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Background: In the project INTEGRATE-ADHD, administrative and parent-reported ADHD diagnosis data of children and adolescents were linked at person level for the first time in Germany. This contribution analyses discrepancies between the data sources, considering sociodemographic characteristics. Methods: Parents of 5,461 0- to 17-year-olds insured with the German statutory health insurance company DAK-Gesundheit in 2020, who had a confirmed administrative diagnosis of ADHD (ICD-10 F90.0-9) in at least one quarter (M1Q criterion), were surveyed online about their child’s ADHD diagnosis and other health and care-related topics. Using logistic regression, associations between the presence of a parental report of the child’s administrative ADHD diagnosis and sociodemographic predictors were analysed. Results: 71.6 % of parents reported their child’s administrative diagnosis of ADHD in the survey. The diagnosis was significantly less likely to be reported by parents of girls, younger children, children with a migration background and children from nuclear families with both biological parents. There were no differences with regard to parental education, urbanisation (urban/rural) or density of care. Bivariate findings were confirmed in the multivariable model. Conclusions: Approximately one third of parents do not report their child’s administrative diagnosis of ADHD. The likelihood of parental reporting varies according to sociodemographic factors. This should be considered when contextualising the data sources in the future.

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Abstract: Background: Synthetic cannabinoids (SC) are a subgroup of "new psychoactive substances" (NPS) with particular importance due to both the number of substances available on the market and their prevalence in Germany. SC are consumed as an alternative to THC-containing cannabis, however SC have a less favourable risk profile compared to cannabis. Additionally, immunoassays tailored for cannabis cannot detect SCs and immunoassays specifically tailored towards SC have proven ineffective due to the dynamic nature of the SC market. This poses a large problem for effective abstinence control programs, especially in prisons and forensic-psychiatric clinics. Aim: The aim of this project was the investigation of SC prevalence in urine samples from forensic-psychiatric clinics. Methods: Urine samples sent to the Institute of Legal Medicine Freiburg by German forensic-psychiatric clinics between the beginning of 2018 and November 2023 were included. The samples were analysed for SC by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Results: Overall, a reduction of urine samples positive for SC from approx. 16 % in 2018 to approx. 10 % in 2023 was observed. However, in selected federal states, positivity rates showed deviating trends over the observed period, ranging from a very strong decrease of SC positivity rate to a twofold increase. Conclusion: Despite a general reduction of the SC positivity rate in urine samples over the observed period, the consumption of SC remains a relevant problem for abstinence control in psychiatric clinics. The results showed considerable differences in the different regions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Background: Sleep problems in childhood are frequent. Approximately two thirds of all children and adolescents experience distressing sleep-related anxieties as they grow up. This taken by itself is indeed not a diagnosis, but it has far-reaching consequences, as the prevalence of secondary disorders such as anxiety or insomnia disorders increases. Single case studies have shown that even short bibliotherapeutic intervention programs of just a few weeks can change about changes in anxiety and problematic bedtime behavior. Picture books are an early, low-risk and cost-effective intervention of coping with sleep-related anxiety, especially for younger children, for whom sleep-related anxiety is particularly common. The aim of the study was therefore to examine the effectiveness of a low-threshold, preventive, guided and supervised bibliotherapeutic intervention with regard to sleep-related anxiety. Methods: Nineteen children aged 4.5–7 years and their parents were asked about their fears and bedtime behavior in a pre-post design with baseline and follow-up before and after reading selected picture books. Each family received an identical set of four picture books and standardized reading instructions on reading behavior. Sleep logs, parental and child assessment instruments, and interviews were used for the data collection. A two-week baseline was followed by a two-week test phase and a follow-up survey four weeks later. Results: The results show a significant improvement of sleep-related anxieties and in some problematic bedtime behavior in a pre-post comparison. The number of fears expressed, resistance to going to bed, and the frequency of waking up at night were reduced significantly. The changes remained stable four weeks after the test phase. The pilot study at hand showed positive effects of picture books on sleep-related anxieties and problematic bedtime behavior. The effects were reported from the parents and from the children. However, larger studies with control group design are necessary. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Physical activity is central to health, beginning in childhood and adolescence, and regular monitoring provides important information for strategic decisions on promoting physical activity in Germany. Methods: The current survey cycle of the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) study gives an insight into the prevalence of the indicators daily recommended physical activity, high and low physical activity, and sporting activity among students aged between 11 and 15 for 2022. In addition, the data is compared to the survey cycles of the 2009/10, 2013/14, and 2017/18 school years and analysed over time. Results: The results of the current survey cycle show that 10.8 % of girls, 20.9 % of boys, and 12.4 % of gender diverse adolescents fulfil the daily physical activity recommendation. There are also major gender-specific differences for the other indicators. The group of gender diverse adolescents needs to be analysed further. The changes over time between 2009/10 and 2022 are relatively small. While girls’ physical activity habits decreased slightly for the various indicators between 2009/10 and 2022, boys’ prevalence remained relatively stable over the same period. Conclusions: Overall, in part due to the effects of the various COVID-19 lockdowns, the need for effective and population-based measures to promote physical activity in childhood and adolescence remains high.

