44 results on '"PROSOCIAL behavior"'
Search Results
2. Sozioökonomischer Status, Mentoring und Chancengerechtigkeit: Thünen-Vorlesung 2022.
- Author
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Falk, Armin, Kosse, Fabian, and S. Stötzer, Lasse
- Subjects
CHILD behavior ,SOCIOECONOMIC status ,EQUALITY ,PERSONALITY development ,EMPIRICAL research ,POLITICAL science ,PROSOCIAL behavior ,MATURATION (Psychology) - Abstract
Copyright of Perspektiven der Wirtschaftspolitik is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
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3. „Desistance“: Wie kommt es zum Ausstieg aus kriminellen Lebensläufen?
- Author
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NEUREITER, CELINE and ENDRES, JOHANN
- Subjects
- *
CRIMINAL justice system , *ATTITUDE change (Psychology) , *RECIDIVISTS , *PROSOCIAL behavior , *CRIME - Abstract
The article "Desistance: How does the exit from criminal life occur?" deals with the concept of "desistance" in criminology. Six factors are identified that are considered significant for a serious and sustainable motivation for change. The study focuses on the topic of "desistance" and examines how professionals in the criminal justice system can recognize whether prisoners genuinely want to exit from criminality and are capable of doing so. The article deals with the desistance process of prisoners and the factors that can lead to a successful exit from criminality. It emphasizes that a good relationship between the professional and the client, as well as prosocial changes in the behavior and attitudes of the prisoner, are important factors for a successful exit. [Extracted from the article]
- Published
- 2022
4. Gedanken eines Psychoanalytikers kurz nach Beginn des Krieges in der Ukraine.
- Author
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Gabriel, Peter
- Subjects
- *
RUSSIAN invasion of Ukraine, 2022- , *PSYCHOANALYSTS , *NUCLEAR warfare , *PROSOCIAL behavior , *PSYCHOANALYSIS - Abstract
In the article "Thoughts of a psychoanalyst shortly after the beginning of the war in Ukraine," psychoanalyst Peter Gabriel reflects on the war in Ukraine and the nuclear threat. He emphasizes that illusions about the compatibility and prosociality of humans are naive and that willingness to negotiate and military strength are necessary to avoid a power vacuum. Gabriel argues that it is important to recognize the societal dimension of destructiveness within us humans and that a psychoanalysis that deals with this is in the tradition of Freud. He concludes with an appeal to support the desire for peace and strengthen realism. [Extracted from the article]
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- 2022
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5. „Durch die Coronapandemie belastet?" Der Einfluss von durch COVID-19 induzierter Angst auf die sozial-emotionale Entwicklung 12- bis 13-Jähriger in Österreich.
- Author
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Krammer, Mathias, Tritremmel, Gerald, Auferbauer, Martin, and Paleczek, Lisa
- Abstract
Copyright of Zeitschrift für Bildungsforschung is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
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6. Diakonie als Sprechakt.
- Author
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Lüthi, David
- Subjects
- *
VISITING the sick , *DIGNITY , *PROSOCIAL behavior , *INTUITION , *BAPTISM - Abstract
The article "Diakonia as Speech Act" discusses various conceptions of diakonia in diakonia science. There are two main camps: the Christological mainstream and the creation-theological camp. The Christological mainstream considers diakonia as a special form of helping that is in the footsteps of Jesus Christ and is only possible for believing Christians. The creation-theological camp, on the other hand, sees diakonia as normal helping that is possible for all people and is given by God. The article discusses whether Christian motivation is a necessary or sufficient condition for diakonia. Examples are given that indicate that Christian-motivated helping is not necessarily diakonia. The question is raised of what diakonia is if it is not Christian-motivated helping. The text deals with the actions of warning and baptism, which are considered speech acts. It is explained that these actions are carried out by saying something. The author proposes the thesis that diakonial action is also a speech act, in which something abstract is done by doing something concrete. In doing so, human dignity is highlighted by acting prosocially. However, the author emphasizes that not every prosocial action automatically highlights human dignity. The thesis is supported by intuitions about diakonia and is to be examined in the second step based on biblical and theological knowledge. The article discusses the conception of diakonia and argues that diakonia should not only be understood as assistance, but rather as the highlighting of human dignity. The author refers to biblical and theological evidence that indicates that diakonia in the New Testament is understood as the proclamation of the Gospel on behalf of God. It is also pointed out that the relevant texts mention other forms of prosocial behavior such as visiting the sick and prisoners. The article emphasizes that the highlighting of human dignity can happen in various ways and does not necessarily have to be motivated by Christianity. [Extracted from the article]
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- 2022
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7. Soziale Verantwortung statt Resignation: Auswirkungen konstruktiver Nachrichten auf prosoziale Verhaltensintentionen der Rezipient:innen.
- Author
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Steinigeweg, Julia
- Abstract
Copyright of Publizistik: Vierteljahreshefte für Kommunikationsforschung is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2021
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8. THEMA: LERNRÜCKSTÄNDE AUFHOLEN.
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TRAUTMANN, MATTHIAS
- Subjects
PSYCHOSOCIAL factors ,CHILD psychology ,LEARNING ability ,COVID-19 pandemic ,SCHOOL administration ,PROSOCIAL behavior ,SCHOOL children - Abstract
The article discusses the technical losses in learning progress on the one hand and as psychosocial changes in children and young people during the Covid-19 pandemic created learning gaps. It offers information on non-representative surveys of teachers, school management and advisory services with loss of prosocial skills among schoolchildren.
- Published
- 2022
9. Aneignung und Auslegung von Fairnessnormen im Fußball: eine qualitative Studie mit Profifußballspielern.
- Author
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Wahnschaffe-Waldhoff, Kathrin and Mutz, Michael
- Subjects
SPORTSMANSHIP ,PROSOCIAL behavior ,SOCCER players ,SOCIALIZATION ,ATHLETIC fields ,SPORTS participation - Abstract
Copyright of Journal for Sociology of Education & Socialization / Zeitschrift für Soziologie der Erziehung & Sozialisation is the property of Julius Beltz GmbH & Co. KG Beltz Juventa and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2021
10. Ressourcenaktivierung zur sozialemotionalen Entwicklung sprachentwicklungsgestörter Kinder und mütterliches Belastungserleben.
- Author
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Rennecke, Lisa, Melzer, Jessica, Petermann, Franz, and Ronniger, Pola
- Subjects
- *
PROSOCIAL behavior , *LANGUAGE disorders , *ABILITY , *PEERS - Abstract
The study examines the development of social-emotional skills in children with developmental language disorders (diagnosed according to the criteria of the ICD-10) as well as the perceived maternal stress. For this purpose, n = 68 children with language disorders were compared to a group of n = 52 children without any language disorders. In addition, it was investigated whether prosocial skills can favour the personal development. The results show a significant reduction of the perceived stress of mother's of children with language disorders and the children's behavioural difficulties over time and indicate that an early support of prosocial skills can contribute to a lower psychosocial stress situation of affected families. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
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11. “People Help the People”: Der Einfluss von Musik mit prosozialem Text in sozialen Werbespots.
