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This study deals with the karren formation of bare surfaces. The used methods are theoretical calculations, field mapping, laboratory experiments, and digital modelling. The denudation rate of karren surfaces on bare slopes and based on the data of measurements, the denudation rate of karren in different vegetation belts were given. Mostly, the development of rinnenkarren and meanderkarren was analysed. A function relation was determined between the density of rinnenkarren types and the slope angle. The effect of the main channel and tributary channels on each other was studied by computer modelling. The impact of the wind on the development of karren and the conditions for the development of tropical karren was also investigated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The development and renewal of brownfield sites have now evolved into an inevitable task in urban planning. Indeed, these areas are considered as potential and hidden reserve areas for cities due to the different urbanisation processes and urban planning trends (urban sprawl, compact city approach, etc.). However, the process of revitalisation is not always a 'smooth journey.' One reason is that merely physical regeneration is not sufficient to reintegrate the area into the urban fabric. It is essential to identify the economic, environmental, and social processes that have an impact on the area, to pinpoint the local actors/stakeholders, and to map the characteristics of the neighbourhood and the internal and external factors that hinder its overall regeneration. Therefore, a detailed and in-depth study should be conducted prior to revitalisation. In this research we examined and prepared a case study of a brownfield site in Budapest (the breweries of Kőbánya in Budapest - which used to be known as the "Hungarian Munich" in the 19th century). We identified the main external and internal factors, as well as local and district particularities and obstacles to regeneration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The use of machine learning is exploding in all areas of healthcare, including the diagnosis and treatment of heart failure. Supervised machine learning can help predict the onset of heart failure, establish the diagnosis, and even predict decompensations. Conversely, unsupervised machine learning is chiefly used for phenotyping of the heart failure population. Several studies have identified distinctive groups of heart failure patients, but the widespread clinical implementation is still lacking. Aims: Our study aims to identify groups with similar characteristics among patients cared for HFrEF at the City Major Heart and Vascular Clinic of Semmelweis University using unsupervised machine learning and to describe the characteristic features of the resulting groups. We then examine the differences in outcome between the resulting groups. Methods: data from outpatients with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction heart failure were collected in a prospective registry. A total of 27 parameters included anamnestic data, laboratory tests, echocardiographic parameters and EQ5D quality of life questionnaire scores. The composite of hospitalization for heart failure and all-cause mortality was considered as the endpoint of the study. Spectral clustering was used to divide the population into three groups. The groups were plotted spatially using principal component analysis. Finally, we compared the groups in terms of parameters and endpoint occurrence. Results: Three characteristic groups were identified in the analysis of 259 patients. The first group consisted of 89 patients with ischemic etiology, more complaining, renal failure, and requiring duck diuretic therapy. The second group of 99 patients consisted of predominantly younger patients with atrial fibrillation, non-ischemic cardiomyopathy, dilated left ventricle, and a lower ejection fraction, almost exclusively on ARNI therapy. The third group of 71 patients included patients with the best ejection fraction, frequently taking ACE inhibitors and MRAs, and not requiring loop diuretics. Group 1 had significantly worse prognosis than group 2 (p=0.013) with a trend to worse prognosis compared to group 3. Conclusion: Our study identified three groups of patients with different characteristics based on a prospectively managed HFrEF registry. After validation on a larger patient cohort, our data may provide a basis for developing targeted treatment strategies.