Background: Bullying is a form of violence that is carried out repeatedly, with the intention of causing harm and with an imbalance of power between those involved. Bullying has serious negative effects on the mental health of adolescents and thus represents a significant health risk in childhood and adolescence. Methods: Based on data from the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) study from the survey year 2022 in Germany (N = 6,475), the prevalence of school bullying and cyberbullying among 11-, 13- and 15-year-olds in Germany was analysed. In addition, the prevalence of school bullying and cyberbullying was analysed as a trend from 2009/10 to 2022 (bullying) and from 2017/18 to 2022 (cyberbullying). Results: Around 14 % of the learners surveyed reported direct experience of bullying at school, and around 7 % reported cyberbullying experiences as bullied and/or bullying victims. Adolescents who identified as gender diverse were particularly likely to report bullying experiences. School bullying decreased over time, but remained stable between 2017/18 and 2022. Cyberbullying, on the other hand, increased in 2022 compared to 2017/18. Conclusions: Experiencing bullying at school and online is an everyday experience for many children and young people, so there is still a need for the broad implementation of effective anti-bullying measures in schools.

Despite a very high prevalence and substantial impairments among affected individuals, treatment-resistant schizophrenia (TRS) has not been sufficiently researched in clinical research in the field of psychiatric disorders and the pathophysiology is still poorly understood. A better clinical and pathophysiological understanding of this heterogeneous and severely affected population of people with persistent symptoms in different domains is necessary in order not only to be able to intervene early but also to develop novel therapeutic strategies or individualized treatment approaches. This review article presents the state of the art criteria of the pharmacological TRS, neurobiological disease models and predictive factors for TRS as well as the phenomenon of pseudo-treatment resistance and the clinical management of TRS. In the future, not only the use of operationalized criteria and definitions of TRS in longitudinal studies and randomized-controlled trials (RCTs) are paramount, but also the observation of trajectories with the integration of multimodal longitudinal phenotyping and the longitudinal collection of clinical routine data in academic research, which will be possible in the newly created German Center for Mental Health (DZPG). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Background: Living wills regulate medical decisions in emergency situations. Those who create a living will can have it registered voluntarily in the Central Register of Lasting Powers of Attorney. Little is known about the general prevalence of living wills. Methods: The German Ageing Survey is an ongoing, population-representative study. 4,185 people aged 50 and older were surveyed about living wills in 2020/2021. Results: 44.8 % of people aged 50 and older have a living will, women more often than men (50.1 % vs. 39.2 %), older people more often than middle-aged people. Educational differences do not exist. Conclusions: Living wills increase the autonomy in medical emergency situations because the patient’s wishes are specified in written form. People of all age groups should inform themselves about the significance of living wills and should seek advice about the contents, for example from the general practitioner or one’s own health insurance.

Background: Mounting evidence supports an association between the use of personal protective equipment (PPE) and the risk of infection from the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in dental healthcare workers (DCW). However, the prevalence and incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infections in the setting of dental care remains poorly characterized.Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis of studies published prior to Mai 2023 providing epidemiological data for the occurrence of SARS-CoV-2 in DCW was performed. A random-effects model was used to calculate pooled estimates and odds ratios (ORs) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The associated factors were narratively evaluated. Risk of bias was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute tool for prevalence studies.Results: Twenty-nine eligible studies were identified including a total of 85,274 DCW at risk; 27 studies met the criteria for the meta-analysis. Among the included DCW, the overall prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 was 11.8% (13,155/85,274; 95%CI, 7.5%–17%), whereby the degree of heterogeneity between the studies was considerable (I=99.7%). The pooled prevalence rate for dentists and dental hygienists alone was 12.7% (1943/20,860; 95%CI, 8.0%–18.0%), showing significantly increased odds of contracting a SARS-CoV-2 infection compared to dental assistant personnel, the prevalence rate for which was less than half, at 5.2% (613/15,066; OR=2.42; 95% CI, 2.2–2.7). In the subgroup of 17 studies from countries with high income there was a significantly lower prevalence rate of 7.3% (95% CI, 5%–10%) in DCW compared to the prevalence rate in low- and middle-income countries, which came to 20.8% (95% CI, 14%–29%; p

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Caries is a multifactorial disease that involves a majority of the pediatric population. If not diagnosed and treated, it can lead to severe consequences affecting the permanent dentition. The objective of this study is to assess the prevalence of oral foci of infection in a multispeciality hospital during pandemic in Chennai, South India. Majority of the patients examined had caries.

