority Dispute Between The Office of Presidential Staff with the Vice President and also Minister of State Coordinator”. This paper uses normative analytical method with the statute approach and case approach. The Office of Presidential Staff is a new institution that born through Presidential Decree No. 26 of 2015. The chief of Presidential Staff was given authority by This Presidentian Decree to take control of the program priorities. It means that The Office of Presidential Staff have authority to make any programs and also do controlling and evaluating the ministers as routinely. Certainly this could potentially lead to dispute the authority with the Vice President and also Minister of State Coordinator. Presidential Staff’s authority can not be bigger than Vice President, Minister of State Coordinator and also the ministers of state, because the authority expansion of the chief of Presidential Staff would reduce the authority of the Vice President and also Minister of State Coordinator. Establishment of the Office of Presidential Staff is the prerogative of the president in accordance with The 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia but the authority which is granted to The Office of Presidential Staff is not in accordance with the constitution and legislation, especially in the law concerning the state ministries and the law concerning the Formation of Law and Regulations. President should reassess the institutional functions of Presidential aide. The burden and responsibility of government should be enclosed by the Cabinet and ministry-level agencies. Makalah ini berjudul "Sengketa Kewenangan Antara Kantor Staf Presiden Dengan Wakil Presiden dan Kementerian Koordinator Negara ". Makalah ini menggunakan penelitian hukum normatif dan pendekatan undang-undang serta pendekatan kasus. Kantor Staf Presiden adalah lembaga baru yang lahir melalui Perpres Nomor 26 Tahun 2015. Perpres tersebut memberikan kewenangan kepada kepala Staf Kepresidenan untuk ikut mengendalikan program prioritas. Kewenangan tersebut juga berarti bahwa lembaga ini berwenang untuk membuat program sekaligus mengendalikan dan mengevaluasi rutin menteri-menteri. Hal ini tentunya berpotensi menimbulkan sengketa kewenangan dengan wakil presiden dan kewenangan yang dimiliki menteri koordinator. Kewenangan Staf Presiden tidak boleh lebih tinggi dari Wakil Presiden, menteri koordinator, dan menteri-menteri lainnya karena dengan diperluasnya kewenangan Kepala Staf Presiden akan mereduksi kewenangan Wakil Presiden dan para menteri koordinator. Pembentukan Kantor Staf Presiden merupakan hak prerogratif presiden yang sesuai dengan UUD NRI Tahun 1945 namun Kewenangan yang diberikan kepada Kantor Staf Presiden tidak sesuai dengan konstitusi dan peraturan perundang-undangan, terutama dalam UU Kementerian Negara dan UU Pembentukan Peraturan Perundang-undangan. Presiden semestinya mengkaji kembali fungsi kelembagaan pembantu presiden. Seharusnya beban dan tanggung jawab pemerintahan seharusnya sudah terwadahi dengan adanya pemerintah di Kabinet dan badan-badan setingkat kementerian.

This paper aims to revisit the theoretical concepts of Realistic Job Preview (RJP), as a human resource management approach to provide job candidates with information to better match the candidates’ expectations with the realities regarding the job. Further, the paper attempts to present several considerations and strategies in implementing RJP in the socialization, selection, and retention processes of recruitment. The theoretical review presented shows that, when given properly and at the correct timing, RJP could increase job satisfaction, commitment, and performance while reducing turnover. This implies that the information shared through RJP could create a more realistic, deflated expectation about the job and the organization when presented using multiple formats

This paper propose a preprocessing techniques in lung segmentation scheme using Anisotropic Diffusion filters. The aim is to improve the accuracy, sensitivity and specificity results of segmentation. This method was chosen because it has the ability to detect the edge, namely in doing smoothing, this method can obscure noise, while maintaining the edges of objects in the image. Characteristics such as this is needed to process medical image filter, where the boundary between the organ and the background is not so clear. The segmentation process is done by K-means Clustering and Active Contour to segment the lungs. Segmentation results were validated using the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) showed an increased accuracy, sensitivity and specificity, when compared with the results of segmentation in the previous paper, in which the preprocessing method used is Gaussian Lowpass filter.