- Author
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Herget, Ann-Kristin and Gunnermann, Lena
- Subjects
ENVIRONMENTAL music ,PROSOCIAL behavior ,SONG lyrics ,SOCIAL background ,BEHAVIOR - Abstract
Copyright of Jahrbuch Musikpsychologie is the property of Audio Engineering Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2019
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12. Prosoziales Verhalten von Kindergartenkindern - Ein Vergleich der Eltern- und Erzieherperspektive.
- Author
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Schönmoser, Carina, Schmitt, Monja, Lorenz, Christian, and Relikowski, Ilona
- Abstract
Copyright of Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2018
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13. Sozialverhalten und Schulleistungen.
- Author
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Becherer, Julia, Köller, Olaf, and Zimmermann, Friederike
- Abstract
Copyright of Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2017
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14. THREE MUSEUMS OF THE ART OF THE PACIFIC AND THE FAR EAST – POSTCOLONIAL, MULTICULTURAL AND PROSOCIAL
- Author
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Anna Jasińska and Artur Jasiński
- Subjects
lcsh:Museums. Collectors and collecting ,art of the Malay ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Museology ,postcolonialism ,Gender studies ,Conservation ,museum architecture ,Prosocial behavior ,the Pacific Region and the Far East ,Multiculturalism ,Aborigines and the Maori ,Sociology ,Far East ,media_common ,lcsh:AM1-501 - Abstract
Three museums of the art of the Pacific and the Far East are described in the paper: Singapore National Gallery, Australian Art Gallery of South Wales in Sydney, and New Zealand’s Auckland Art Gallery Toi o Tāmaki. The institutions have a lot in common: they are all housed in Neo-Classical buildings, raised in the colonial times, and have recently been extended, modernized, as well as adjusted to fulfill new tasks. Apart from displaying Western art, each of them focuses on promoting the art of the native peoples: the Malay, Aborigines, and the Maori. Having been created already in the colonial period as a branch of British culture, they have been transformed into open multicultural institutions which combine the main trends in international museology: infrastructure modernization, collection digitizing, putting up big temporary exhibitions, opening to young people and different social groups, featuring local phenomena, characteristic of the Pacific Region. The museums’ political and social functions cannot be overestimated; their ambition is to become culturally active institutions on a global scale, as well as tools serving to establish a new type of regional identity of postcolonial multicultural character.
- Published
- 2019
15. Do people intervene to make others behave prosocially?
- Author
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Viola Ackfeld and Axel Ockenfels
- Subjects
Economics and Econometrics ,Focus (computing) ,media_common.quotation_subject ,05 social sciences ,Psychological intervention ,Incentive ,Prosocial behavior ,Order (business) ,Donation ,0502 economics and business ,ddc:000 ,ddc:330 ,050206 economic theory ,050207 economics ,Psychology ,Social psychology ,Finance ,Autonomy ,media_common - Abstract
We experimentally investigate people's willingness to intervene in others' decision-making in order to promote a charitable donation. We find that only a minority of those subjects who would donate themselves enforce the donation by banning the selfish choice from the decision-maker's choice menu. Bans are more acceptable if they are implemented only after the decision-makers could choose between the selfish and the prosocial option themselves. Also, many subjects decide against offering decision-makers a monetary incentive to switch from the selfish to the prosocial choice. We discuss potential hypotheses about underlying motivations for the (non-)usage of interventions, with a special focus on the hypothesis that interventions to promote prosocial choice are more acceptable the more they respect the autonomy of others.
- Published
- 2021
16. Entwicklung und Evaluierung eines Fragebogens zur Beurteilung von pathologischem Altruismus.
- Author
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Teubner-Guerra, R. and Ochsmann, E.
- Abstract
Copyright of ProCare is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2014
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17. Der Einfluss der Ausführlichkeit von Vignetten auf die Erfassung prosozialer Einstellungen.
- Author
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Eifler, Stefanie and Petzold, Knut
- Subjects
PROSOCIAL behavior ,VIGNETTES (Teaching technique) ,ATTITUDE (Psychology) ,SOCIAL desirability ,EVERYDAY life ,LOGISTIC regression analysis ,LEAST squares - Abstract
Copyright of Soziale Welt is the property of Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2014
18. Wann helfen wir einander? Befunde zur Bedeutung der Gruppenzugehörigkeit.
- Author
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Edding, Cornelia
- Abstract
Copyright of Gruppendynamik und Organisationsberatung is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2013
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19. Soziale Kognitionen, Sozialverhalten und Akzeptanz durch Gleichaltrige bei Kindern im Vorschulalter.
- Author
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Seifermann, Elke and Buhl, Heike M.
- Subjects
SOCIAL perception ,INTERPERSONAL relations ,PEER acceptance ,SOCIAL belonging ,PRESCHOOL children ,PROSOCIAL behavior - Abstract
Copyright of Discourse: Journal of Childhood & Adolescense Research / Diskurs Kindheits- und Jugendforschung is the property of Verlag Barbara Budrich GmbH and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2012
20. Zur Dynamik prosozialen Verhaltens in einem asymmetrischen sozialen Dilemma: ein Beitrag zur experimentellen Spieltheorie.
- Author
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Vogt, Sonja, Raub, Werner, Weesie, Jeroen, and Buskens, Vincent
- Subjects
PROSOCIAL behavior ,SOCIAL support ,SOCIOLOGY ,GAME theory ,SOCIAL psychology ,DISTRIBUTIVE justice ,NEGOTIATION ,MUTUALISM - Abstract
Copyright of Zeitschrift für Soziologie is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
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21. Sozialverhalten und Schulleistungen: Spielt die Beliebtheit in der Klasse eine Rolle?
- Author
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Becherer, Julia, Köller, Olaf, and Zimmermann, Friederike
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. Konsumentenboykott: State-of-the-Art und Forschungsdirektiven.
- Author
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Lindenmeier, Jörg and Tscheulin, Dieter
- Abstract
Copyright of Journal of Business Economics / Zeitschrift für Betriebswirtschaft is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2008
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23. Wohlfahrt und Altruismus -- Eine Bestandsaufnahme aus der experimentellen Wirtschattsforschung für die Politikwissenschaft.