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Copyright of Parodontologie: die Zeitschrift für die Praxis (Berlin, Germany) is the property of Quintessenz Verlags GmbH and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Abstract: Aims: Given the lack of empirical evidence on substance use among refugees at different stages of life, one aim is to compare alcohol and drug use in the home country, during the flight, and in the host country. In addition, it is examined which risk factors are associated with an increased prevalence of substance use. Method: 1 116 adult refugees were interviewed in 52 community centres in four federal states using a standardized questionnaire in six languages. Results: The respondents had a low lifetime prevalence of alcohol and drug use (28.8 % alcohol, 7.4 % drugs), which varied greatly depending on the refugee's country of origin. During the flight the prevalence was very low and when being in Germany there was a similar level of alcohol use as in the country of origin and an increased use of cannabis and cocaine. Refugees who use drugs are a particularly stressed group due to flight experiences and uncertain asylum status. The German addiction treatment system was almost unknown to substance using refugees. Conclusions: It is recommended that the addiction treatment services provide outreach work in community accommodations for refugees in order to inform about the addiction treatment system in Germany and to explain counselling offers to substance using refugees. It is advisable to provide information about consumption risks, especially in relation to alcohol, cannabis and cocaine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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This review article summarizes important findings on the interfaces between the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and neurology with an emphasis of the implications for neurointensive care medicine. More specifically, the prevalence, pathomechanisms and impact of neurological manifestations are reported. The most common neurological manifestations of critically ill COVID-19 patients are cerebrovascular complications, encephalopathies and intensive care unit-acquired weakness (ICUAW). A relevant direct pathophysiological effect by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) itself has not yet been established with certainty. In fact, indirect systemic inflammatory processes triggered by the viral infection and side effects of intensive care treatment are much more likely to cause the reported sequelae. The impact of the pandemic on patients with neurological disorders and neurointensive care medicine is far-reaching but not yet sufficiently studied. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Background: Child maltreatment is a significant problem in Germany. Hospital data on child maltreatment serve as a crucial foundation for planning effective prevention measures. These data enable an assessment of the extent to which at-risk children and adolescents are identified, supported, and protected. A systematic evaluation and classification of all hospital data relevant to child maltreatment in Germany is still lacking. Therefore, the aim of this article is to gain an overview of the data in this field and thus bridge the gap., Methods: Descriptive analyses of (partially) inpatient data on child abuse and neglect (secondary diagnosis in ICD-10: T74.0, T74.1, T74.2, T74.3, T74.8, T74.9) + (procedure OPS: 1‑945.0, 1‑945.1) from the 2019-2023 data collection period. The variables age, gender, and main diagnoses relevant to maltreatment are considered in each case. The data were analyzed via the publicly accessible data browser of the Institute for the Hospital Remuneration System (InEK)., Results: The number of diagnosed cases of child maltreatment of (partially) inpatients is detached from prevalence rates in the population; in consequence, there is a significant underreporting of all forms of maltreatment, with boys and girls being recognized differently for different forms of maltreatment. In addition, the frequent lack of a link between child maltreatment-related diagnoses and procedures performed becomes apparent., Conclusion: In addition to raising awareness, training, and further education of healthcare professionals, there is also a need for investment in political change., Competing Interests: Einhaltung ethischer Richtlinien. Interessenkonflikt: J.M. Fegert ist Mitglied des Beirats der Unabhängigen Beauftragten für Fragen des sexuellen Kindesmissbrauchs (UBSKM) und Mitglied des Nationalen Rats gegen sexuelle Gewalt an Kindern und Jugendlichen. A. Jud ist Mitglied des Nationalen Rats gegen sexuelle Gewalt an Kindern und Jugendlichen. T. Walter gibt an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht. Die Klinik für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie/Psychotherapie des Universitätsklinikums Ulm erhält verschiedene Drittmittel aus der öffentlichen und privaten Hand. Für diesen Beitrag wurden von den Autor/-innen keine Studien an Menschen oder Tieren durchgeführt. Für die aufgeführten Studien gelten die jeweils dort angegebenen ethischen Richtlinien., (© 2025. The Author(s).)

Structured reporting (SR) not only offers advantages regarding report quality but, as an IT-based method, also the opportunity to aggregate and analyze large, highly structured datasets (data mining). In this study, a data mining algorithm was used to calculate epidemiological data and in-hospital prevalence statistics of pulmonary embolism (PE) by analyzing structured CT reports.All structured reports for PE CT scans from the last 5 years (n = 2790) were extracted from the SR database and analyzed. The prevalence of PE was calculated for the entire cohort and stratified by referral type and clinical referrer. Distributions of the manifestation of PEs (central, lobar, segmental, subsegmental, as well as left-sided, right-sided, bilateral) were calculated, and the occurrence of right heart strain was correlated with the manifestation.The prevalence of PE in the entire cohort was 24% (n = 678). The median age of PE patients was 71 years (IQR 58-80), and the sex distribution was 1.2/1 (M/F). Outpatients showed a lower prevalence of 23% compared to patients from regular wards (27%) and intensive care units (30%). Surgically referred patients had a higher prevalence than patients from internal medicine (34% vs. 22%). Patients with central and bilateral PEs had a significantly higher occurrence of right heart strain compared to patients with peripheral and unilateral embolisms.Data mining of structured reports is a simple method for obtaining prevalence statistics, epidemiological data, and the distribution of disease characteristics, as demonstrated by the PE use case. The generated data can be helpful for multiple purposes, such as for internal clinical quality assurance and scientific analyses. To benefit from this, consistent use of SR is required and is therefore recommended. · SR-based data mining allows simple epidemiologic analyses for PE.. · The prevalence of PE differs between outpatients and inpatients.. · Central and bilateral PEs have an increased risk of right heart strain.. · Jorg T, Halfmann MC, Graafen D et al. Structured reporting for efficient epidemiological and in-hospital prevalence analysis of pulmonary embolisms. Rofo 2025; 197: 186-195., Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest., (Thieme. All rights reserved.)

