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Cardiac device therapy provides not only treatment options for bradyarrhythmia but also advanced treatment for heart failure and preventive measures against sudden cardiac death. In heart failure treatment it enables synergistic reverse remodelling and reduces pharmacological side effects. Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) has revolutionized the treatment of reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and left bundle branch block by decreasing the mortality and morbidity with improvement of the quality of life and resilience. Conduction system pacing (CSP) as an alternative method of physiological stimulation can improve heart function and reduce the risk of pacemaker-induced cardiomyopathy. Leadless pacers and subcutaneous/extravascular defibrillators offer less invasive options with lower complication rates. The prevention of infections through preoperative and postoperative strategies enhances the safety of these therapies., (© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Medizin Verlag GmbH, ein Teil von Springer Nature.)

From samples of different origin microorganisms were selected using the property of oleophily. All oleophilic isolates (30 strains are characterized in more detail) proved to be Gram-positive, nonsporogenic bacteria, obviously belonging to the group of coryneforms. They are growing on a broad spectrum of substrates, 11 strains are facultatively methylotrophic. They are utilizing methanol as well as n-alkanes and glucose without any supplines. 6 strains are able to degrade and decolorize triphenylmethane dyes, for example crystal violet and malachite green. Because of the degradative capacities, combined with the hydrophobic properties of the cell surface, the group of the oleophilic bacteria seems to be very promising in relation to the development of environmental technologies and ecological investigations.

A method to assess the hearing improvement due to hearing aids is described. This method has been used routinely at a local hospital for 2 years on 200 patients. This method is based on the assessment of the speech reception threshold for sentences ("Marburger Satztest") in silence and in various noise levels (speech simulating noise). The following were used for the assessment of the hearing aid: the improvement of the speech reception threshold in silence with or without a hearing aid, the maximum tolerable noise level (i.e. the noise level at which everyday speech becomes subliminal for patients with hearing aids) and the noise level at which the speech reception threshold with the hearing aid is worse than without.

In a retrospective case control study, 501 cases of endometrial cancer were observed from 1955-1975 and an equal number of matched control cases were compared regarding the following parameters: obesity, hypertension, diabetes, age a menopause, parity, age at first and last delivery, age at menarche, menstrual abnormalities, history of prior endometrial biopsies, concomitant ovarian tumours, family history of cancer and history of exposure to radiation. The statistical analysis revealed significant differences regarding the incidence of obesity, hypertension, late menopause, low parity, prior endometrial biopsies and prior exposure to ionizing radiation. However, no significant difference was found between endometrial cancer patients and control patients as to the incidence of diabetes, age at menarche, age at first delivery and family history of cancer. The results of the investigation are discussed and compared with similar reports from the literature.

The content of collagen in the amniotic and chorionic connective tissue was determined with the quantitative investigation method of hydroxyprolin. Significant differences do not exist between the amount of collagen in the amniotic and chorionic connective tissue. The difference in the tension stability must be based on the variegating pattern of the collagen fibrils.

An accompanying flora of the production strains always develops in each unprotected continuous fermentation process. In the process of production of fodder biomass from gas oil the high specific growth rate provides sufficient selection advantages to the production strain Lodderomyces elongisporus "D" EH 15 against substrate competitors. The accompanying flora uses products of metabolism and lysis as carbon and energy sources. The concentration of these compounds in the medium and consequently the development of the accompanying flora depends on the process conditions. During a period of more than ten years the taxonomic-diagnostic and technological properties of the production strain Lodderomyces elongisporus "D" EH 15 did not change, caused by the permanent selection stress in the continuous fermentation process.

Poly-3-hydroxybutyric acid belongs to the biological polymers, which are produced by bacterials. The determination of the grain size, moisture content, flowability and the parameters for the direct compression was performed in regard of their use as auxillary substance for the preparation of solid sustained release dosage forms. The production of the matrix tablets was performed on the basis of a factorial design. The content of substance, an addition of Heweten 12 and the compression power served as factors. Caffeine was used as model drug. The in vitro release values show, that all three factors have an influence of the drug release. Optimized matrix tablets were produced on the basis of this result.