- Author
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Glassmann, Ulrich
- Subjects
ALTRUISM ,HELPING behavior ,PROSOCIAL behavior ,SOCIAL attitudes ,SOCIAL interaction ,MOTIVATION (Psychology) ,PUBLIC welfare - Abstract
Copyright of Zeitschrift für Politikwissenschaft is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2007
24. [Does the COVID-19 pandemic take its toll? The influence of COVID-19 induced anxiety on the social-emotional development of 12- to 13-year-olds in Austria].
- Author
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Krammer M, Tritremmel G, Auferbauer M, and Paleczek L
- Abstract
During the COVID-19 pandemic, students have been severely affected by measures such as school closures and homeschooling. While it is obvious that these measures influenced students' academic achievement, there is also reason to believe that students' social-emotional development has been impacted.The present study investigates (1) the extent to which students in Austrian secondary school (12 to 13 years old) feel stressed by the COVID-19 pandemic, and (2) how the different levels of stress affect their social-emotional development. The focus of this study is on the development of problematic behavior (internalized and externalized behavior problems) and prosocial behavior. In total, 774 students participated in the study and 650 students took part in three different times of measurement, with the last time of measurement taking place just before the second school closure as a measure in the COVID-19 pandemic.Almost 20% of the respondents show higher stress-levels in terms of COVID-19 induced anxiety. Students with higher stress-levels also display a more negative development in their internalized behavior problems. Likewise, for students' development of externalized behavior problems, a trend in this direction was demonstrated, yet less pronounced. Students who reported a higher stress-level also developed more prosocial behavior. Yet, we could not statistically verify this due to violation of statistical prerequisites., (© Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden GmbH, ein Teil von Springer Nature 2022.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
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25. Wohlfahrtsstaatliche Entsolidarisierung? Soziologische Diagnosen im Lichte repräsentativer Umfragedaten.
- Author
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Krüger, Jürgen
- Subjects
SOLIDARITY ,WELFARE state ,PROSOCIAL behavior ,GLOBALIZATION ,INTERNATIONAL markets ,ALTRUISM - Abstract
The article discusses the question of whether previous socialist initiatives at solidarity in the German welfare state have since then tended toward a more individualized perspective and undoing of social solidarity. It is suggested that this process has necessarily resulted from economic globalization and political internationalization. Survey data regarding individual altruism and voluntary social assistance as aspects of solidarity are presented.
- Published
- 1999
26. Enacting Rituals to Improve Self-Control
- Author
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Jane L. Risen, Francesca Gino, Gerald Häubl, Allen Ding Tian, Juliana Schroeder, and Michael I. Norton
- Subjects
self-regulation ,Adult ,Male ,Mindfulness ,Sociology and Political Science ,Inhibition (Psychology) ,self-control ,Social Psychology ,Adolescent ,media_common.quotation_subject ,prosociality ,050109 social psychology ,PsycINFO ,Intention ,050105 experimental psychology ,Self-Control ,Young Adult ,business studies ,Perception ,Food choice ,Weight Loss ,Psychology ,Humans ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,rituals ,Longitudinal Studies ,Ceremonial Behavior ,media_common ,Marketing ,05 social sciences ,health ,Self-control ,Feeding Behavior ,Inhibition, Psychological ,Feeling ,Prosocial behavior ,Delay Discounting ,Cognitive Sciences ,Female ,Energy Intake ,Social psychology ,Goals ,Gesture - Abstract
Rituals are predefined sequences of actions characterized by rigidity and repetition. We propose that enacting ritualized actions can enhance subjective feelings of self-discipline, such that rituals can be harnessed to improve behavioral self-control. We test this hypothesis in 6 experiments. A field experiment showed that engaging in a pre-eating ritual over a 5-day period helped participants reduce calorie intake (Experiment 1). Pairing a ritual with healthy eating behavior increased the likelihood of choosing healthy food in a subsequent decision (Experiment 2), and enacting a ritual before a food choice (i.e., without being integrated into the consumption process) promoted the choice of healthy food over unhealthy food (Experiments 3a and 3b). The positive effect of rituals on self-control held even when a set of ritualized gestures were not explicitly labeled as a ritual, and in other domains of behavioral self-control (i.e., prosocial decision-making; Experiments 4 and 5). Furthermore, Experiments 3a, 3b, 4, and 5 provided evidence for the psychological process underlying the effectiveness of rituals: heightened feelings of self-discipline. Finally, Experiment 5 showed that the absence of a self-control conflict eliminated the effect of rituals on behavior, demonstrating that rituals affect behavioral self-control specifically because they alter responses to self-control conflicts. We conclude by briefly describing the results of a number of additional experiments examining rituals in other self-control domains. Our body of evidence suggests that rituals can have beneficial consequences for self-control. (PsycINFO Database Record
- Published
- 2018
27. Kız ve erkek ergenlerde saldırgan ve olumlu sosyal davranışlar ile yaş, ilişkisel bağlam ve kişiler arası duyarlılık arasındaki ilişkiler
- Author
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Gülden Berkem Güvenç and Vezir Aktaş
- Subjects
saldırganlık ,olumlu sosyal davranış ,toplumsal cinsiyet ,ergenlik ,ana-baba tutumları ,akran ilişkileri ,kişisel duyarlık ,aggression ,prosocial behavior ,gender ,adolescence ,parental attacment ,peer relations ,interpersonal reactivity ,History of scholarship and learning. The humanities ,AZ20-999 ,Social sciences (General) ,H1-99 - Published
- 2006
28. Je höher die Kita-Qualität, desto prosozialer das Verhalten von Kindern
- Author
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Camehl, Georg and Peter, Frauke H.
- Subjects
I26 ,early childhood education and care ,prosocial behavior ,childcare quality ,ddc:330 ,J13 ,J24 ,I21 ,non-cognitive skills - Abstract
Kinder im Alter von vier bis fünf Jahren, die eine Kindertageseinrichtung (Kita) besuchen, verhalten sich prosozialer, wenn die Bildungs- und Betreuungsqualität ihrer Kita höher ist. Das heißt, sie sind beispielsweise eher rücksichtsvoll und teilen mit anderen Kindern. Insbesondere Kinder, deren Mütter einen niedrigeren Bildungsabschluss haben, profitieren von einer hohen Kita-Qualität. Das zeigt diese Studie auf Basis von Daten des Nationalen Bildungspanels (NEPS). Als Qualitätsmerkmale einer Kita wurden die Gruppengröße, der Personalschlüssel, Gemeinschaftsaktivitäten in der Gruppe, die Bildung des pädagogischen Personals und die zur Verfügung stehenden Materialen zum Spielen und Lernen untersucht. Die Ergebnisse unterstreichen die Bedeutung der Kita-Qualität, denn das prosoziale Verhalten kann im späteren Lebensverlauf die schulischen Leistungen und auch die Arbeitsproduktivität und Teamfähigkeit verbessern. Zudem können sozioökonomische Unterschiede im prosozialen Verhalten, die etwa auf die Bildung der Mutter zurückgehen, durch eine höhere Kita-Qualität zumindest teilweise kompensiert werden. Eine weitere Verbesserung der Qualität von Kindertageseinrichtungen, zum Beispiel durch einheitliche Mindeststandards, ist daher sinnvoll.