Purpose:  The prevalent coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has spread throughout the world and is considered a serious threat to global health. The prognostic role of thoracic lymphadenopathy in COVID-19 is unclear. The aim of the present meta-analysis was to analyze the prognostic role of thoracic lymphadenopathy for the prediction of 30-day mortality in patients with COVID-19., Materials and Methods:  The MEDLINE library, Cochrane, and SCOPUS databases were screened for associations between CT-defined features and mortality in COVID-19 patients up to June 2021. In total, 21 studies were included in the present analysis. The quality of the included studies was assessed by the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. The meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3. Heterogeneity was calculated by means of the inconsistency index I2. DerSimonian and Laird random-effect models with inverse variance weights were performed without any further correction., Results:  The included studies comprised 4621 patients. The prevalence of thoracic lymphadenopathy varied between 1 % and 73.4 %. The pooled prevalence was 16.7 %, 95 % CI = (15.6 %; 17.8 %). The hospital mortality was higher in patients with thoracic lymphadenopathy (34.7 %) than in patients without (20.0 %). The pooled odds ratio for the influence of thoracic lymphadenopathy on mortality was 2.13 (95 % CI = [1.80-2.52], p < 0.001)., Conclusion:  The prevalence of thoracic lymphadenopathy in COVID-19 is 16.7 %. The presence of thoracic lymphadenopathy is associated with an approximately twofold increase in the risk for hospital mortality in COVID-19., Key Points:   · The prevalence of lymphadenopathy in COVID-19 is 16.7 %.. · Patients with lymphadenopathy in COVID-19 have a higher risk of mortality during hospitalization.. · Lymphadenopathy nearly doubles mortality and plays an important prognostic role.., Citation Format: · Bucher AM, Sieren M, Meinel F et al. Prevalence and prognostic role of thoracic lymphadenopathy in Covid-19. Rofo 2025; 197: 163 - 171., Competing Interests: R. K.: Consulting fees from Boston Scientific, Bristol Myers Squibb, Guerbet, Roche, and Sirtex; payment for lectures from BTG, Eisai, Guerbet, Ipsen, Roche, Siemens, Sirtex, and MSD Sharp & Dohme; chair of the European Society of Radiology Audit and Standards Subcommittee.A.M.B.: Bayer, Guebert, Siemens Healthineers (Consulting fees and travel Support) T.P.: Fördermittel vom Berlin Institute of Health (Advanced Clinician Scientist Grant, Platform Grant), Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung (BMBF, 01KX2021 (RACOON), 01KX2121 (“NUM 2. 0” RACOON), 68GX21001A, 01ZZ2315D), Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, SFB 1340/2), Europäische Union (H2020, CHAIMELEON: 952172, DIGITAL, EUCAIM:101100633) und berichtet über Forschungsvereinbarungen (keine persönlichen Zuwendungen, außerhalb der eingereichten Arbeit) mit AGO, Aprea AB, ARCAGY-GINECO, Astellas Pharma Global Inc. (APGD), Astra Zeneca, Clovis Oncology, Inc, Holaira, Incyte Corporation, Karyopharm, Lion Biotechnologies, Inc, MedImmune, Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp, Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Inc, Morphotec Inc, NovoCure Ltd, PharmaMar S.A. und PharmaMar USA, Inc, Roche, Siemens Healthineers und TESARO Inc, sowie Honorare für eine Buchübersetzung (Elsevier B.V.)., (Thieme. All rights reserved.)

Periodontitis leads to a destruction of the tooth-supporting apparatus, which untreated may end up in tooth-loss. Key factor in the pathogenesis of periodontitis is the host immune response, genetic predisposition, and lifestyle factors (such as smoking, stress, and diabetes), all of which influence disease severity. Periodontitis is more common in men than women, this fact may point out that gender may have an influence on periodontitis. In addition, the incidence and severity seem to have a gender predilection with the incidence and severity of periodontal disease appearing to be greater in males than in females. The purpose of this narrative review was to summarize the existing literature on influence of gender in periodontology. The review included German and English articles and aimed to identify any gender differences in periodontitis. The World Health Organization (WHO) defines gender as the socially constructed characteristics, norms, behaviors and roles associated with being a woman, man, girl or boy, and the relationships between them. The topic of "gender" is not a new topic in dentistry. However, existing studies are relatively limited and further research is needed to improve our understanding of this topic. In fact, understanding gender and gender differences in oral health may be valuable for improving the effectiveness of preventive and therapeutic interventions. By recognizing and addressing these differences, healthcare professionals can tailor their approaches to better address the specific needs and challenges of individuals of different genders. This can help improve overall oral health outcomes., (Copyright 2025 . License: This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.)