Feature extraction is an important process in character recognition system. The purpose of this process is to obtain special feature from a character image. This paper is focuses on how to obtain special feature from a handwritten Balinese character image using zoning. This algorithm dividing Balinese character image into multiple regions, then a special feature on each region resulting the data extracted feature. The test result in this paper generates a various semantic and direction feature data. This is because this paper using handwritten Balinese character. Furthermore, the features that produced in this paper can be used on Balinese character image recognition process

The changes in the business landscape between supply chains and the lack of literature on supply chains encourage scholars to investigate the relevant topic. The study aims to investigate the linkage between supply chain collaboration, capabilities, and innovation performance on supply chain performance in emerging country Indonesia. This study distributed questionnaires to 358 logistics managers and forwarders as research samples using a quantitative approach in Bali, Indonesia. The study’s results showed that supply chain collaboration significantly affected innovation performance, supply chain capabilities, and supply chain performance. In addition, innovation performance insignificant effected supply chain performance. Another crucial finding was supply chain capabilities partially mediate relationship between supply chain collaboration and supply chain performance. This result enhanced logistic and forwarder companies manager to strengthen their collaboration among partners. Theoretical and managerial implications were also discussed in this paper. Keywords: innovation performance, supply chain capabilities, supply chain collaboration, supply chain performance

Gender and ecological issues are still a serious problem in Indonesia. This is evidenced by the high rate of violence against women and natural damage that occurs. Education is one sector that has the task of building gender and ecological awareness for every generation. Education has a periodization in the course of Indonesian history. This study aims to examine the value of ecological and gender education in the implementation of education during the New Orde and after reform eras. These two periods directly had a significant impact on gender and ecological education in Indonesia. The methodology in this study uses the library method using an ecofeminism perspective. This study is deliberately limited to only two periods of power, New Order and the Reformation Order. This was done so that this study could be focused and in-depth. The study in this paper will focus on explaining how gender and ecological awareness in education in Indonesia was socialized and internalized, both during the New Orde and after reformation eras

This writing analyzes how the movement patterns of iGeneration Nusantara who visited Bali during the COVID-19 pandemic. The purpose of writing is to determine the characteristics of iGeneration domestic tourists, and to analyze the movement patterns of iGeneration domestic tourists. In this paper the researchers collected data through questionnaires, and literature review. The type of data used is in the form of qualitative descriptive data by 100 respondents who are generated based on a questionnaire with the criteria set are iGeneration domestic tourists who travel in Bali with a maximum age of 27 years. The patterns produced by iGeneration domestic tourists based on 100 respondents, will get the patterns and characteristics. This tourists are dominated by male visitors as much as 65% and women 35%. The trip carried out with friends/partners and family in this writing the dominant iGeneration domestic tourists generally use car and plane transportation when going to Bali. Length of stay for 3-4 days using hotel accommodations, villas, homes of relatives and getting through social media and verbal information. The pattern obtained is dominated by 77% Complex Neighborhood pattern, 11% Destination Region Loop 7%, Chaining Loop, and 5% Stop Over pattern. This finding is expected for industry players and developers to further promote other tourist attractions so that they can be evenly distributed. For the government in the future, public transportation routes can be made to connect tourist attractions, so that it can make it easier for tourists who use public transportation.

As a social phenomenon, tourism is an activity that takes place in different cultural environment. This paper aims to explore tourism experience through the use of photo elicitation as a media for collecting data. The in-depth interviewed conducted using research participants own generated photographs that include aspects such as cultural, social and geographical. and the data emerged from tourist narratives as well as the images. Pictures captured by participants served as the baselined of interview process. Collaborative approach in which research participants portray the pictures and gives meaning to the experiences. The data analyse using qualitative approach and three themes resulted from the analysis; “portraying the sceneries”, “portraying the relationality”, “portraying the hazardous”. The initial two imply into the positive experiences, while the third theme indicates negative one. The findings in this research illustrated how the experience was highly influenced by the physical environment, natural setting of destinations as well as human interactions.

Melaleuca trichostachya Lindl. is a plant belongs to the family Myrtaceae which originates from of Australia. The leaf of this plant contains sessential oils. One of the biological activities of essential oils is as an antifungal. The aims of the study were to determine the yield of essential oils of M. trichostachya leaf, to analyze oil quality, chemical compounds, and the inhibition of essential oils on the fungi’s of Candida albicans. Fresh and dried M. trichostachya leaf as much as 200 g were extracted by steam distillation method with 3 replications. The essential oil content was calculated, the quality was tested, the chemical compounds were analyzed by Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). The inhibition of essential oil against C. albicans was tested with paper discs on PDA media with a concentration of 25% w/w. The results showed that the yield of essential oil of M. trichostachya fresh leaf was 1.00±0,058% while the yield of dried leaf was lower, which was 0.77±0,038%. The quality of essential oils was good in terms of organoleptic, purity, and acid numbers. The main compound consists of eucalyptol and alpha terpinolene and has inhibitory power against the fungus C. albicans.