- Published
- 2017
29. Entwicklung und Evaluierung eines Fragebogens zur Beurteilung von pathologischem Altruismus
- Author
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Teubner-Guerra, Rosa Lori and Ochsmann, Elke
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Bleaching preferences: Why deliberative procedure should include self-interested preferences
- Author
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Ivan Mladenovic
- Subjects
Sociology and Political Science ,business.industry ,public deliberation ,media_common.quotation_subject ,lcsh:Philosophy (General) ,Appeal ,Public relations ,Deliberation ,Outcome (game theory) ,Common good ,Philosophy ,Deliberative democracy ,Prosocial behavior ,self-interest ,Voting ,voting ,deliberative negotiation ,Self-interest ,Positive economics ,Psychology ,business ,lcsh:B1-5802 ,deliberative democracy ,media_common - Abstract
Someone might vote for an option that on his or her view best promotes his or her self-interest. But, someone might vote for an option that promotes what he or she sees as a common good. The point is that there is no necessity here. Empirically oriented investigations showed that people vote both for self-centered and prosocial reasons. On the standard account of deliberative democracy public discussion is oriented towards achieving the common good. In this paper I shall argue that there is no necessity in supposing that public deliberation will lead to consensus over the common good. If consensus over the common good is neither realistic, nor desirable feature of public deliberation, then the most that practically oriented deliberative democrats might hope for is an open debate which may influence post-deliberative voting. Or so I shall argue. On this account, deliberative democracy makes more probable that outcome of the voting procedure will reflect concerns over the common good. According to this conception the appeal to selfinterest is not ex hypothesi excluded. The role of public deliberation is to bring to the fore both self-centered and prosocial concerns, and eventually to show why prosocial concerns should override private concerns. But there is no necessity here. The most important thing is to have sound procedure for weighting the reasons that speak both for and against self-interested concerns.
- Published
- 2011
31. Schulisches Wohlbefinden von SchülerInnen mit und ohne sonderpädagogischem Förderbedarf - Integrations- und Regelklassen im Vergleich
- Author
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Sabrina Oitzinger, Peter Rossmann, Verena Thurner, Tanja Wimberger, Joachim Hagn, Susanne Schwab, and Norbert K. Tanzer
- Subjects
strengths and difficulties ,General Medicine ,Peer relationships ,special ,Explained variation ,Individual level ,Class (biology) ,school well-being ,Developmental psychology ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Clinical Psychology ,inclusion ,Prosocial behavior ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,Well-being ,Special educational needs ,Psychology ,Inclusion (education) ,educational needs - Abstract
Fragestellung: Die vorliegende Studie untersucht das schulische Wohlbefinden von SchülerInnen mit und ohne sonderpädagogischen Förderbedarf (SPF) in Integrationsklassen im Vergleich zu SchülerInnen aus Regelklassen, in welchen keine Kinder mit SPF unterrichtet werden. Zudem werden Zusammenhänge zwischen dem schulischen Wohlbefinden und emotionalen Problemen, Verhaltensauffälligkeiten, Hyperaktivität, Problemen mit Gleichaltrigen und prosozialem Verhalten analysiert. Methodik: Insgesamt 1.115 SchülerInnen (37 % SchülerInnen der 4. Schulstufe, 63 % SchülerInnen der 7. Schulstufe) nahmen an der Befragung teil, davon hatten 126 SchülerInnen einen SPF. Als Erhebungsinstrumente wurde die Skala «Wohlbefinden in der Schule» aus dem FEESS 3–4 ( Rauer & Schuck, 2004 ) sowie das SDQ ( Goodman, 1997 ) verwendet. Ergebnisse: Die Ergebnisse weisen hohe Reliabilitäten für die Skala «Wohlbefinden in der Schule» bei SchülerInnen mit und ohne SPF in beiden Schulstufen (4. vs. 7. Schulstufe) auf. Darüber hinaus wurde gezeigt, dass die Varianzaufklärung für das schulische Wohlbefinden sowohl Anteile auf der Ebene der individuellen SchülerInnen als auch Anteile auf der klassenspezifischen Ebene aufweist. Signifikante Prädiktoren des schulischen Wohlbefindens waren das Geschlecht, Verhaltensschwächen und -stärken sowie die Schulstufe. Der SPF-Status (kein SPF vs. SPF) sowie das Klassensetting (Regel- vs. Integrationsklasse) beeinflussten das schulische Wohlbefinden jedoch nicht signifikant.