Background: Damage induced by ultraviolet (UV) radiation plays a decisive role in the carcinogenesis of malignant tumors of the eyelids., Methods: A selective literature search was performed in PubMed and Google Scholar., Results: Large epidemiological studies show an increase in the prevalence of eyelid tumors in recent decades. The incidence of malignant eyelid tumors has increased especially in the white population over the last 70 years. A UV-induced damage to tumor suppressor genes and oncogenes which play a key role in the carcinogenesis of malignant eyelid tumors has been demonstrated. Strong intermittent UV exposure and sunburn have been identified as risk factors for basal cell carcinoma and malignant melanoma. For squamous cell carcinoma, cumulative UV exposure over a longer period of time is considered a risk factor., Conclusion: In order to counteract the UV-related increase in malignant eyelid tumors, preventive protective measures, early detection and increased public awareness are essential. On the one hand, changes in behavior, appropriate clothing, wearing hats and sunglasses or contact lenses with UV filters are effective measures for UV protection. On the other hand, the underlying mechanisms of carcinogenesis should be investigated further in order to be able to carry out effective prevention and further develop treatment., Competing Interests: Einhaltung ethischer Richtlinien. Interessenkonflikt: I. Goldammer, S. Mielke, S. Emmert, O. Furashova und V. Kakkassery geben an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht. Für diesen Beitrag wurden von den Autor/-innen keine Studien an Menschen oder Tieren durchgeführt. Für die aufgeführten Studien gelten die jeweils dort angegebenen ethischen Richtlinien. Für Bildmaterial oder anderweitige Angaben innerhalb des Manuskripts, über die Patient/-innen zu identifizieren sind, liegt von ihnen und/oder ihren gesetzlichen Vertretern/Vertreterinnen eine schriftliche Einwilligung vor., (© 2025. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Medizin Verlag GmbH, ein Teil von Springer Nature.)

The article is based, among other things, on the updated KDIGO guideline for the evaluation and management of chronic kidney disease, which was published in Kidney International in March 2024. Chronic kidney disease is one of the most common chronic diseases, with a prevalence of around 10%, not least due to demographic ageing. The incidence of chronic kidney disease is approximately twice that of diabetes and approximately 20 times higher than that of cancer. Chronic kidney disease is classified using glomerular filtration rate and albuminuria. The definition of CKD may also include markers other than GFR and ACR. Patients with diabetes or hypertension should have GFR and ACR tested regularly. The individual risk of kidney failure requiring dialysis can be determined using a prediction equation. A better understanding of age- and gender-specific differences means that personalized therapy approaches are becoming increasingly important. Clinicians should be aware of the limitations of the endogenous biomarkers creatinine and cystatin C for determining GFR. For Germany, the equations of the European Kidney Function Consortium (EKFC) are recommended for estimating GFR., Competing Interests: ES erhält ein Honorar der National Kidney Foundation, ein Consulting-Honorar von AstraZeneca und ist Mitglied der Arbeitsgruppe der KDIGO CKD Leitlinie., (Thieme. All rights reserved.)

Background: Descriptions of long-term histories of alcohol dependence provide insight into the etiology, prevention and care., Objective: Report of empirical findings about the development into and remission from alcohol dependence., Method: Narrative literature review, analysis of findings from cohort studies in the general population., Results: Risk factors provide the opportunity to estimate increased probabilities of developing an alcohol dependence. Adolescents disclosed symptoms of alcohol dependence within 8 years after the first alcohol consumption. Alcohol dependence is related to a life expectancy 17.6 years fewer than in the general population. Data of a general population sample revealed a risk of early death 2.8 times higher than among people without mental disorders. The severity of alcohol dependence was shown to be a predictor of premature death. Nicotine dependence can add to the shortening of life in addition to alcohol dependence. Among the alcohol dependent residents in a general population sample, 90.2% did not have utilized detoxification treatment that included motivational treatment and 78.4% did not have utilized standard detoxification treatment in a psychiatric treatment facility. Remission without formal help has been proven. It is the main route of remission., Conclusion: To reduce unfavorable courses of alcohol dependence, prevention and treatment should be focused more on the needs in the general population. In psychiatric and other medical routine care, screening and an appropriate brief intervention should be carried out., Competing Interests: Einhaltung ethischer Richtlinien. Interessenkonflikt: U. John, H.-J. Rumpf, S. Hoffmann, C. Meyer und F. Kiefer geben an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht. Für diesen Beitrag wurden von den Autor/-innen keine Studien an Menschen oder Tieren durchgeführt. Für die aufgeführten Studien gelten die jeweils dort angegebenen ethischen Richtlinien., (© 2024. The Author(s).)