Local level sustainable energy production via the use of agricultural side products and waste can provide a good solution for present world energy crises. The aim of the examinations presented here is to estimate the amount of vine pruning waste suitable for energetical use in a traditional vine growing region of Hungary in Tokaj-Hegyalja. To reveal the significance of the field we have carried out a theoretical potential estimation on the base of internet data bases for the Tokaj-Hegyalja region first. To make our estimation more accurate we have carried out measurements on the amount of vine pruning waste produced annually in the region considering the local endowments and factors that determine the amount of vine pruning waste. Results of the measurements supported the hypothesis that there is a significantly larger amount of vine pruning waste produced in the studied area than the processing capacity. A further aim of this research is to call attention to local opportunities in reducing energy dependence and the importance of the use of agricultural side products and wastes in energy production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The European Union and Hungary are committed to increasing the share of green energy in the energy mix. There are two main challenges for the Hungarian energy sector today. The first is energy safety that is to provide enough energy to fulfil the industrial and residential electricity demands and meeting environmental requirements at the same time. The other is to prepare for potential shifts in industrial and residential consumer habits. We deal with the political and economic impacts on the energy balance, the booming of electricity consumption, the development of the Hungarian electrical grid and challenges induced by weather dependent energy sources. We present some best practices, in particular low or no cost examples that can contribute to the balance of electricity production and consumption. We examine the conditions of economical operation of microgeneration solar photo voltaic systems after the potential lapse of net metering. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Tudomanyos es Muszaki Tajekoztatas is the property of BME OMIKK and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Among the forerunners of our department one should mention the Institute of Hungarian History and the Institute of Hungarian Cultural History in the Faculty of Arts inside the Ferenc József Royal Hungarian University (moved to Szeged from Kolozsvár in 1921, today Cluj Napoca in Romania). These two institutes were merged into one in 1940 inside the Miklós Horthy University (called from 1946 University of Szeged and from 1963 Attila József University). The Institute of Hungarian History were divided into two departments in 1964: Medieval Hungarian History Department and Modern Hungarian History Department. The former department later in 1989 got its current name. Its members research and teach medieval Hungarian history (prehistory, the Arpadian and Angevin/Anjou age etc.) and early modern Hungarian history (16–18th centuries). The study treats the research fields and studies of the members of the department and its forerunners as well. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study treats with the development of the Institute of History within the Faculty of Arts of the Attila József University of Szeged (later and nowadays the University of Szeged), consisting originally of six history departments (later eight) dealing with different historical periods. The Institute of History was established in 1997 after its operational and organizational rules had been accepted. The governing body is the Council of the Institute, with two members of each department and the representatives of the students. The chosen and appointed Head of the Institute – at first the author of this article between 1997–2000 and later others – directs and coordinates the teaching and research activities of the Institute with the help of the Council. The Institute of History operates a Hungarian language journal (Acta Historica) and a foreign language yearbook (Chronica). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Count Miklós Bánffy headed the Royal Hungarian Ministry of Foreign Affairs in a difficult period, from April 1921 to December 1922. It was during his ministry that the first and for a long time only Hungarian territorial revision in Sopron and its surroundings took place, which was negotiated by the consensus of the great powers. In this period, Hungary joined the League of Nations as well. He sought to win the confidence of the Entente powers, both for himself and his country, as an equal but weaker party, and strived to reach agreements with neighbouring countries on the basis of various concessions. He abandoned the foreign policy path based on Hungarian hegemony and, realising its anachronism, tried to modify the instruments, objectives, and communication of Hungarian diplomacy. Meanwhile, he became politically isolated, and, despite his achievements, was forced to resign. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Béla Hamvas Pest County Library launched the first library webshop of Hungary in November of 2021 under the name of “Books from the city of arts”. Chris Anderson’s long tail concept and Ranganathan’s five laws of librarianship served as the theoretical background of the project. The paper presents the project from the idea to realisation: the administrative issues of a library-run business, the IT development, the products to be sold, the pricing strategies, the operation and the promotion of the online bookshop. The paper concludes that after a few months of operation the webshop innovatively contributed to the accomplishment of the library’s mission. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In our study, we attempt to define the digital transformation processes currently underway in education and intensifying as a result of the pandemic, with particular reference to online education and learning. In the course of our work, we review the causes as well as the role of technology in pedagogy, and explain why there has been a change in the pace of this process. Next, along the pillars of digital transformation, we describe the challenges that have arisen in online education. Our research strategy was inductive theory-making, i.e. we formulated our insights based on data collected from pedagogical reality. The research method is closer to qualitative research, in the framework of which we used the brainstorming technique. The research was conducted according to the method of grounded theory, so creating preliminary hypotheses was not among our goals. Our study population was educators in public and higher education (N1, N2 ), and we used the method of non-representative, easily accessible subjects during the selection of the sample. The number of items in the examined sample (N1 =10, N2 =10) corresponded to the qualitative research, and the data collection was done in online collaborative work. The research method was concept map creation, and the results are presented in the form of thematic graphs. In the course of our work, we give a recommendation on the new possible roles of the library in the digital transformation of the informal learning environments that support learning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Szociológiai Szemle is the property of Hungarian Sociological Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The study overviews research over the past three decades concerning the eminent Byzantine treatise entitled De administrando imperio (DAI) formerly attributed to Emperor Constantine VII (about 948‒952). The study focuses besides the international tendencies on the interpretation of DAI, and on the Hungarian chapters (38-40), considering mainly the sources (possible 9th century Byzantine report, Khazar source, the report of Gabriel or Nicetas Scleros or the oral information from Bulcsú karchas and Termacsu). Basically, the researchers accept the historical value of DAI, while emphasizing the possibilities of errors and misspellings, and even conscious distortions. In spite of all, DAI remains the most important source for the political history of the Hungarians, as far as their leaders (Levedi, Álmos, Árpád), political organization (tribes and their names, the Kabars) and connections (Khazars, Pechenegs, Bulgarians) and events (Landtaking etc.) are concerned. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The original function of ex-libris (bookplates) was linked with books. The meaning of the expression also reflects on that: ’from the library of’. At the turn of the 20th century, with the international appearance of Art Nouveau, a significant change happened: bookplates were gradually separated from books and became independent objects to collect. Associations of collectors were founded abroad and in Hungary; from 1953, international ex-libris congresses have been held as well. Hungary had the opportunity to organise the 13th International Ex-libris Congress in 1970: ”November 5, 1970 will always remain a memorable date in the history of Hungarian exlibris: graphic artists, ex-libris collectors and friends of small graphic from all over the world are going to meet in Hungary for the first time,” declared Andor Semsey, lawyer and ex-libris collector, president of the congress in Budapest. The study gives a detailed insight into the programmes, exhibitions and publications of the congress. The artist generation and the ex-libris collecting intellectuals (lawyers, teachers, librarians, doctors, scientists, priests, etc.) of the time took part in the event in large numbers. Museums and libraries in Budapest and in the country (including the Ernst Museum, the Museum of Hungarian Agriculture and the Lake Balaton Museum in Keszthely, the National Széchényi Library – as part of the Hungarian National Museum – and the County Library in Eger) played an important role in the arrangement of the programmes and exhibitions. The National Széchényi Library opened an exhibition of old Hungarian bookplates from previous centuries. In Eger, an exhibition of Hungarian ex-libris art between the two world wars was on display. In connection with the congress, an international competition was organized. The participating graphic artists could choose from the following topics: Budapest, the city of the 13th Ex-libris Congress; Memorial graphic on the occasion of the 25th anniversary of the death of Béla Bartók; Wine and grapes on bookplates. A significant number of the works of Hungarian graphic artists were featured in the international exhibitions, too. The Hungarian journal on small graphic Kisgrafika gave a detailed report on the events and the Hungarian press of the time covered the main programme as well. The congress was favourably received and highly appreciated internationally. It is no coincidence that the French professor and renowned exlibris collector, Paul Pfister – who also took part in the event – called Hungary “Ex-libris land”. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During the so-called Long War or Fifteen Years War (1593–1606) between the Ottoman and the Habsburg Empires this two weeks campaign (30 July – 12 August 1598) was one of the most successful military operation of the imperial armies. After the first five years of changing luck – loss of Győr and Eger and the defeat at Mezőkeresztes and the recapture of Esztergom – in March 1598 Győr was regained in one day. In the summer of 1598 the allied Christian army (about 20.000 soldiers), led by General Adolf von Schwarzenberg and assisted by Miklós Pálffy and others, reoccupied 8 forts from the Ottomans: Tata, Gesztes, Csókakő, Palota, Veszprém, Vázsony, Tihany and Csesznek. Only Tata and Palota offered resistance, the guards of the other fortresses just fled. The study analyzes with the help of archival and secondary sources the structure of the imperial army, the events and importance of this lightning war in the east Transdanubian territory of Hungary belonging to the Vilayet of Buda at that time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Szociológiai Szemle is the property of Hungarian Sociological Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The study reviews the ALMPUB (The ALM-Field – Archives, Libraries, Museums –, Digitalization and the Public Sphere) project, and summarizes its main achievements. The project was initiated and co-ordinated by the Oslo Metropolitan University (OsloMet), and was financed by the Norwegian Research Council within its KULMEDIA