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Copyright of German Journal of Forced Migration & Refugee Studies / Zeitschrift für Flüchtlingsforschung (Z'Flucht) is the property of Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Existing transcription conventions for spoken language provide extensive solutions to transcribe specific languages, and they can often be adapted to the transcription of other languages. However, the issue is more complex when the audio material is multilingual. In the case of bilingual data and if both languages are clearly distinguishable from each other, this can still be solved by simple typographical marking (regular vs. oblique), but it requires more elaborate solutions to visualise multilingualism and language hybrids, that can be particularly frequent in settings of language learning. For this purpose, I present a transcription system developed for polyglot speaking. With regard to practices of international publishing, but also for the access to languages that are not understood by the entire readership, the translation of language data is discussed in a final chapter. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sulzer, who is known mainly for his theory of art, was an ordained minister, which is seldom mentioned in the discussion of his work. However, his theological leanings had major impact on his work. The article presents his discussion of physico-theology and its importance for proper upbringing of children. Also, his views on the nature of God are delineated. Sulzer was adamant about his theological views, however, he presented them in a nonconfessional manner, thereby reaching in his times a rather large readership. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Internet media, especially news portals, are gaining increasing influence on a daily basis in the media and advertising market, as well as in public relations. However, their development is not accompanied by a satisfactory level of measurement of their reach. In Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina, for the most part, they are compared and ranked according to unique users and page impressions, while still developing are monitoring of time spent on site, as well as socio-demographic data on users of specific content. The paper deals with the phenomenon of the race for as many “clicks” as possible, which enable more advertisements, and critically examines such an approach given that the number of website visitors does not provide answers to questions like – to what extent do we believe the published content, to what extent do we consider it credible, and what is the portal’s actual influence? The authors point to the one-dimensionality of the existing metrics since it arises primarily from the requirements of measuring due to advertising, that is, media planning and buying, therefore, there are insufficient values and information for a more complete assessment of their credibility and influence, including planning in public relations. Namely, the question remains open as to where to publish some media content if our goal for is to reach our target groups and influence their opinions and behaviours, given that this is not necessarily enabled by the most popular portal, but rather the one whose brand guarantees a certain content value to its own readers. The authors provide guidelines for the quality monitoring and assessment of news portals.

Copyright of Osteuropa is the property of Berliner Wissenschaftsverlag GmbH and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article attempts to explore the semantic function of the intracultural alien in a novel by the Georgian author Grigol Robakidse, Die Hüter der Grals, that was written in 1937 during the author's exile in Germany. The novel is, in its performative character, a reaction on the sovietization of Georgia: It constitutes affective auto- and hetero-images with the purpose of triggering certain attitudes and actions on the part of readership. By separating auto- and hetero-images based on ideological features instead of ethnical ones, Robakidse represents Georgia as a part of the Western culture. At the same time the construction of the Georgian self-image addresses rather a European or German recipient and aims to make them familiar with this unknown country. Hence, Die Hüter des Grals may be read as an exophonic project that was supposed to establish a connection between Georgian and Western identities on the one hand and, on the other, to oppose them both to Bolsheviks as their cultural other. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article "The ZFA today and tomorrow - and a big thank you!" reports on the decision of four out of the five current editors of the Journal of General Medicine (ZFA) to end their activities on December 31, 2022. The board of the German Society of General Medicine and Family Medicine (DEGAM) regrets this step and informs the members and readership about the background of the decision and further plans. The development was triggered by the decision at the 2019 general meeting to pursue sustainability, climate-friendly action, and digital solutions as important goals. Offers from various publishers will now be obtained to shape the future of the ZFA. The board thanks the previous editorial team for their work and plans a reader survey for the further development of the journal. [Extracted from the article]

Copyright of GAIA: Ecological Perspectives for Science & Society is the property of Oekom Verlag GmbH and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The Journal for Transactional Analysis publishes its first digital edition after 37 years and 148 print editions. With the digital implementation and a new publisher, the magazine hopes to reach an even wider readership. Although not everything will run perfectly and smoothly, everything is being done to ensure that the magazine is published regularly. The advisory board of the magazine has supported the digitization and wished the new editor-in-chief much success. [Extracted from the article]

Copyright of Nachrichten aus der Chemie is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In this article I introduce a new approach to explore the reading habits of early modern readers. I focus on the reciprocal relationship between the individual reader, a single text, the physical object book and the collection a book belongs to. For a systematic perspective on these complex and dynamic relationships I introduce the concept of the 'responsive reader.' My approach thus deals with the empirical reader; I will look over his shoulder to the text he reads and to the way he reacts to them. The approach is pointed out here on a case study of one edition of Thomas van Kempens De imitatione Christi (probably printed in 1501) from the collection of the Stijisbibliothek in Xanten, belonging to the Lower German Meuse-Rhine-area. But the most important source is not yet the text itself, but the ownership marks and the user's notes that were written on the title page, on blank pages or beside the text. The notes can mean everything from little drawings to extensive comments and they can tell us how readers have received the text, how they reacted on it and which kind of thoughts they connected to it. The personal reactions in the margins are to be completed by biographical information derived from archival materials. Altogether, this information will lead to a vivid picture of the reader, his reading habits, and his personal perception of the text. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In Volume 134 (2022) of the Journal for Old Testament Studies, there is a change in the editorial team. Uwe Becker is ending his long-term collaboration, and Markus Saur is taking over this task. The editors thank Uwe Becker for his work and look forward to working with Markus Saur. They wish for an inspiring readership and challenging contributions from authors to ensure the quality of the journal. They also emphasize the importance of a careful review process and timely publication of manuscripts. [Extracted from the article]