In 2016, the World Health Organization (WHO) decided on an initiative to identify 90% of the world's existing hepatitis B and C virus infections by 2030, treat 80% and reduce the mortality by 65%. In 2016, the federal government endorsed these goals. From Oct 1, 2021, the G-BA included a one-time screening for hepatitis B and C in the health examination (GU) for people aged 35 and over who have statutory health insurance. The previous participation rates in the GU were evaluated and the effectiveness of the program is documented using the reporting data on hepatitis B and C of Robert Koch Institute (RKI).Notifications from Central Institute of Statutory Health Insurance (ZI) and Scientific Institute of the local health insurance companies (WIdO) were compiled with regard to the GU, the reporting data from the RKI were collected and analyzed using SURVSTAT@RKI 2.0 as well as billing data from the Association of Statutory Health Insurance Physicians (KBV).Between 2007 and 2021, around 83% of all insured persons took part in a GU at least once. From the fourth quarter of 2021, the number of newly diagnosed cases of hepatitis B and C increased. In 2022, the increase for hepatitis B was 91.9% and for hepatitis C 68%. This trend continued in 2023, with new diagnoses of hepatitis B increasing by 160% (to 22,795 cases) and hepatitis C increasing by 121% (to 10,508 cases) compared to 2021. The analysis of the KBV billing data showed that the increase in new diagnoses shows a strong correlation between the number of new diagnoses within the GU and the total number of diagnoses.The decision of the Federal Joint Committee (G-BA) to include hepatitis B and C screening in the GU seems to be a success in detecting previously undetected cases of the disease. Based on the billing data from the KBV, a high level of agreement could be demonstrated between the number of new diagnoses within the GU and the increase in the total number of diagnoses. The goals of the WHO may be achievable., Competing Interests: Die Autorinnen/Autoren geben an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht., (Thieme. All rights reserved.)

Background: Sexualized harassment, discrimination and violence (SHDV) in the workplace, during training and studies can affect people regardless of their gender. The Equality team at the University Medicine Greifswald (UMG) conducted a survey to determine the current status of such experiences within the company and to derive targeted preventive measures., Method: Over a period of four months, employees from various professional groups and students were asked online about their experiences and knowledge of sexualized harassment, discrimination and violence, as well as their need for support options., Results: The overall response rate was 11.9%. Of the total number of people surveyed, the responses of 766 were analysed, with 44.6% of these respondents stating that they had experienced SHDV in a professional context in the course of their lives. Women (48.6%) were affected more frequently than men (34.8% p < 0.001). Physical boundary violations were mainly reported by women (21.6% vs. 11.0%). 68.5% of respondents were aware of the Equality team as a contact point. Nevertheless, only 2.2% of those affected turned to this institution. Merely 4.4% stated that they had received formal training on sexualized harassment and protection options, although more than half of the respondents expressed interest in such training., Conclusion: Based on the results, formal training should now be offered to UMG employees, trainees and students in order to prevent sexualized harassment, discrimination and violence in order to strengthen the handling of these issues., Competing Interests: Interessenkonflikt. Die Autorinnen geben an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt vorliegt., (© 2024. Springer Medizin Verlag GmbH, ein Teil von Springer Nature.)

Competing Interests: Disclosure The authors report no conflicts of interest in this work.

Background: Visual snow is a disorder of visual perception that is manifested as a constant flickering or "TV-like" noise in the entire visual field. Visual snow syndrome (VSS) describes a combination with other additional visual symptoms, such as sensitivity to light, afterimages, night blindness and entoptic phenomena. Cases of VS have been described in the literature using a wide variety of terms, often misunderstood as persistent migraine aura. Established diagnostic criteria have existed for more than 10 years now; however, the pathophysiology is still incompletely understood. The exact prevalence also remains unknown and high numbers of unreported cases are suspected. This is the first detailed description of a cohort of VSS patients from Germany., Methods: Patients with VSS from several studies conducted at our center were pooled and retrospectively evaluated with respect to demographic, epidemiological and clinical data., Results: In this study 66 patients with VSS were included (age 31.3 ± 8.3 years, 30 women). The most commonly associated visual symptoms were photophobia (67%) and afterimages (65%). Of the patients 36 (54%) had comorbid migraine of whom 25 (70%) had migraine with aura, 26 (39%) reported depressive symptoms and 32 (48%) symptoms of an anxiety disorder. Tinnitus was reported by 32 (48%) patients., Conclusion: The characteristics of the German cohort described here are similar to other international descriptions. Due to the frequent psychological comorbidity there is still a risk of psychosomatic stigmatization., Competing Interests: Einhaltung ethischer Richtlinien. Interessenkonflikt: A. Straube; Für Vortragstätigkeit und Beratung: Allergan, Novartis, Lundbeck, Lilly, Sanofi, TEVA, Forschungsunterstützung: Novartis, Innovationsfonds, DFG, Universität München. R. Ruscheweyh : Für Vortragstätigkeit und Beratung, sowie Unterstützung von Kongressreisen: Allergan, Lilly, Lundbeck, Pfizer, Novartis, Teva. O.E. Eren Für Vortragstätigkeit und Beratung: Lilly, Novartis, Finanzielle Unterstützung für wissenschaftliche Tätigkeit: BMBF, Deutsche Migräne- und Kopfschmerzgesellschaft, Friedrich-Baur-Institut. F. Fay gibt an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht. Für diesen Beitrag wurden von den Autor/-innen keine Studien an Menschen oder Tieren durchgeführt. Für die aufgeführten Studien gelten die jeweils dort angegebenen ethischen Richtlinien., (© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Medizin Verlag GmbH, ein Teil von Springer Nature.)

