Search

Two currents of thought play an important role in the contemporary philosophy of mathematics. Although structuralism is not a new idea, it continues to unfold in multiple directions ranging from mathematical practice to its ontological dimension and to be the object of studies, for example as regards the modalities of its genesis. The classical conception of historical epistemology has been broadly enriched recently and is also at the heart of debates that renew the philosophy of science well beyond its classical themes. However, its use in mathematics requires specific analyses because notions such as rigor, experience or ontology have a different meaning and historical weight in mathematics than in the natural sciences. The purpose of this article will be to put some of these debates into perspective by focusing on one of the most significant phenomena of mathematics in the twentieth century—the structuralism of Bourbaki. It will focus in particular on the potentialities of historical epistemology in an attempt to show that its tools enable us to enhance our understanding of some of the issues of structuralism. We will focus on two key notions in the work of Rheinberger, Daston and Hacking, namely epistemic objects and concepts.

The aim of this contribution is to reflect on the process of building the multilingual 'European Literary Text Collection' (ELTeC) that is being created in the framework of the networking project 'Distant Reading for European Literary History' funded by COST (European Cooperation in Science and Technology). To provide some background, we briefly introduce the basic idea of ELTeC with a focus on the overall goals and intended usage scenarios. We then describe the collection composition principles that we have derived from the usage scenarios. In our discussion of the corpus-building process, we focus on collections of novels from four different literary traditions as components of ELTeC: French, Portuguese, Romanian, and Slovenian, selected from the more than twenty collections that are currently in preparation. For each collection, we describe some of the challenges we have encountered and the solutions developed while building ELTeC. In each case, the literary tradition, the history of the language, the current state of digitization of cultural heritage, the resources available locally, and the scholars’ training level with regard to digitization and corpus building have been vastly different. How can we, in this context, hope to build comparable collections of novels that can usefully be integrated into a multilingual resource such as ELTeC and used in Distant Reading research? Based on our individual and collective experience with contributing to ELTeC, we end this contribution with some lessons learned regarding collaborative, multilingual corpus building.

A Stylistics of Exiled Lives. The article explores the correspondence between the particular stylistics of exiled lives (specific ways, manners, and forms of living developed during exile) and a specific critical method (para-biography). While all exiles can be perceived as people with underachieved destinies - exile is, in this case, comparable to premature death, lost works, imperfect style, sterility, etc. - the biographer who endeavors to “capture” the ways of the exiled should rely on a critical faculty fit to such uncompletedness, yet a faculty mostly uncommon to his own lot: imaginativeness or critical imagination. Such correspondence between the unique situation and the para-biography of the exiled has been suggested by Ilina Gregori’s books on three personalities (Mihai Eminescu, Emil Cioran and Matila Ghyka) who turned their own experience of exile into particular expressions. REZUMAT. O stilistică a vieții în exil. Articolul explorează corespondența dintre particularitățile stilului vieții în exil (i.e. feluri și maniere de a trăi, forme de viață dezvoltate în perioada exilului) și o metodă critică specifică (para-biografia). Dacă figurile de exilați pot fi percepute sub specia destinului neîmplinit – exilul este, într-o traiectorie obișnuită, asimilabil unor accidente precum moartea prematură, opere pierdute, stil imperfect, sterilitate etc. – atunci biograful care încearcă să surprindă un mod e viață specific existenței în exil trebuie să activeze o facultate critică potrivită destinelor incomplete, în orice caz, mai puțin utilizată și întâlnită: capacitatea de imaginare sau imaginația critică. O astfel de corespondență între (situația) exilatului și para-biografie mi-a fost sugerată de ultimele volume semnate de Ilina Gregori și consacrate unor personalități care au transformat experiența exilului în expresii particulare: Mihai Eminescu, Emil Cioran și Matila Ghyka Cuvinte cheie: exil, formă de viață, imaginație critică, capacitate de imaginare, para-biografie, forma vitae, lieux de mémoire.

A Novel of Celibacy: Swinburne’s Lesbia Brandon. Swinburne’s lost masterpiece, Lesbia Brandon, is a text that reflects upon the burden of family memory and on the ways a particular individual could escape the reproduction chain. Caught at different ages, Beauty represents for the Decadent writer a state of unequalled perfection, which can be neither expressed nor related to a referent. In this context, celibacy becomes the social condition of Beauty as well as an aesthetic form. A novel with bachelors and about celibate, Swinburne’s Lesbia Brandon transcends its shocking premises (lesbianism, incest, violence, flogging) and reveals itself as a meditation on the evanescent condition of mortal beauty. Along with his favored typologies and themes, Swinburne also devised here a different way to think the relationship between authoritarian (complementary partners) and egalitarian love (equal or identical partners) within the wider ideological frame of republicanism. REZUMAT. Un roman al celibatului: Lesbia Brandon de Algernon Charles Swinburne. Capodopera pierdută a lui A.C. Swinburne este un text care reflectă asupra memoriei apăsătoare a familiei precum și asupra soluțiilor individuale de a ieși din lanțul reproducerii. Surprinsă la vârste și prin generații diferite, Frumusețea reprezintă pentru scriitorul decadent un nivel inegalabil de perfecțiune, care nu poate fi exprimat pe deplin nici prin scris, nici prin raportare la un referent real. In termenii definiți de Jean Marie Schaeffer, celibatul devine nu numai forma socială a Frumuseții, ci și figura sa estetică cea mai potrivită. Roman cu celibatari androginici și despre condiția celibatului, Lesbia Brandon reușește să-și transceandă premisele șocante (lesbianism, incest, violență, biciuire) și să se reveleze ca o meditație profundă asupra condiției evanescente a Frumuseții muritoare. Pe lângă tipologiile și temele ce l-au consacrat, Swinburne a reușit să propună aici un nou mod de a înțelege distincția dintre amorul autoritar (dintre parteneri complementari) și amorul egalitarist (dintre parteneri egali sau chiar identici) în contextul mai larg al unei ideologii de tip republican. Cuvinte cheie: Lesbia Brandon, roman celibatar, indirecţie, serialitate, memorie, decadenţă, androginie.

Copyright of Revue de Synthèse is the property of Brill Academic Publishers and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This continuation of an article in the 1/1964 issue of "Zeitschrift für Sozialreform" discusses Greek laws regulating social security for farmers and agricultural workers. The author goes into detail about social insurance administration, benefit amounts, qualifications for entitlement, and premium amounts. Specifically agricultural benefits include crop insurance against losses due to frost and hail.