programme. In addition to the university leading the project, several partner institutions from Norway and abroad were involved in the programme: the Norwegian National Library, the West Norwegian College, the Tromsø University, two major Scandinavian universities with library science departments (Uppsala, Sweden and Copenhagen, Denmark), a German (Potsdam) and a Swiss library school (Chur University), as well as the Hungarian Library Institute as commissioned by the National Széchényi Library. The international research investigated the role of libraries, archives and museums in society in a European context. Researchers sought answer to the question how changing technologies impact the forms of cultural expression, as well as how culture and media influence society. Four methods were used: 1) digitization policies were analysed, first of all in Norway, with an outlook to some European partner countries; 2) a representative survey was carried out among the inhabitants of six countries about the role of libraries, archives and museums in society; 3) nationwide surveys were carried out in each country among the staff members of libraries, archives and museums about the tasks, priorities and mission of their organizations; 4) case studies were done in certain fields which help to understand the findings of empirical research on the one hand, and highlight interesting phenomena on the other. During the project conferences and workshops were held, one of these in the National Széchényi Library, Budapest. The ALMPUB project gave birth to new scientific achievements which contributed to a new interpretation of digitization and of public collections as a public sphere. Data processing and the dissemination of results will take place till September 30, 2020. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The National Széchényi Library’s reading research workshop (an organizational unit of the Centre for Library Science and Methodology, CLSM) has been operating since the 1960’s. The national representative surveys carried out by this team were a very significant, but not the only outcome of their activities. They also carried out research using the tools of sociography, together with a publishing activity which remained relevant to our days. Practical tasks such as bibliotherapy, reading camps and direct methodological work were also accomplished. This heritage has provided a stable foundation for HLI’s related activities, and also involves a responsibility for current staff members to continue these traditions and to preserve intellectual values. The social and technological changes having taken place in the 2000’s brought major challenges for the profession and for the research workshop as well. The need arose for new forms of research and analyses, whose usefulness could be directly demonstrated to decision-makers, this is why new genres came to the foreground: literature reviews and studies about some partial issues of the library system. Expensive surveys on a nationally representative sample could only be carried out with partners. Regular research carried out since the 1960’s was continued in this form, in order to further record the trends based on the data of the time series. Elementary survey data were always published by the Department of Research and Organization Development in quick reports. These data would give now an opportunity for new queries and analyses, for which the author provides some examples. The reading and library-sociological research carried out by HLI over the past 20 years is an organic continuation of the high-quality work accomplished by its predecessor in CLSM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Though the geography of energy has been part of regional geography for more than half a century now, it has also long been considered as a subject area within economic geography, and is thus deeply rooted in human geography. Being part of regional sciences, however, means it is an integrating subject and its own values and achievements should not be neglected. Due to the growing importance of energy resources and their environmental impact within many scientific fields, some geographers have begun to identify geography of energy as an individual subject specialisation based on its own merits. This simply means that energy geography forms a strong bond between the two major branches of geography: the physical and the human. From this perspective, geography of energy is a bridge connecting the fields of geographical disciplines, and with such a high importance, it needs to be defined, and its roots and historical importance must be brought forward. The main aim of this paper, therefore, is to consolidate a large amount of information on the historical development of geography of energy, mostly at the international, but also at the Hungarian, level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study focuses on the origin of the sources of chapter 38 (Turk/Hungarian) of the De administrando imperio (DAI) of Byzantine Emperor Constantine VII. According to the preliminary phrase (“It is worth knowing that” or “That”) and the content of the chapter (Hungarian and Khazar information), and possible informators, one can count with Hungarian, Khazar or Khazar/Kabar sources. These include the possible report of Nicetas Scleros in 894‒895, the report of cleric Gabriel (chapter 8th) from about 900-s, and the information from the Hungarian embassy of Bulcsu karchas and Termacsu (great grandson of prince Árpád) from 948 (chapter 40th). Besides, the information might come from Khazar sources through Byzantine source (the Byzantine embassy of Constantine-Cyrill in 861 to Khazaria) or from the joining Khazar/Kabars (chapter 39th). The author of the paper emphasizes the importance of the embassy of Gabriel and the possiblity of the Kabar source, besides the Hungarian tradition represented by Termacsu and Bulcsu. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The number of MSc and BSc geography students has been constantly decreasing in Hungarian universities over the past 8-10 years. This negative trend fits into a general decline in student numbers in Hungary since 2005. Therefore, our aim was to conduct a nationwide survey among Geography MSc and BSc graduates, in order to reveal employment opportunities, as well as their perceptions on the value of the knowledge and competences gained at the university. The online questionnaire was developed and launched by the representatives of all Hungarian higher education institutions involved in geography training, resulting in a sample size of 589 respondents. The survey confirmed that the jobs and occupations of graduates show an extraordinarily heterogeneous picture; only the domains of regional planning and education represent a substantial share, whereas a significant proportion of jobs are only loosely related to geography. Theoretical knowledge obtained at the university is predominantly utilised by the graduates remaining in the academic sphere and by those working in the field of education. Roughly half of the respondents are occupied in the private sector; they mainly benefit from practical and professional skills such as (geo)informatics, mapping, field experiences, report-making, and teamwork. Accordingly, for those who are not willing to become teachers or researchers, further strengthening of these skills seems to be a fundamental task in Geography as a discipline of higher education. In addition, reforming 'training and outcome requirements' (KKK) in a way to make curricula more flexible and, where appropriate, to enable tailor-made specialisation should be important aspects of the planned improvement of education as well. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Tudomanyos es Muszaki Tajekoztatas is the property of BME OMIKK and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Acta Universitatis Szegediensis de Attila Jozsef Nominatae: Acta Historica is the property of University of Szeged, Institute of History and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In 2017, in the priority project entitled „My library“, within the EU project of the Metropolitan Szabó Ervin Library (EFOP-3.3.3.-VEKOP-16-2016-000001 "Museum Museum and library developments for all"), two nationally representative reading and library usage surveys were conducted with 1,500 participants among the age group 3 to 18 and aged older than 18 (for the earlier reports see Könyvtári Figyelő 2018/1. pp. 45- 60., and 2018/2. pp. 188-200.). This time the answers on reading tales collected in the 3 to 17 age group are analyzed. Data have been collected in four age groups (kindergarten, lower and upper sections of elementary school and secondary school), through personal inquiries, in the case of children younger than 10 in the presence of parents, and in a home environment. Parents' educational qualifications, occupation, the geographical location of the place of residence and school type are all influencing factors of reading habits. Children to whom tales are read are more likely to become readers themselves, and with their better competences of text comprehension, they succeed better in learning and later at work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Allam - es Jogtudomany is the property of Centre for Social Sciences Institute and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Tudomanyos es Muszaki Tajekoztatas is the property of BME OMIKK and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Szociológiai Szemle is the property of Hungarian Sociological Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In preparation for the Digital National Development Programme, and the Library Digitization Strategy as part of the Public Collections' Digitization Strategy, in the summer of 2017 researchers at the Hungarian Library Institute, commissioned by the Ministry of Human Resources, completed a nationwide questionnaire survey on the digitization activities of Hungarian libraries. Participants included the national library, special, academic, church libraries, and large public libraries. The questionnaires were returned by 61.73% of respondents. The collected data covered electronic documents in the given collection, tools used in digitization, the status of digitization in the given library type (work performed vs. work to be completed), and the publication of digital content. 88% of respondents possessed digital documents, and 70% of them carried out digitization of materials in the past year. Most of the libraries (73%) digitized themselves, using their own devices, while others outsourced this work. The typical digitization tools were page and book scanners, although these are not appropriate for mass digitization. County and township libraries can be considered as organizations the most conscious about digitization. It can be stated in general that digitization activities are coming increasingly to the focus of libraries [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the autumn of 2017 the Metropolitan Szabó Ervin Library, in co-operation with the researchers of the Hungarian Library Institute, organized a nationwide representative reading survey among the age groups 3 to 18 and the adult population (older than 18 years). This survey was part of the project "My library" within the EU grant (EFOP, Human Resources Operative Programme) entitled "Museum and library developments for everyone". The quick report covers the following areas: library use (membership, frequency of use), library utilization, features of reading books and journals, readers' daily menu (what kind of contents they consumed the previous day), and the evolution of readers' taste. From its findings the report focuses on time series data that can be compared to previous studies. Some general trends are already noticeable. The frequency of personal library use has decreased slightly, but recently more people benefit from library services than before. The proportion of regular print book readers within the Hungarian society has significantly decreased, while the proportion of non-readers has slightly diminished. There has been no major change in readers' taste (regarding recent reading or favourite author) over the last decade. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lajos Szádeczky Kardoss (1859-1935) being an eminent scholar published a lot of books and studies, predominantly from the Transylvanian and Hungarian history of the 16- 17th centuries. He became a professor at the University of Budapest and later at the universities of Kolozsvár and Szeged. His style can be characterized as a vivid, picturesque and Romantic description of the events. However, he can be considered a positivist historian basing his statements ever on archival sources, which he often added as an appendix to his monographs. He published most of his studies between 1882 and 1898 on the Ottoman era of Hungary. His most outstanding volumes were written about the age of Michael voivode (The history of Transylvania and Michael, 1882-1883; republished in 1893) and about the Transylvanian and Polish ruler, Stephen Báthory (The Election of Stephen Báthory as a Polish King, 1887). He also published smaller monographies about other historical personalities (Gáspár Bekes; Farkas Kovacsóczy; Maria Christierna - wife of Sigismund Báthory; Imre Thököly) and besides a lot of other studies and source publications. The author of this study analyzes the works of Lajos Szádeczky-Kardoss, whom he regards a great historian and a good patriot. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

At the beginning of the year 1707 sixty Muslim and Greek merchants arrived from Belgrade and Temesvár to Szeged to sell their goods in Hungary. They paid the usual duties, then got permission from General Johann Friedrich Globitz to go to Kecskemét. However, the raiding Serbian Hussars and Haiduks of Commander Constantin von Kobila attacked the city of Kecskemét and not sparing even the Turkish merchants robbed the city, killed or captured its inhabitants. Among the Muslim and Greek merchants 55 were massacred and their possessions were taken away. In this study I examine the antecedents and causes of this unprecedented case. Besides I present the evolving diplomatic strife between the insurgent Kuruc and the Ottomans, and between the Habsburgs and the Ottomans; namely how the frontier Turkish officials, Elci Ibrahim and Ali Pashas of Temesvár from one side, and General Dietrich Nehem of Pétervárad and his trustee, secretary and interpreter, Johann Adam Lachowitz from the other side tried to represent their interests and to settle the case. The deal gives a glimpse to frontier conditions in Hungary after the expulsion of the Ottomans, who remained parts of everyday life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Library Review / Konyvtari Figyelo is the property of Konyvtari Figyelo (Library Review) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Library Review / Konyvtari Figyelo is the property of Konyvtari Figyelo (Library Review) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

While the surviving historical sources at least occasionally inform us about the dates of aristocratic marriages, they almost completely keep silent about the wedding presents that were exhanged on such solemn occasions. This paper accordingly presents a document, as yet unique of its kind, which also sheds light on the gifts that were offered to the married couple on the occasion of their nuptials. The marriage of István Bátori, palatine of the Hungarian Kingdom, and Sophie, duchess of Mazovia from the Polish royal Piast dynasty, is one of the best documented such ceremonies from the medieval period. Alongside the date of the ceremony, we also know the marriage contract, and even some at least of the invitations issued for the later postponed wedding have come down to us. Likewise known is the date of the nuptials that were eventually celebrated two years later, in February 1523, and the names of some of the participants. All that was missing to round out the picture was a list of the wedding presents that the invited guests offered to the married couple. A recently discovered source, while not containing all such gifts, at least makes us know a major group of them. According to the charter in question, the second husband of duchess Sophie, 'Master of the Table' Lajos Pekri accused in 1550 András Bátori, magister tavarnicorum of having robbed from the castle of Dévény a great number of valuables, itemized in the document, altogether worth forty-six thousand florins, belonging to Lajos himself, his late spouse duchess Sophie, and his stepdaughter Anna. Fortunately, the list of stolen pieces, garments and jewellery, also contains those presents that had been given to the duchess on the occasion of her first marriage to palatine István Bátori. The uniqueness of the case narrated by the charter sufficiently justifies its publication here in extenso. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Szociológiai Szemle is the property of Hungarian Sociological Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In this series the staff members of the Department of Library and Information Science at the Eötvös Loránd University present the edited and commented version of career interviews found in the legacy of the former Head of Department, Krisztina Voit. These, till now unpublished interviews were made sometime in the eighties with great personalities of Hungarian librarianship. This interview is with Sándor Kozocsa, a prominent bibliography editor at the National Széchényi Library, the father of the current bibliography of Hungarian literature history, an outstanding expert in his field. The interview is complemented by a biography, career path, selected bibliography of works and notes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Tudomanyos es Muszaki Tajekoztatas is the property of BME OMIKK and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The topic of immigration has occupied a central place in the historiography of American history since the end of the nineteenth century. The article looks at seminal works on the history of immigration to examine the major topics and paradigm shifts within immigration history and migration research in the last hundred years. During this period historians moved away from depicting immigration as a linear movement between two states towards more complex models of migration. Americaand Europe-centred narratives have been complemented by research informed by transnational approaches. The last hundred years saw radical shifts in the definition of migration, the institutional structures as well as the function of historical research. Narratives of immigration and migration have, however, consistently reflected the changing understandings of American society and identity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]