Background: A mentally stressed family environment can pose a risk to the healthy development of infants and young children. It is unclear how widespread psychological distress currently is in the overall population of parents with young children and whether the proportion of parents with psychological distress has increased in recent years of multiple crises. Furthermore, it is unclear to what extent associations between the psychological distress of parents, their parenting skills, and early childhood development persist when a growing number of parents report psychological distress., Methods: In a nationwide, representative survey, 258 pediatricians documented the development of 7818 infants and toddlers as part of a preventive medical checkup. The children's parents answered questions about their mental health (anxiety and depression) and their parenting skills. The 2022 prevalences were compared with the results of the previous study from 2015., Results: Taken together, around a fifth (21.5%) of all parents reported moderate or clinically significant psychological distress (2015: 15.7%); parents with psychological distress were significantly more likely to express doubts about their own parenting competencies than parents without psychological distress. Pediatricians documented indications of a regulatory disorder and developmental delay significantly more frequently in children whose parents reported clinically significant psychological distress., Discussion: The results illustrate the increasing relevance of psychological distress among parents with young children in recent years. The finding that parental psychological distress is associated with developmental abnormality in children once again highlights the need to provide families with targeted support from the outset., Competing Interests: Einhaltung ethischer Richtlinien. Interessenkonflikt: M. Hänelt, A. Neumann, U. Lux und I. Renner geben an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht. Alle beschriebenen Befragungen wurden mit Zustimmung der Ethikkommission des Deutschen Jugendinstituts (Nr. 2021/005) mit nationalem Recht sowie gemäß der Deklaration von Helsinki von 1975 (in der aktuellen, überarbeiteten Fassung) durchgeführt. Von allen beteiligten Eltern und Praxispädiaterinnen und -pädiatern wurde vor Teilnahme an der Studie eine schriftliche Einwilligungserklärung eingeholt., (© 2024. The Author(s).)

Background: Synovial chondromatosis, or osteochondromatosis, is a rare benign disorder that occurs in joints, tendon sheaths, or bursae, characterized by cartilage proliferations of varying sizes and shapes, often with ossifications. In this study the prevalence, sensitivity, gender predominance, differential diagnoses, and primary localization of synovial chondromatosis are analyzed within the Histopathological Arthritis Registry of the German Society for Orthopedic Rheumatology., Methods: All cases of patients diagnosed with "synovial chondromatosis" from the Histopathological Arthritis Registry of the German Society for Orthopedic Rheumatology were retrospectively examined, covering the period from 1 January 2018, to 31 December 2022., Results: Between 1 January 2018, and 31 December 2022, there were 14 cases of synovial chondromatosis out of a total of 13,222 cases in the Histopathological Arthritis Register of the German Society for Orthopedic Rheumatology. The available data include primary localization, and age and gender of the patients. Among the 13,222 cases in the Histopathological Arthritis Register of the German Society for Orthopedic Rheumatology, 14 were histopathologically confirmed as synovial chondromatosis. This resulted in a prevalence of 0.1% or 1.13 per 1,000 cases. The correct clinical presumptive diagnosis was made in 5 cases, yielding a sensitivity of 35.7%, 95% confidence interval (CI) 12.8% to 64.9%., Discussion: Differential diagnoses for this condition include pigmented villonodular synovitis, tenosynovial giant cell tumor, and chondrosarcoma. Synovial chondromatosis frequently occurs in large joints such as the knee, hip, and the temporomandibular joint. A peak incidence is described in the fifth decade of life. However, the disorder can also occur in children. For the first time, the study was able to provide data for Germany based on a large sample. Additionally, initial statements regarding the prevalence and sensitivity of synovial chondromatosis could be made. The aim of this work is to raise awareness of this very rare disease to enable faster and more efficient diagnosis. The study also highlights the importance of histopathology in the diagnosis of synovial chondromatosis., Competing Interests: Einhaltung ethischer Richtlinien. Interessenkonflikt: S. Kriegsmann, V. Krenn und M. Liebisch geben an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht. In dieser Studie werden prospektiv keine Interventionen an Menschen oder Tieren durchgeführt. Die Daten sind vollständig anonymisiert, werden nur für wissenschaftliche Zwecke verwendet und retrospektiv erhoben. Positives Votum der Ethikkommission der Sigmund Freud PrivatUniversität: Es liegt ein positives Ethikvotum aus der Sitzung der Ethikkommission der Sigmund Freud PrivatUniversität vom 06.11.2023 für diese Arbeit vor. Vorsitzende der Sitzung war Prim. Univ. Prof. Mag. Mag. Dr. Dr. med. Univ. Barbara Maier. Die Nummer des Ethikvotums für die vorliegende Masterarbeit lautet: Antrags-Nr. 882-2023. Positives Ethikvotum der Landesärztekammer Rheinland-Pfalz, Mainz: Es liegt ein positives Ethikvotum aus der Sitzung der Ethikkommission vom 19.07.2019 der Landesärztekammer Rheinland-Pfalz, Mainz, Deutschland vor. Die Bearbeitungsnummer bzw. Kennzeichnungsnummer des Votums lautet: 2019-14353., (© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Medizin Verlag GmbH, ein Teil von Springer Nature.)