The existence of archaeological sites on the island of Nusa Penida has an important role in the history of human civilization. These sites have significance for science as well as history, but their potential economic significance has not been explored. This paper aims to show the existence of archaeological sites on the island of Nusa Penida and also the economic importance of these sites. One of the potentials that can be developed is as a tourism object that still pays attention to the principles of conservation and cultural resource management (CRM). The research method is in the form of data collection with observation techniques and also literature study, analyzing qualitative data and presenting data in an explanatory descriptive manner. The results showed the potential of archaeological sites as a tourist attraction. Some of the sites that have the most potential to be developed are the Song Gede Site, the Japanese Cave Complex Site, and the Song Toya Pakeh underwater cave site.

This paper discusses the values, barriers, and social impacts of the Sasak Traditional Marriage Procession in Bayan, North Lombok Regency. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation. The theories used are value theory, cultural theory, and social theory. The research findings are (1) Values ??include: a) mutual cooperation values, b) kinship values, c) solidarity values, d) religious values, e) cultural values, f) spiritual values. (2) The social barriers to implementation the traditional Sasak wedding procession in Bayan, North Lombok include (1) Structural Barriers; which includes (a) differences in social stratification; (b) maintaining the status quo; (c) education level; (d) economic differences (2) Religious Barriers, and (3) Cultural Barriers consisting of (a) vested interests; (b) ethnocentric, (c) cultural differences in society, (d) conventional nature of society. (3) The Social impact of Sasak customary marriage in Bayan consists of (1) assigned status; (2) The existence of new social roles; (3) marginalization, (4) group disorganization; (5) acculturation; (6) decrease in social mobility; (7) cultural colonialization; (8) personality changes.

Western religious and intellectual traditions came together in Monastic life. The production of new knowledge was independent to the time it took for creation. Quality was all that mattered. Today, a bizarre reversal has taken place. Quality has been sacrificed to time. Given the neoliberal state and right-wing politics, the business model itself, lacking any moral core, has been applied to universities. Today, every aspect of academic life must be analyzed, tested, and quantified. Whereas previously, the highest academic accolade was given to a single-authored refereed publication, today, it is the number of citations that matter. Hence articles with ten authors are now frequent, where each contributes close to zero in work, and one’s inclusion is frequently paid for. Overall, the very fabric of intellectual life is being eroded. Far from improving quality, individuals are encouraged to ‘play the system’. Undeniable is the fact that academics themselves are forced to encompass a fundamentally corrupt system of practices to negotiate their interests. Hence ethical behaviour becomes negotiable, and collegiality is undermined. This promotes an increase in plagiarism, deceit, fraud at a global level, and the trading of favours for credit. The following short paper summarises how this takes place. It demands that academics report corrupt practices. It also calls on university bureaucracies to review the critically flawed system they have created. Keywords: academic life; ethical behaviour; fraud Abstrak Tradisi intelektual barat terjadi secara bersamaam dalam kehidupan monastik. Pembangunan pengetahuan yang baru tidak tergantung pada waktu yang dibutuhkan untuk penciptaannya, namun sebuah proses yang mengedepankan kualitas. Yang terjadi belakangan ini adalah sebaliknya. Kualitas telah dikorbankan untuk waktu. Praktek neoliberal, politik sayap kanan dan model bisnis, yang kurang menaruh perhatian terhadap tata moralitas, telah juga merambah ke roda operasional universitas. Saat ini, setiap aspek kehidupan akademik harus dianalisis, diuji, dan diukur. Sedangkan sebelumnya, penghargaan akademik tertinggi diberikan kepada publikasi yang telah melalui proses review yang seksama, dan ditulis oleh seorang penulis tunggal. Sementara yang terjadi belakangan ini, yang dominan adalah kuantitas, termasuk jumlah publikasi dan banyaknya sitasi. Oleh karenanya, artikel dengan sepuluh penulis atau lebih sangat sering ditemukan, di mana sebagian penulis berkontribusi pada level yang mendekati nol. Penyertaan seorang penulis sering kali karena kesediaan yang bersangkutan untuk membayar. Secara keseluruhan, jalinan kehidupan intelektual sedang terkikis, jauh dari upaya-upaya yang ditujukan untuk meningkatkan kualitas, dan pihak-pihak yang terlibat didorong untuk 'bermain dengan sistem’. Tidak bisa disangkal jika dalam kenyataannya, para akademisi dipaksa untuk melakoni sistem yang pada dasarnya ‘korup’ dalam rangka menegosiasikan kepentingan mereka. Dalam konteks ini, perilaku yang beretika menjadi sesuatu yang bisa dinegosiasikan, dan hubungan kolegialitas menjadi teremehkan. Kondisi ini telah mendorong peningkatan praktek plagiat, penipuan, pemalsuan di tingkat global, dan terjadi pula proses memberi bantuan dengan harapan pihak yang dibantu akan melakukan hal yang sama dikemudian hari. Tulisan singkat berikut ini merangkum bagaimana hal ini terjadi. Artikel ini menuntut agar para akademisi melaporkan praktik-praktek keakademikan yang tidak genah dan juga memohon birokrasi di level universitas untuk meninjau ulang sistem yang telah mereka buat dan menyebabkan terjadinya kondisi-kondisi yang dipaparkan di dalam tulisan ini. Kata kunci: kehidupan akademik; tingkah laku beretika; penipuan

