Search

Das International Rivers Netzwerk schreibt seit zwei Jahrzehnten über die Gefahren, die eine einseitige Nutzung des Wassers im Himalaya für die gesamte Region bedeuten. Eine Studie aus dem Jahr 2008 beleuchtete geradezu die Einzementierung des Gebirgszugs durch eine Vielzahl geplanter Wasserkraftwerke. Eine vermeintlich saubere Art der Energiegewinnung spricht unter solchen Bedingungen allen ökologischen Grundannahmen Hohn. Wenig später häuften sich Studien zu grenzüberschreitenden Folgen eines ungezügelten Dammbaus in Form ernsthafter Grenzkonflikte; bei faktischer Nichtexistenz von zwischenstaatlichen Instrumenten zur friedlichen Streitschlichtung. Inzwischen mehren sich Berichte, dass die Folgenabschätzung nicht nur vernachlässigt, sondern die Folgen auch bewusst in Kauf genommen werden. Ein Spiel mit dem Feuer, meint Kadayam Subramanian, in einem Beitrag für die Nachrichtenagentur Asia Times vom Mai dieses Jahres. Die Verständigung über die Rechte zum auszugsweisen Nachdruck hat längere Zeit in Anspruch genommen. Daher der Text erst jetzt - aber gleichbleibend aktuell., Südasien, Bd. 36 Nr. 4 (2016): Neue Ordnungen

Diejenigen von uns, die regelmäßig in einen Pensionsfonds einzahlen, müssen feststellen, daß ihre Dividende für das Jahr 1997 mit 6,7 Prozent die niedrigste in den letzten 20 Jahren war. Dies ist umso enttäuschender, als wir uns in einer Phase steigender Zinsen befinden., südostasien – Zeitschrift für Politik • Kultur • Dialog, Bd. 14 Nr. 2 (1998): Wirtschaftskrise – Auf wessen Rücken?

‘Distributional judgments’—judgments on the extent of inequality in the distribution of income and wealth—are routinely made by economists in exercises aimed at comparing inequalities in alternative situations. Yet the measurement of inequality is informed by certain nuances, which it would do well to be attentive to. In particular, the values underlying measurement protocols are not always made explicit, which tends to lend a somewhat misleading semblance of ‘value-neutrality’ to the activity of measurement. It is argued, with specific reference to the problem of inequality measurement, that such an orientation can compromise the possibility of accurate diagnosis and appropriate policy prescription. There is little that is original in this article, and much that is owed to the pioneering contributions of Serge-Chritophe Kolm. The emphasis throughout is on explicating an important issue through a deliberate effort at achieving simplicity in both argument and expression

Ceramic foams are promising alternatives for packing internals used in chemical engineering processes due to their high porosity and high specific surface area, which results in low pressure drop and high catalytic utilization of the packing. The application of solid foam packings as catalyst carriers, particularly for gasliquid systems, are not yet well understood. Due to their highly porous nature, it is very tough to understand the interplay between hydrodynamic behaviour and process performance [1]. The aim of this work is to perform three-dimensional Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations of the evolving gas-liquid flow patterns considering ceramic foams as column internals and to validate them with experimental X-ray tomographic studies The closures applied for trickle bed simulation studies are modified according to the hydraulic/geometric properties of the ceramic foam considering the flow domain as porous. The influence of the liquid and gas drag is taken into consideration via Relative Permeability approach [2] and added as external source term to the liquid and gas momentum equations separately. The influence of dispersion forces are further included inorder to steady the liquid spreading and liquid saturation. The geometrical parameters of the ceramic foam packing are estimated using µCT image analysis. Empirical correlations proposed in earlier experimental studies are included in 3D CFD models. Initial results of trickle bed reactor simulations were presented earlier [3]. In this work, the validation of CFD simulation with X-ray tomographic experimental studies will be presented and discussed in detail. Reference 1 :: S. Calvo., d. Beugre.,m.Crine., a. Leonard., p. Marchot.,d.Toye.,phase distribution measurements in metallic foam packing using x-ray radiography and micro-tomography, chemical engineering and processing, 48, 1030–1039 (2009). Reference 2 :: A.E. Saez,, R.G.Carbonell, Hydrodynamic parameters for gas-liquid cocurrent flow in packed beds,AIChE Journal, Vol. 31, No.1, 52-62 (1985). Reference 3 :: K.Subramanian, M. Schubert, D. Lucas, U. Hampel, Closures for simulation of gas-liquid flows in solid foam structures, ISCRE23 & APCRE7, Sep 7 – 10 2014, Bangkok, Thailand.

Fifty-eight patients presenting with lymph node metastases of the head and neck were treated at the Bremen ENT Clinic from 1970 to 1988. In none of the patients could a primary tumor be detected despite extensive diagnostic procedures. The 5-year survival rate was 26.3%. During the further course of the disease, six primary tumors were detected in the following areas: nasopharynx (2 cases), soft palate, oesophagus, bronchi and kidney. Prognosis decreased with increasing tumor stages, although histological grading had no influence on prognosis. Supraclavicular localization and male sex were high risk factors. Prognosis was also not improved when ampiric irradiation also included the pharynx as a possible site of the primary tumor.

Die Verbindungen [(C6H5)4P]2[Mo(NO)(H2NO)(NCS)4] 1, [(C6H5)4P]2-[Mo(NO)((C2H5)2CNO)(NCS)4]2, [(C6H5)4P]2[Mo(NO)2(NCS)4] · CH3OH 3, [(C6H5)4P]3[Mo(NO)(CN)5] · 2H2O 4, Cs2[Mo(NO)Cl4(H2O)] 5 und Cs2[Mo(NO)Cl5] 6 wurden dargestellt und durch vollstandige Rontgen-Struktur-Analyse charakterisiert. Alle komplexen Anionen besitzen etwa lineare MoNO-Gruppen, wobei in 1 und 2 eine pentagonalbipyramidale und in 3–6 eine oktaedrische Koordination des Molybdans vorliegt. Komplexe mit {MoNO}n (n = 4, 5, 6)-Konfiguration lassen sich durch bemerkenswerte Redox-Reaktionen ineinander uberfuhren. Einige neuartige Reaktionen des Hydroxyl-amido(−1)-Liganden (Bildung von 2 und 3) werden kurz diskutiert. Preparation, Redox Properties, and Structures of Mononuclear „Simple” Mono-, and Dinitrosyl Complexes of Molybdenum with Hydroxylamido(−1), Oximato, Halogeno, and Pseudohalogeno Ligands The compounds [(C6H5)4P]2[Mo(NO)(H2NO)(NCS)4] 1, [(C6H5)4P]2 [Mo(NO)((C2H5)2-CNO)(NCS)4] 2, [(C6H5)4P]2[Mo(NO)2(NCS)4] · CH3OH, 3 [(C6H5)4P]3[Mo(NO)(CN)5] · 2H2O 4, Cs2[Mo(NO)Cl4(H2O)] 5 and Cs2[Mo(NO)Cl5] 6 were prepared and characterized by complete X-ray structure analysis. All complexes have a nearly linear MoNO moiety, whereas in the anions of 1 and 2 a pentagonal-bipyramidal, in 3—6 an octahedral coordination sphere of Mo is present. Complexes with {MoNO}n configuration (n = 4, 5, 6) can be converted into each other by remarkable redox-reactions. Some novel reactions of the hydroxylamido(−1)-ligand (formation of 2 and 3) are discussed very shortly.