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The authors performed from 1983 86 gastrofiberoscopic diathermocoagulations and 132 colonoscopic polypectomies. The finding of the high number of adenomas in the stomach - 22.35%/63.15% in diameter to 10 mm/-is surprising. As to complications they recorded in one case mucosal bleeding after gastrofiberoptic polypectomy and in one case a covered perforation of the sigmoid at the site of colonoscopic polypectomy. The discussion is devoted to the present views of the importance of the endoscopic polypectomy in the diagnosis and treatment of polyps in the gastrointestinal tract with the accentuation of the problems of the endoscopic polypectomy from the proximal part of the digestive tube. The authors state the necessity to keep this method for removal of the gastric hyperplasiogenous polyps and the polyps to 10 mm in diameter. Finally, the advantages of the endoscopic polypectomy: unpretentiousness, no risk for patient, high diagnostic and therapeutic value and the economy, as compared with transabdominal surgical approach, are stressed.

Surgical transduodenal papillosphincterotomy (TPS) on 119 patients was compared with endoscopic papillosphincterotomy (EPS) on 507 patients for rate of success and directly related complications. No major differences were found to exist between both approaches with regard to frequency or pathologico-anatomic nature of complications. Satisfactory experience has been obtained by the authors primarily from EPS on patients in advanced age or high-risk patients with choledocholithiasis following cholecystectomy (n = 320), benign and malignant stenosis of Vater's papilla (n = 97), and choledocholithiasis with gall-bladder in situ (n = 94). Intervention endoscopy of bile ducts is preferred primarily for patients in advanced age or for high-risk patients.