Globalization is an era that brings a lot of influence to various aspects of Indonesian people's lives. The development of technology and the use of the internet indirectly also have a big influence on the culture of a nation, including literature. In line with technological developments, writing literary works began to spread to cyberspace or the internet. This can be seen from the emergence of cyber literature on social media. The transfer of media from writing or paper to digital which is easier to access becomes one of the reasons cyber literature is more desirable as a representative media for expression. The object of cyber literature used in this research is poetry. The one of the reasons that underlies the selection of poetry as the object of research is the type of cyber literature that is most commonly found is poetry. At its appearance, cyber literature also appeared in the form of poetry. The poetry used in this study was 100 poetry samples of 2016 Sajak Liar Instagram which were selected through random sampling method. Sajak Liar is the name of a forum for expressing cyber literature in the form of social mediabased poetry in Indonesia. This study analyzes the development, characteristics and poetry phenomena of the poetry of Sajak Liar instagram account in 2016. The stylistic analysis in this study used Warren and Wellek's theory. Furthermore, research on the characteristics of cyber literature uses Nasrullah's theory of cyber communication.

The role of women cannot be denied having a big role in maintaining family integrity in the era of technological disruption. The era where internet technology is growing very rapidly through social media and entertainment. Women who have often played the number two role, can now play a dual role when dealing with the era of disruption coupled with the COVID-19 pandemic that hit almost all over the world, including Bali in particular. This study of the role of women is interesting because not many have raised it if it is based on the teachings of the Catholic religion which has recognized the position of women in the eyes of the Catholic Church since the Second Vatican Council in 1960. The issues raised in this paper include the role of mothers and Catholic families in the era of technological disruption and the role of the Catholic Church in dealing with the concerns of its people in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic in Bali. The theory used is a sociological approach about dual roles. The research method used is a qualitative research method using library sources and in-depth interviews with informants using snowball sampling technique.