- Published
- 2015
32. The developmental relation between aggressive behaviour and prosocial behaviour: A 5-year longitudinal study
- Author
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Manuel Eisner, Denis Ribeaud, Tina Malti, Ingrid Obsuth, University of Zurich, Obsuth, I, Eisner, Manuel [0000-0001-5436-9282], and Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
- Subjects
peer difficulties ,Longitudinal study ,Prosocial behaviour ,Poison control ,050109 social psychology ,aggressive behaviour ,Suicide prevention ,Aggressive behaviour ,Peer difficulties ,Childhood ,Injury prevention ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,General Psychology ,childhood ,Maladaptation ,10095 Institute of Sociology ,4. Education ,Psychological research ,05 social sciences ,longitudinal study ,Human factors and ergonomics ,3200 General Psychology ,General Medicine ,Prosocial behavior ,prosocial behaviour ,370 Education ,Psychology ,050104 developmental & child psychology ,Clinical psychology ,Research Article ,10190 Jacobs Center for Productive Youth Development - Abstract
Background: Past research has shown links between both children’s aggressive behaviour and a lack of prosocial behaviour to later maladaptation. Both types of behaviours have also been identified as crucial in children’s social and emotional development and later (mal)adaptation. However, little is known about the way they predict each other over time. Methods: We utilised a large, ethnically diverse, longitudinal population sample of girls and boys (N = 1,334) to examine the bidirectional cross-lagged links between aggressive and prosocial domains of behaviour from age seven to eleven. Teacher, parent and child self-reports were utilised to assess aggressive behaviour and prosocial behaviour. Results: The results revealed that aggressive behaviour measured one year predicted decreases in prosocial behaviour in the following year. Conversely, prosocial behaviour did not predict changes in aggressive behaviour in the subsequent year. Furthermore, peer difficulties were examined and found to be an important mediator of the link between aggressive and prosocial behaviour. Specifically, peer difficulties mediated the links between aggressive behaviour and prosocial behaviour one year later, particularly during the first three years of school attendance. Conclusions: Implications of the findings for the design of intervention strategies to reduce children’s aggressive behaviour are discussed., BMC Psychology, 3, ISSN:2050-7283
- Published
- 2015
33. 'Gewalt ist keine Lösung, aber eine coole Alternative?' - Was Täter bei Bullying so erfolgreich macht
- Author
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Stoiber, Manuel and Schäfer, Mechthild
- Subjects
Bullying ,Perpetrators ,Elementary School Students ,Secondary Education ,Aggressive Behavior ,Prosocial Behavior ,Coercion ,Childhood Development ,Adolescent Development ,Group Dynamics ,Interpersonal Control ,Classroom Environment ,Classmates ,Strategies ,Age Differences ,Classroom Dynamics & Student Adjustment & Attitudes ,Group & Interpersonal Processes ,Psychosocial & Personality Development ,Interaktion, Anpassung und Einstellungen ,Gruppendynamik und interpersonelle Prozesse ,Psychosoziale Entwicklung und Persönlichkeitsentwicklung ,Mobbing ,Täter ,Grundschüler ,Sekundarstufenausbildung ,Aggressionsverhalten ,Prosoziales Verhalten ,Zwangsausübung ,Entwicklung in der Kindheit ,Entwicklung im Jugendalter ,Gruppendynamik ,Interpersonale Kontrolle ,Schulklassenumwelt ,Klassenkameraden ,Strategien ,Altersunterschiede - Abstract
Kennzeichen eines "erfolgreichen" Bullies ( Schüler, die ihre Mitschüler wiederholt und systematisch schikanieren und dadurch Ressourcenkontrolle erreichen) wurden untersucht. Dazu wurden Daten zu Mitschülerrollen, Ressourcenkontrollstrategien und sozialem Status bei 2600 Schülern (54 % männlich) der ersten bis zehnten Klasse erhoben, die Grundschulen und Gymnasien im Großraum München besuchten. Täter in der Grundschule setzten überdurchschnittlich häufig Aggression bzw. Zwangsmittel ein, während die Kinder, die in weiterführenden Schulen einzelne Mitschüler systematisch schikanierten, außer auf diese Zwangsmittel zu fast gleichen Anteilen auch auf prosoziale Strategien zurückgriffen. Diese Schüler kontrollierten die meisten sozialen und materiellen Ressourcen im Klassenzimmer. Differenziert man die Täter anhand ihrer eingesetzten Verhaltensstrategien in Bi-Strategen und Zwangausübende, unterschieden sie sich sowohl im Ausmaß der Ressourcenkontrolle als auch in ihrem sozialen Status: Vor allem die Bi-Strategen genossen hohes Ansehen unter den Peers, das - anders als in der Grundschule - aber in den weiterführenden Schule auch den Zwangausübenden nicht verwehrt wurde.
- Published
- 2013
34. Virtuelle Nothilfe - Ein Experiment zum Effekt von virtueller Hilfe, Gewalt und Nothilfe auf Hilfe- und Gewaltverhalten
- Author
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Mohseni, M. Rohangis and Staufenbiel, Thomas (Prof. Dr.)
- Subjects
Aggressives Verhalten ,Zivilcourage ,Me ,Gewaltspiele ,Competitive Reaction Time Task ,Moral Courage ,Computerspiel ,Hilfeverhalten ,Medienwirkung ,Helping Behavior ,Moral Management Model ,Aggression ,Prosocial Behavior ,Prosoziales Verhalten ,Nothilfe ,Assistance in Emergencies ,Helfen - Abstract
Eine aktuelle Meta-Analyse von Anderson et al. (2010) zeigt, dass Gewaltverhalten in Computerspielen das Gewaltverhalten im realen Leben erhöht, während es prosoziales Verhalten verringert. Daneben führen einige Studien von Greitemeyer und Osswald (2010) sowie von Gentile et al. (2009) zu der Schlussfolgerung, dass das Hilfeverhalten in Computerspielen das Hilfeverhalten im realen Leben erhöht. Bisher gibt es aber keine Studien, die die kombinierte Wirkung von Gewalt und Hilfe in Computerspielen untersuchen, obwohl diese Kombination typisch für Gewaltspiele ist (Anderson et al., 2010). In gewalthaltigen Rollenspielen bestehen viele Aufgaben darin, einer virtuellen Person durch die Anwendung von Gewalt zu helfen. Die vorliegende Studie soll diesen empirischen Mangel beheben, indem untersucht wird, ob gewaltsame Nothilfe zu gesteigertem Gewalt- und/oder Hilfeverhalten im realen Leben führt. Zu diesem Zweck wurde das Rollenspiel "Oblivion" modifiziert, um vier verschiedene Experimentalbedingungen zu realisieren: (1) Nothilfe, (2) Töten, (3) Hilfe und (4) Schatzjagd. Werden diese Bedingungen miteinander verglichen, dann scheint Nothilfe zu einer Verringerung des Hilfeverhaltens im realen Leben zu führen und gleichzeitig das Gewaltverhalten zu erhöhen. Die Ergebnisse stehen im Einklang mit dem Moral Management Model (Hartmann & Vorderer, 2010; Hartmann, im Druck), welches auf Banduras Theorie des Moral Disengagement basiert (Bandura, 2002). A recent meta-analysis of Anderson and colleagues (2010) shows that violent behavior in computer games promotes violent behavior in real-life and inhibits prosocial behavior. A couple of studies conducted by Greitemeyer and Osswald (2010) lead to the conclusion that helping behavior in computer games furthers helping behavior in real-life. There exist no studies examining the combined effect of violence and helping in computer games, although this combination is typical for violent video games (Anderson et al., 2010). In violent RPGs, a lot of tasks consist of helping someone by using violence. The present study addresses this issue and bridges the current empirical gap by investigating if violent emergency assistance furthers helping behavior and/or violent behavior in real-life. To accomplish that, the role-playing game "Oblivion" was modified to create four different experimental conditions: (1) violent emergency assistance, (2) killing, (3) helping, and (4) treasure hunting. Comparing these conditions, violent emergency assistance seemingly reduces helping behavior in real-life and at the same time furthers violent behavior. The results are in unison with the moral management model (Hartmann & Vorderer, 2010; Hartmann, in press), which is based on Banduras Theory of Moral Disengagement (Bandura, 2002).
