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Complete or partial thrombosis of the inferior vena cava is usually due to pre-existing malformation of the vessel, malignant tumors, ascending thrombosis, or thrombophilic disorders. We report the case of an 81-year-old woman, in whom a partial thrombosis of the vena cava was observed in the CT scan when re-staging was performed after six cycles of R-CHOP because of high-grade malignant non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Before chemotherapy was started, the patient had undergone an operation of the lumbar spine using cement augmentation. Retrospective analysis showed that cement had penetrated a segmental vein and spilled into the vena cava leading to formation of an adhering blood thrombus. The patient was free of symptoms and anticoagulation was started. Spillage of cement frequently occurs in the process of vertebroplasty and kyphoplasty and may result in serious sequelae. As these procedures are increasingly being used, physicians should be aware of these complications if a patient presents with thrombosis of the caval vein or signs of pulmonary embolism.

Background: Gallstone ileus is a rare complication of cholelithiasis and an uncommon cause of intestinal obstruction. It accounts for about 1-4% of all mechanical bowel obstructions. The clinical symptoms and signs of gallstone ileus are mostly nonspecific., Case Report: An 82-year-old woman with recurrent diverticulitis of the sigmoid was admitted because of cramping right upper abdominal pain and signs of large bowel obstruction. Abdominal ultrasound revealed pneumobilia and severe diverticulitis of the sigmoid with signs of ileus. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiography visualized the cholecystoenteric fistula. In addition, computed tomography (CT) scan revealed two stones 3 cm in diameter leading to nearly complete obstruction of the sigmoid. The patient underwent an open cholecystectomy, closure of the cholecystoenteric fistula, and sigmoidectomy., Conclusion: This case report demonstrates that relative stenoses of the sigmoid due to recurrent diverticulitis may predispose to the impaction of foreign bodies. Gallstone ileus is a rare but important differential diagnosis of intestinal obstruction. Ultrasound and CT scans are very helpful in diagnosing gallstone ileus. The treatment is surgical. Unfortunately, surgical therapy of this rare complication is associated with a high morbidity and mortality rate due to multiple comorbidities and age-related problems of these patients. The management of patients with gallstone ileus should be individualized.