The following paper began by serving as a general introduction to this special issue of Ruang – Space. In the course of writing it morphed into a slightly different offering. While a general overview remains, covering linguistic problems and interrelationships, the paper not only offers a basic thesis about Vernacular/Ethnic architecture – thatthe central purpose of vernacular architecture isto inform the present, not to define the past, it also suggeststhe proof. In the course of outlining this idea, works contributed to two former books are cited. The first, Home- A Portfolio of Home over the Ages generated a basic structure for the purpose of analysing the generic features of home. Work previously unpublished is included to reveal the logic and method behind the eight historical chapters in the book. The second Vernacular Transformations – Architecture, Place and Tradition, specifically chapter one, illustrates the development of the thesis in significant detail, and modifies the original model on critique. The article concludes by suggesting that the thesis has been adequately supported, and that the method derived from realist philosophy using necessary and contingent features is useful until someone can improve on this overall system. Keywords: vernacular; ethnic; necessary and contingent features; counter representation. Abstrak Tulisan ini pada awalnya didedikasikan sebagai prolog untuk edisi khusus Jurnal Ruang-Space yang mengambil tema permukiman etnik. Namun dalam proses penyusunannya, telah berubah menjadi artikel yang secara khusus membahas tentang aspek linguistik dan hubungan antar elemen penyusun arsitektur etnik. Artikel ini tidak hanya memaparkan pernyataan mendasar terkait arsitektur vernakular/etnik, tetapi juga menyajikan bukti-bukti pendukung. Sebuah thesis yang diusung disini ialah pemahaman terkait arsitektur vernakular dibutuhkan untuk menginformasikan kondisi-kondisi yang terjadi saat ini, dan bukan untuk mendefinisikan masa lampau. Dalam konteks ini, dua publikasi terdahulu telah dijadikan referensi. Pertama, Home - A Portfolio of Home over the Ages yang dibangun melalui analisa beragam fitur dasar penyusun sebuah 'home-rumah.' Bermacam wujud rumah, yang awalnya belum dipublikasikan, telah dirangkul untuk memahami logika dan metode yang melatarbelakangi penyusunan delapan bab dari buku ini. Kedua, Vernacular Transformations – Architecture, Place and Tradition, khususnya Bab pertama, yang memberikan ilustrasi secara detil, bagaimana arsitektur vernakular dipahami. Di akhir, artikel ini merangkum jika kemunculan thesis di atas telah didukung dengan metode yang dilandasi filosofi seorang realist, dengan memanfaatkan fitur-fitur yang ada. Ini hanya akan berubah jika pernyataan/ide baru muncul, dengan tujuan untuk memperbaiki thesis ini. Kata kunci: vernakular, etnik, rumah, tradisi

In the Lesser Sunda Islands of the Indonesian Republic a Kampung is located in Flores Island. It is called Kampung Wae Rebo and constitutes the focus of this paper. Here the formation of traditional settlements with their ritual practices has a dominant role. Here, culture is the determining factor that shapes the living environment. The Manggarai ethnic group who live in Wae Rebo is well known for their enduring perpetuation of tradition. One such tradition is selected for in-depth study - that of the annual ceremony of penti. This takes the form of a giant ritual pertaining to the agricultural life of the community. Here a series of activities relating to this ritual have affected the spatial formation of the Wae Rebo settlement in unique ways. The study methodology deploys concepts derived from both structuralism and hermeneutics. In conclusion the following paper suggests that the existence of Wae Rebo settlement has been historically determined by five elements, namely; the social structure of the community; ritual practices; harmony with nature; defence from both internal and external forces; and the adaptive qualities of culture. Keywords: spatial arrangement; traditional settlement; Kampung Wae Rebo; ritual penti Abstrak Di Kepulauan Sunda Kecil, tepatnya di Pulau Flores, terdapat Kampung Wae Rebo dengan pola permukiman tradisional yang didominasi oleh praktek-praktek ritualnya. Dalam konteks ini, budaya merupakan faktor determinan dalam proses pembentukan permukimannya. Suku Manggarai merupakan sekelompok etnik di Kampung Wae Rebo yang mempertahankan tradisi ini secara turun-temurun. Salah satu tradisi yang menjadi fokus penelitian ini adalah ritual tahunan penti. Ritual ini merupakan praktek budaya bertani yang dilakukan oleh masyarakatnya. Rangkaian ritual ini telah mempengaruhi keunikan pola permukiman kampung ini. Studi ini dilakukan melalui pendekatan structuralism dan hermeneutics. Pada akhirnya, eksistensi permukiman Kampung Wae Rebo secara kebersejarahannya ditentukan oleh lima element, diantaranya: struktur masyarakatnya; praktek-praktek ritual; keharmonisan dengan alam; pertahanan dari faktor eksternal dan internal; dan adaptasi budaya.

Hotel is one of the service industries that provide accommodation or lodging. Competition is becoming increasingly fierce with the emergence of various kinds of hospitality industries such as villas, resort, apartment and bungalow. Basic scientific papers proving the influence of financial compensation as well as education and training determine the effect of positive and significant impact on the performance of employees at Bakung Sari Hotel. Scientific papers choose a location in Bakung Sari Hotel with testing data analysis techniques aided linear regression. Using census methods (total sampling) the number of samples obtained as many as 53 respondents. Results of data with SPSS program proves it can be concluded that the financial compensation, education and training simultaneously significant effect on the performance of employees with R2 values of 84.0 percent. While the remaining 16.0 percent is influenced by other variables. financial compensation, education and training of positive and significant impact on the performance of employees partially. This can be evidenced from t value greater than t table (1.671).