- Published
- 2013
35. 'Wer ist der Boss?' - Zum Zusammenhang zwischen der sozialen Dynamik im Klassenzimmer und Einstellungen zum Lernen in der Adoleszenz
- Author
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Schwanke, Sebastian and Schäfer, Mechthild
- Subjects
Classroom Dynamics & Student Adjustment & Attitudes ,Schüler- und Studierendeneinstellungen ,Schulisches Lernen ,Soziale Einflüsse ,Zwangsausübung ,Mobbing ,Interpersonale Kontrolle ,Schulklassenumwelt ,Prosoziales Verhalten ,Status ,Lernen ,Lernumgebung ,Student Attitudes ,School Learning ,Social Influences ,Coercion ,Bullying ,Interpersonal Control ,Classroom Environment ,Prosocial Behavior ,Learning ,Learning Environment ,Interaktion, Anpassung und Einstellungen - Abstract
Wissenschaftliche Untersuchungen zeigen, dass antisoziales Verhalten negativ und prosoziales Verhalten positiv mit Lernen assoziiert sind, aber Evidenz darüber, wie Lernen mit der sozialen Dynamik im Klassenzimmer verknüpft ist, fehlt. Ziel war es deshalb, Unterschiede in der Lerneinstellung zwischen Klassen zu identifizieren und diese auf Basis von sozialem Verhalten zu erklären. 1,159 Gymnasiasten (7. bis 9. Jahrgangsstufe) aus 43 Klassen in vier Schulen wurden zu ihren Lerneinstellungen befragt; zudem schätzten sie ihre Mitschüler hinsichtlich deren Verhalten in Mobbing-Situationen, Ressourcenkontrollstrategien und sozialem Status ein. Auf der Basis hierarchisch linearer Modellierung wurde überprüft, ob und wieweit die soziale Führungsrolle Einzelner die Lerneinstellung beeinflusst. Signifikante Unterschiede in der mittleren Lerneinstellung der Klassen wurden durch die Lerneinstellung eindeutig identifizierbarer Schüler erklärt: 9 % der Individualvarianz in der Lerneinstellung zwischen Schülern wurde durch die Zugehörigkeit zu ihrer Klasse erklärt, 77 % dieser Varianz wurden durch den Schüler erklärt, dem von den Peers der massive Einsatz coersiver (das heißt aggressiver bzw. Zwang ausübender) und prosozialer Strategien sowie hoher sozialer Einfluss bestätigt wurde. Neben den pädagogischen Implikationen wird die psychologische Relevanz angesprochen, die ein solch machtvoller Schüler für das soziale Gefüge und die Entwicklungschancen jedes Einzelnen in Schulklassen hat.
- Published
- 2013
36. Befunde zur Validität des Reaktive-Proaktive-Aggression-Fragebogens für die fünfte bis zehnte Klasse (RPA 5-10)
- Author
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Beckers, Leif and Petermann, Franz
- Subjects
Questionnaires ,Viktimisierung ,Behavior Disorders & Antisocial Behavior ,Anger ,Emotionale Unausgeglichenheit ,Aggressionsverhalten ,Ärger ,Test Validity ,Hostility ,Personality Scales & Inventories ,Prosoziales Verhalten ,Verhaltensstörungen, antisoziales und selbstdestruktives Verhalten ,Emotional Disturbances ,Feindseligkeit ,Klinische Psychodiagnostik ,Clinical Psychological Testing ,Victimization ,Testvalidität ,Peer-Beziehungen ,Subtypes (Disorders) ,Aggressive Behavior ,Peer Relations ,Subtypen (Krankheiten) ,Prosocial Behavior ,Persönlichkeitstests ,Personality Measures ,Fragebögen - Abstract
Der "Reaktive-Proaktive-Aggression-Fragebogen für die fünfte bis zehnte Klasse" (RPA 5-10) erfasst neben reaktiver und proaktiver Aggression unterschiedliche Facetten dieser beiden Subtypen: Wut-Aggression, Defensive Aggressionsattribution, Ressourcen-Aneignung und Macht/Dominanz-Ausübung. Überprüft wurde die Validität des RPA 5-10 durch Zusammenhänge mit verschiedenen Skalen anderer Fragebögen (u. a. SDQ-Deu). Dafür wurden 250 Schülerinnen und Schüler der fünften bis zehnten Klasse eines Gymnasiums und einer Gemeinschaftsschule befragt. Zwischen den Skalen des RPA 5-10 und den Skalen Ärger, Physische Aggression, Verbale Aggression und Externalisierende Verhaltensauffälligkeiten ergaben sich positive Zusammenhänge, mit der Skala Prosoziales Verhalten negative Zusammenhänge. Reaktive Aggression, nicht aber proaktive Aggression ging einher mit Feindseligkeit, Viktimisierung, emotionalen Problemen und Problemen mit Gleichaltrigen. Die Zusammenhänge zwischen reaktiver Aggression und den Skalen Ärger und Emotionale Probleme waren auf "Wut-Aggression" zurückzuführen. Der Zusammenhang zwischen Aufmerksamkeits- und Hyperaktivitätsproblemen und reaktiver Aggression zeigte sich erwartungskonträr auch für proaktive Aggression.
