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Recently (nowadays) to achieve a natural looking restoration is an ever increasing demand from the patients and also from the doctor side. To select the right color of the restoration matching the remaining natural teeth is always a challenging task. A clinical study was performed at the University of Debrecen Faculty of Dentristry with the help of dental students using two different shade guides. The study tested the influence of gender and knowledge of color science on shade matching. 78 students were asked to find the right matching color of the same upper canine to two different shade guides (Vitapan Classic and Vita 3D-Master) under standard condition. After informing the student about the basic principles of color the matching procedure was repeated. Results were analyzed statistically. In our study we found that gender does not influence the color choice. Matching accuracy is not increased by better knowledge of colors. We can conclude that significantly less students matched the proper color with Vitapan Classic shade guide after information of the property of colors without training the shade selection. Within the limitation of the study design it was concluded that not more students selected the proper color even after giving them information about colors, instructions about shade selections. For the same one canine several color were selected by the participants (6 types with Vitapan Classic and 19 types with Vita 3D-Master) which conformed that visual determination is not a reliably consistent way of the tooth shade selection. The Vita Company 1990s developed 3D-Master shade guide is not widely used, although we found the repeatability is more than 70%.

During the past two decades the incidence of allergies against dental materials has been rising. The most common allergens are nickel, mercury, benzoxyl-peroxide, formaldehyde, MMA, HEMA, EGDMA and TEGDMA. Contact allergy develops in predisposed individuals as a consequence of environmental exposures to allergens. Although the relatively high frequency of contact allergies in children is well documented, its importance during orthodontic treatments is still often underestimated. The most common metal to cause dental allergic reactions is nickel. Nickel-containing metal alloys, such as nickel-titanium, are widely used in orthodontics because of their favorable physical properties. Coated wires (epoxi coating, teflon, etc.) are not only more aesthetic, but can play a role in the orthodontic treatment of patients with nickel allergy. In our case report we present two patients with nickel allergy, and their treatment with alternative orthodontic appliances. During the orthodontic treatment our patients did not have any objective or subjective allergy-related symptoms.

The early loss of permanent teeth following trauma or congenital aplasia and agenesia need to be corrected by orthodontic or prosthetic means, sometimes combined with implant therapy. Preprosthetic orthodontic measures are often an integral part of comprehensive oral rehabilitation. The individual aspects of treatment are aimed at optimizing dentofacial esthetics and at improving masticatory function and hygiene potential of prosthetic restorations. The orthodontic solution results usually in different anatomic, functional, and esthetic problems. In the present study the treatment possibilities of two patients with missing upper lateral incisors are presented. In the first case the problem of the missing upper lateral incisors was solved by adhesive bridges, after the fixed appliance orthodontic treatment, where the diasthema medianum was closed, and the upper canines were distalized. In our second case the same problem was solved by inserting implants, with single, metal free crowns in the upper lateral incisor area, after the fixed appliance orthodontic treatment, where the upper canines were distalized, and the bicuspids derotated. Prosthetic and implant procedures are very demanding and require long-term maintenance. Preprosthetic orthodontics will continue to gain significance in future esthetically-functionally oriented dentistry and that its integration into multidisciplinary rehabilitation is often indispensable.

Cancer is the second most common cause of mortality in childhood. Complex therapy decreases the rate of mortality, but chemotherapy and irradiation may, however, create acute and long-term side effects. Although immuno- and myelo-suppressive side effects of anti-neoplastic therapy are unavoidable, their detrimental impact on oral health can and should be avoided contributing to a better quality of life of these children.

There are various factors which influence the oral status, among them the dental fear. Dental anxious individuals are likely to have more missing teeth and fewer filled ones. This study examined the association between dental anxiety and oral health status in parents and indirectly in children. The authors found that there is positive correlation between dental fear and missing teeth in the older generation. These tendency can also be seen in younger ones.

The purpose of this review was to give a complete summary of the ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder) for dentists, especially for those who deal with dental traumatology. Children with ADH disorder show symptoms of restlessness, hyperactivity, impulsive behaviour and inattention often resulting in serious dental accidents. The article summarizes the literary data concerning ADH-Syndrome, presents a typical case and also deals with the dental considerations.

The Goltz (Goltz-Gorlin) syndrome or focal dermal hypoplasia is a relatively rare disease. Its clinical manifestation shows a great variety. The syndrome characterized by anomalies of cutaneous, osseous, dental and ocular structures. The authors present the case of a six-year-old girl with typical anomalies of Goltz-Gorlin syndrome with special respect to the dental problems.

A new, radiation-free, conditioning protocol, containing the original Hungarian mitobronitol (DBM) (DBM/ cytosine arabinoside/cyclosphosphamide) has been applied to 36 chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) patients followed by bone marrow transplantation (BMT) from HLA identical sibling donors between 1990-1997. In spite of some prognostically disadvantageous factors (half of them were above 40 years, 10 out of 36 patients were in accelerated phase, the disease history was longer than 2 years in average) the overall survival (30/36) and the leukemia free survival rate (26/36) were in accordance with the best international results. Transplantation-related toxicity was remarkably reduced in comparison to bone marrow transplantation performed by total body irradiation/cyclophosphamide (TBI/Cy) or busulphan/cyclophosphamide (Bu/Cy) conditioning protocols. Acute graft versus host disease was present in lower percentage (9/36) and the number of serious cases was only 2/36. Chronic GVH disease, generally known to be associated with antileukemic effect (GVL), occurred in 25 of cases. Early haematological relapse among the 34 patients with functioning graft occurred in 6 patients which rate is slightly higher than reported after TBI/Cy or Bu/Cy conditioning treatment. There was no relapse among patients transplanted within one year post-diagnosis and patients having CML with accelerated phase. The leukemia free post-transplant period was in association with the chronic GVH disease and full chimeric state.