The Romanian poet and essayist Ion Pillat (1891-1945) ranks among the relatively often translated writers of his generation (authors who were active during the interwar period). His works have kept the attention of the German readership several times: Two volumes by Ion Pillat, which appeared in 1943 and 1976 (containing translations by Konrad Richter and Bernhard Capesius, respectively by Wolf von Aichelburg), as well as varied publications in anthologies and other publications have contributed to the spread of his work in Germany and Austria. The author offers an overview of the existing translations and, in the end, refers to his own attempts at translating Ion Pillat's poetry into German. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The essay investigates a striking, but not yet explored phenomenon in the poems of the Spanish Nobel laureate Vicente Aleixandre (1898-1984) and the Portuguese poet Eugénio de Andrade (1923-2005): At the end of the 1940s and especially in the 1950s, both poets turned to the genre of elegy as a primary mode of their poetic expression. The re-appropriation of the elegiac form in the writing of Eugénio de Andrade and Vicente Aleixandre is understood as closely linked to their respective experience of history, although the references to empirical reality in their poems are multilayered, at times also covert or encoded. Both writers turned in the leaden silence of the 1950s toward lyrical remembrance. Despite all differences, the conception of a new strong state unified the authoritarian structures in Spain and Portugal, which put forward a vision of progress against a past marked by political chaos. Both Franco and Salazar conceived themselves as the defenders of an emphatically Christian-European heritage of civilization and culture. The elegiac practice in the poetry of Eugénio de Andrade and Vicente Aleixandre in the 1950s is interpreted against this backdrop as a conscious immersion within an opposed European tradition - a tradition which also perforce had to appear to the contemporary readership as incompatible with the cultural and political vision of the regimes in their respective countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this essay, a prevailing confusion concerning the readership of Eusebius' Historia ecclesiastica is sought to be remedied by virtue of a literary reading of the Historia ecclesiastica as a unified whole. The approach taken does neither intend to find out who actually read the work nor who the intended readers were. Instead of that, the question of the implied readership is raised. It is contended that the Historia ecclesiastica is characterized by an immediate understanding between the reader and the narrator, and that the reader must possess a certain amount of knowledge of Christianity in order to profit from the work. Furthermore, it is shown that the implied reader must able to follow rather technical discussions concerning the genealogy of Christ or the delimitation of the New Testament canon. It follows that the reader should not be regarded as uneducated. While the predominant emic-perspective of the Historia ecclesiastica suggests that the implied readers should be understood as Christians, the apologetic introduction to the work might imply that adversaries of the Christian faith should also be counted among the implied readers. As regards to this problem, the stance of the essay is to regard the adversaries as a secondary audience. Furthermore, it is rejected that the implied readership should also consist of pagans and Jews sympathetic towards Christianity, as these groups are not offered any foothold in the work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses literacy and the reading habits of men and women living in Baden, Germany at the turn of the 19th century. The cultural consequences of literacy and the ability to write in rural area are examined, with particular attention to such print media as books and newspapers of the time up until 1914. Source materials consulted to gauge rural literacy levels included church and locality visitation protocols, memoirs, library, and statistical records, as well as local school teaching materials. Rural and urban literacy rates are compared.

The article discusses a paper entitled "Creative Content in a European Digital Single Market" that proposes a number of solutions toward a unified European policy on copyrights and digital reproduction rights for libraries. The German Library Association e.V., however, expressed regret on the report's strong focus on the economic interests of several market participants rather than on the consuming public readership.

On the basis of a secondary analysis of a nationwide face-to-face survey of the "Institut für Demoskopie" from 1949 (N=1.915) it is analyzed how many Germans ever read the Nazi-weekly "Der Stürmer" in times of the Third Reich and what kind of attitudes went along with it. It is shown that a majority ever read articles in the paper, often in a notice board erected in public spaces. Men and higher educated had a disproportionate share among the readers; the major reason for it is to be seen in their general use of mass media. Whoever read the "Stürmer" had a higher chance than others to have anti-Semitic attitudes in times of the survey. Furthermore men more often had anti-Semitic attitudes than females and younger more often than older people. With regard to education the relationship was less clear cut. However, one thing can be taken for granted: whether higher educated people endorse prejudice more often than other educational groupings is not a matter of cognitive competence, but a function of historical circumstances. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of ABI Technik is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article offers information about the annual U.S. celebration of National Library Week (NLW). The tradition's history is described as going back to a 1955 initiative by the American Library Association (ALA) and the American Book Publishers' Council (ABPC) to increase U.S. readership. The first NLW was held during March 16-22, 1958, and the 50th anniversary NLW in 2008 was hosted by actress and children's book author Julie Andrews.