- Published
- 2012
37. Das fairplayer.manual zur unterrichtsbegleitenden Förderung sozialer Kompetenzen und Prävention von Bullying im Jugendalter: Ergebnisse der Pilotevaluation
- Author
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Heike Dele Bull and Herbert Scheithauer
- Subjects
Program evaluation ,Moralische Entwicklung ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Empathie ,Poison control ,Empathy ,Prävention ,Violence ,Developmental psychology ,Social skills ,Entwicklung ,Prosoziales Verhalten ,Training sozialer Fertigkeiten ,Gruppentraining sozialer Kompetenzen ,Programmevaluation ,Evaluation ,media_common ,Gewalt ,Prevention ,Student Attitudes ,Bullying ,Mobbing ,Moral ,Moral Development ,Social Skills Training ,Programm ,Prosocial Behavior ,Prosocial behavior ,Moral development ,Social competence ,Psychology ,Clinical psychology ,Program Evaluation - Abstract
Die manualisierte Präventionsmaßnahme fairplayer.manual (Scheithauer u. Bull, 2008) wird unterrichtsbegleitend zur Förderung sozialer Kompetenzen und zur Prävention von Bullying eingesetzt. In mindestens 15 bis 17 aufeinander aufbauenden Schuldoppelstunden werden kognitiv-behaviorale Methoden (z. B. Rollenspiele, Modelllernen, soziale Verstärkung, Verhaltensrückmeldungen) und moralische Dilemma-Diskussionen eingesetzt. Im vorliegenden Beitrag werden Ergebnisse aus der Pilotevaluation vorgestellt. 138 Schülerinnen und Schüler (13-21 Jahre, aus Gesamt-, berufsvorbereitender und Berufsschule) und deren Lehrerinnen und Lehrer wurden mit Hilfe strukturierter Fragebogenverfahren vor und nach Durchführung der Maßnahme u. a. zur Auftretenshäufigkeit von Bullying sowie zu Empathie, prosozialem Verhalten und Gewaltlegitimation befragt. Von 113 Schülerinnen und Schülern lagen zu beiden Messzeitpunkten Daten vor. Die Daten einer anfangs zusammengestellten Kontrollgruppe konnten nicht für die Ergebnisauswertung berücksichtigt werden. Es zeigten sich zum Teil deutliche positive Veränderungen im Hinblick auf die Anzahl der Täter und Opfer sowie hinsichtlich prosozialen Verhaltens. Die Befunde zur Gewaltlegitimation und Empathie hingen wesentlich von der Umsetzungsgüte in den teilnehmenden Schulen ab. Schlagwörter Prävention – Bullying – soziale Kompetenz – Gewalt – Jugendliche, The fairplayer.manual (Scheithauer u. Bull, 2008), a manualized, tuitional-based preventive intervention programme to facilitate social competence and prevent school bullying consists of at least 15 to 17 consecutive, ninety-minute-lessons using cognitive-behavioural methods (e. g. role plays, model-learning, social reinforcement, behaviour-feedback) and moral dilemma discussions amongst others. We present results from a pilot evaluation study with 138 students (between 13 and 21 years of age, from comprehensive and vocational school) and their teachers. Students and teachers were administered structured questionnaires considering e. g. the occurrence of bullying, prosocial behavior and student’s empathy as well as legitimation of violence. For 113 students we obtained data for the two measurement points (pre-post). Due to a high attrition rate information of an initially recruited control group could not be considered. Results indicated partially impressive positive changes concerning the total number of bullies and victims as well as prosocial behavior. Results concerning legitimation of violence and empathy differed for classes according to treatment integrity. Keywords prevention – bullying – social competence – violence – adolescence
- Published
- 2010
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38. 'I keep cool': Relationship oriented training of prosocial behaviour and constructive conflict solving for elementary school children
- Author
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Ina Roth and Barbara Reichle
- Subjects
Conflict Resolution ,Poison control ,Impulsivität ,Konfliktlösung ,Verhalten ,medicine.disease_cause ,370 Erziehung, Schul- und Bildungswesen ,Aggressionsverhalten ,Aggressiveness ,Psychological stress ,Programmevaluation ,Shyness ,Evaluation ,Problem solving ,Anti-Aggressivitäts-Training ,Conflict solving ,Human being ,Pädagogische Psychologie ,Verhaltensprobleme ,Aggression ,Prosocial behavior ,370 Education ,Psychology ,Clinical psychology ,Problem ,Injury control ,Accident prevention ,Erziehung, Schul- und Bildungswesen ,Impulsiveness ,Prävention ,Problemlösen ,Stress ,Schüchternheit ,Geschlechtsspezifischer Unterschied ,Education ,Sozialpädagogik ,ddc:370 ,Mensch ,Aggressivität ,Prosoziales Verhalten ,medicine ,Behavior Problems ,Stress (Psychological) ,Gender-specific difference ,Prevention ,Psychophysical stress ,Aggressive Behavior ,Prosocial Behavior ,Grundschulkind ,Altruistic behavior ,Programme evaluation ,Program Evaluation - Abstract
Praxis der Kinderpsychologie und Kinderpsychiatrie 56 (2007) 5, S. 463-482, Untersucht wurden Effekte des "Ich bleibe cool"-Kindertrainings (IBC), das das Ziel verfolgt, durch die Förderung prosozialer Verhaltensweisen und konstruktiver Konfliktlösestrategien zur Prävention aggressiven Verhaltens und destruktiver Konfliktstrategien bei Grundschulkindern beizutragen. Zur Evaluation des IBC-Trainings wurden in Prä-, Post- und Vier-Monats-Follow-up-Messungen kindliche Kompetenzen und kindliches Problemverhalten aus der Sicht der Eltern, der Klassenlehrerinnen und der 143 Kinder (92 in der Experimental-, 51 in der Kontrollgruppe; randomisierte Zuweisung) mit Fragebögen bzw. Kinderinterviews erfasst. Die trainierten Erstklässler berichteten in der Selbsteinschätzung unmittelbar nach dem Training häufiger konstruktive Konfliktstrategien, prosoziales Verhalten sowie eine verbesserte Impulskontrolle. Bei Mädchen ließen sich kurzfristig ein verminderter Einsatz destruktiver Konfliktstrategien und eine längerfristige Verringerung der Belastung durch Konflikte zwischen ihren Eltern verzeichnen. Lehrerinnen beobachteten bei der Follow-up-Messung eine Reduktion der emotionalen Auffälligkeiten bei Mädchen und Jungen der trainierten Gruppe. Auf Grund der Mütterangaben wurde eine tendenzielle Verbesserung im oppositionell-aggressiven Verhalten der Jungen der trainierten Gruppe nachgewiesen. Die bei den Vätern erhobenen Daten zeigten für die trainierten Kindern kurzfristig eine Minderung des oppositionell-aggressiven Verhaltens und eine Verringerung der emotionalen Auffälligkeiten. Die erzielten Trainingseffekte lagen im zufriedenstellenden Bereich (.23 (= d (= .94) und stehen in Einklang mit Befunden zur Evaluation anderer neuer Präventionsprogramme. (ZPID)
- Published
- 2007
39. an observational study
- Author
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Volland, Cordelia and Trommsdorff, Gisela
- Subjects
responsiveness ,ddc:150 ,Mutter-Kind-Interaktion ,prosocial behavior ,attachment theory ,Entwicklung ,prosoziales Verhalten ,mother-child interaction ,Bindungstheorie ,Mitgefühl (Empathie) ,Feinfühligkeit ,Sympathy (empathy) ,development - Abstract
This study deals with the question of the relation between a mother s responsiveness and the development of sympathy (empathy) as well as prosocial behavior in childhood starting from an attachment theoretical background. Altogether, 46 pairs of mothers and their daughters were examined cross-sectionally and longitudinally at two respectively three points of measurement. In order to assess mothers responsiveness, each mother-daughter pair participated in a videotaped interaction situation for about half an hour. Furthermore, each child was observed in a standardized interaction situation with respect to emotional and prosocial reactions. The results showed that for the 2-year old girls, the mothers responsiveness tended to be positively related to the prosocial behavior of the child and negatively related to the distress of the child. There were no significant results for the 3- and the 5-year old girls. The results for the longitudinal samples of the 5-year-olds clearly showed the positive influence of mothers responsiveness when the children were 2 years old on their socio-emotional development 3 years later. It is discussed whether specific experiences exert an influence only at specific times in development, and on specific psychological functions for a limited time
- Published
- 2003
40. Vergleich zweier Methoden zur Erfassung des Mitgefühls im Vorschulalter
- Author
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Kienbaum, Jutta and Trommsdorff, Gisela
- Subjects
ddc:150 ,sympathy ,prosocial behavior ,Empathie ,prosoziales Verhalten ,preschool-age children ,Vorschulkinder ,Mitgefühl ,empathy - Abstract
Zur Messung von Mitgefühl wurden zwei Verfahren an einer Stichprobe von deutschen und sowjetischen 5jährigen Vorschulkindern (in jeder Kultur n = 48) angewendet. Das eine Verfahren (modifiziert nach Halisch, 1988) bestand aus Bildgeschichten, in denen sich die Versuchsperson nach der Art projektiver Methoden mit einer Figur identifizieren konnte. Das andere Verfahren waren Verhaltensbeobachtungen in einer realistischen Interaktionssituation, in der die emotionalen Reaktionen des Kindes bei Traurigkeit einer Interaktions-partnerin erhoben wurden. In dieser Situation wurden auch Indikatoren für prosoziale Reaktionen erfaßt. Die beiden Verfahren zur Messung von Mitgefühl korrelierten in der Stichprobe der deutschen Kinder signifikant positiv, nicht jedoch bei den sowjetischen Kindern. Ein enger Zusammenhang zwischen Mitgefühl und prosozialem Verhalten bestand für beide Kulturen dann, wenn das Mitgefühl über Indikatoren aus den Verhaltensbeobachtungen gemessen worden war. Wurde es jedoch über den Bildertest erfaßt, ergab sich eine signifikante Korrelation nur in der deutschen Stichprobe. Mit beiden Verfahren erwiesen sich die deutschen im Vergleich zu den sowjetischen Kindern als tendenziell mitfühlender. Es wird geschlußfolgert, daß die Verhaltensbeobachtung das geeignetere Verfahren zur Erfassung von Mitgefühl im Vorschulalter ist.
- Published
- 1997
41. [Leisure activities, resilience and mental stress in adolescents].
- Author
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Karpinski N, Popal N, Plück J, Petermann F, and Lehmkuhl G
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Affective Symptoms diagnosis, Child, Child Behavior Disorders diagnosis, Emotional Intelligence, Female, Humans, Male, Peer Group, Protective Factors, Psychometrics, Social Behavior, Social Identification, Sports psychology, Surveys and Questionnaires, Adaptation, Psychological, Affective Symptoms psychology, Child Behavior Disorders psychology, Leisure Activities, Resilience, Psychological
- Abstract
Objective: To date, the factors contributing to emergence of resilience in different stages of adolescence have yet to be sufficiently examined. This study looks at the influence of extracurricular activities on resilience., Method: The sample consists of 413 adolescents (f = 14.8) reporting personal problems (mood, concentration problems, behavior). The effect of extracurricular activities on resilience (gathered by the RS25) was analyzed by linear regression models. Predictor variables in these models were extracurricular activities (sport, hobbies, club memberships, household duties) and the subscales of the SDQ (Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire). Because of the lack of homoscedasticity, two different regression models (model A: Realschule and Grammar School. Model B: Hauptschule) were specified., Results: The explained variance of both models (model A: R = .516; model B: R = .643) is satisfactory. In both models “prosocial behavior” (SDQ) turns out to be a significant positive predictor for resilience (model A: b = 2.815; model B; b = 3.577) and emotional symptoms (model A: b = -1.697; model B: b = -2.596) are significant negative predictors for resilience. In addition, model A presents significant positive influences of sport (b = 16,314) and significant negative influences of “hyperactivity” (SDQ). In contrast, in model B “club memberships” (b = 15.775) and” peer relationship problems” (b = 1.508) are additional positive predictors., Conclusions: The results of the study demonstrate the important role of prosocial behavior and emotional competence in the manifestation of resilience. The effect of extracurricular activities proves to depend on the social environment (type of school). Thus, these results could form the basis for further more specific developmental programs.
- Published
- 2017
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42. [“Tit for Tat?” The development of prosocial behavior and its relationship to externalizing and internalizing problems].
- Author
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Schröder L, Seehagen S, Zmyj N, and Hebebrand J
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Child, Child, Preschool, Helping Behavior, Humans, Infant, Personality Development, Risk Factors, Internal-External Control, Problem Behavior psychology, Social Behavior
- Abstract
Supporting other human beings is a fundamental aspect of human societies. Such so-called prosocial behavior is expressed in helping others, cooperating and sharing with them. This article gives an overview both of the development of prosocial behavior across childhood and of the relationship between prosociality and externalizing and internalizing problems. Especially externalizing problems are negatively associated with prosocial behavior, whereas the relationships with prosocial behavior are more heterogeneous for internalizing problems. Studies investigating developmental trajectories demonstrate that prosocial behavior and externalizing problems are not opposite ends of a continuum. Rather, they are two independent dimensions that may also co-occur in development. The same applies to internalizing problems, which can co-occur with pronounced prosociality as well as with low prosociality.
- Published
- 2016
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43. [Relationship Between Child Behavior and Emotional Problems and School Based Effort Avoidance].
- Author
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Weber HM, Büttner P, Rücker S, and Petermann F
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Child, Child Protective Services, Cooperative Behavior, Female, Humans, Interdisciplinary Communication, Male, Self Efficacy, Statistics as Topic, Surveys and Questionnaires, Affective Symptoms diagnosis, Affective Symptoms psychology, Child Behavior Disorders diagnosis, Child Behavior Disorders psychology, Learning Disabilities diagnosis, Learning Disabilities psychology, Motivation, Problem Behavior psychology, Underachievement
- Abstract
The present study has examined the relationship between school based effort avoidance tendencies and problem behavior in children aged 9 to 16 years. Effort avoidance tendencies were assessed in 367 children with and without child care. Teachers and social workers rated children on behavioral and emotional problems with the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). Results confirmed significant but low correlations between teacher ratings of behavior and emotional problems in children and selected subscales of self-reported effort avoidance in school, especially for children in child care institutions. For them "conduct problems" were significantly correlated with three of the four subscales and the total sum score of effort avoidance whereas "hyperactivity" was the only scale which was significantly associated with the fourth subscale. In the school sample only "hyperactivity" and "peer problems" were significantly correlated with one subscale of school-based effort avoidance. The findings suggest that more problem behavior is in relation to more school based effort avoidance tendencies.
- Published
- 2015
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44. Emotionen und Hilfsbereitschaft
- Author
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Montada, Leo
- Subjects
Emotionale Reaktionen ,Hoffnungslosigkeit ,Befriedigung ,Angst ,Satisfaction ,Sympathy ,Anger ,Anxiety ,Bedürfnisse ,Ärger ,Prosocial Behavior ,Prosoziales Verhalten ,Guilt ,Hopelessness ,Emotional Responses ,Mitgefühl ,Needs ,Schuldgefühl ,Gefühlsreaktion - Published
- 1988
Catalog
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