Purpose: Although work-related medical rehabilitation (WMR) has been established as a component of the rehabilitative care system for some time, particularly in patients with musculoskeletal disorders, studies indicated strong heterogeneity regarding the implementation of the guideline for WMR in Germany. This study is the first to examine the implementation of work-related functional capacity training and the preceding work-related diagnostics based on a nationwide survey of WMR health care professionals., Methods: Rehabilitation facilities (n=317) authorized to carry out WMR in patients with musculoskeletal disorders were invited to participate in a nationwide survey. 86 of 317 facilities responded to the self-developed questionnaire and met the inclusion criteria., Results: 67% of the WMR facilities described a systematic use of functional capacity evaluation (FCE) at the beginning of rehabilitation in at least 50% of the rehabilitants. 70% stated that they systematically matched abilities and work demands. Furthermore, 57% reported that profile comparisons were used to tailor training of work-related functional capacity. The training itself was provided to at least every second rehabilitant with a total duration of 360 minutes or more in about every second facility. The FCE procedures and the work-related functional capacity training were primarily carried out by occupational therapists., Conclusion: Work-related diagnostics and the work-related functional capacity training are often but not yet always implemented in line with the guideline for WMR. Promoting interdisciplinarity seems to be a promising approach regarding the further development of WMR., Competing Interests: Die Autoren sind für das Institut für Qualitätssicherung in Prävention und Rehabilitation GmbH an der Deutschen Sporthochschule Köln tätig., (The Author(s). This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonDerivative-NonCommercial-License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit. Contents may not be used for commercial purposes, or adapted, remixed, transformed or built upon. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).)

Obwohl immer mehr Menschen gegen Covid-19 geimpft werden, bleibt die wöchentliche Zahl der neuen Fälle weltweit relativ hoch. Außerdem wurden mehrere SARS-CoV-2-Varianten beschrieben (Gómez et al., 2021), und es besteht ein erhebliches Risiko, dass es in den kommenden Jahren zu wiederholten Covid-19-Wellen kommt. In diesem Zusammenhang sind weitere Forschungsarbeiten erforderlich, um die Epidemiologie von Covid-19 besser zu verstehen. In den vergangenen Monaten haben mehrere Studien die Prävalenz von Covid-19 und die Merkmale der mit dieser Krankheit diagnostizierten Personen untersucht. Es wurde festgestellt, dass der Anteil der mit Covid-19 diagnostizierten Personen je nach Umfeld und Land stark variiert (Elimian et al., 2020; Fan et al., 2020; Guerriero et al., 2021; Haimovich et al., 2020; Lusignan et al., 2020; Mani et al., 2020; Pouwels et al., 2021; Santos-Hövener et al., 2020; Shen et al., 2020; Shepard et al., 2021; Sundaram et al., 2021). Obwohl diese Studien das Feld vorangebracht haben, schlossen die meisten von ihnen Teilnehmer unabhängig von ihrer potenziellen Symptomatik ein, so dass wenig über die spezifische Prävalenz von Covid-19 bei Personen mit üblichen Covid-19-Symptomen (z. B. Husten, Müdigkeit oder Fieber) bekannt ist. In Bezug auf die soziodemografischen und klinischen Merkmale von Personen, bei denen Covid-19 diagnostiziert wurde, hat die Literatur auch einige widersprüchliche Ergebnisse geliefert. So wurde beispielsweise in einer Studie festgestellt, dass Menschen mit Diabetes im Vergleich zu Menschen ohne Diabetes ein erhöhtes Risiko für Covid-19 haben (Fan et al., 2020), während in einer anderen Studie festgestellt wurde, dass dies nicht der Fall ist (Lusignan et al., 2020). In Anbetracht dieser Diskrepanzen werden mehr Daten über die Häufigkeit der Covid-19-Diagnose bei Personen mit häufigen Covid-19-Symptomen sowie über die soziodemografischen und klinischen Merkmale dieser Population benötigt.

Ende Dezember 2020 hat Deutschland mit der Impfung der Bevölkerung gegen Covid-19 begonnen. Bis Februar 2021 wurden bereits mehrere Impfstoffe in vielen Ländern inklusive Deutschland zugelassen [1]. Bis Juni 2021 konnte die Covid-19-Impfung aufgrund der begrenzten Impfstoffverfügbarkeit jedoch nur bestimmten Personengruppen angeboten werden. Die Priorisierung erfolgte nach der Höhe des Risikos für schwere oder tödliche Verläufe einer Covid-19-Erkrankung sowie aufgrund der beruflichen Exposition oder des engen Kontaktes zu vulnerablen Personengruppen. Höchste Priorität hatten, unter anderem, über 80-Jährige sowie Mitarbeiter der medizinischen Einrichtungen oder Altersheime. Hohe Priorität hatten u.a. Über-70-Jährige sowie Personen mit definierten schweren chronischen Erkrankungen (z.B. Demenz oder geistige Behinderung). Erhöhte Priorität bekamen über 60-Jährige sowie Personen mit weiteren Erkrankungen (z.B. Diabetes mellitus oder Schlaganfall) [2]. Darüber hinaus mussten enge Kontaktpersonen von Pflegebedürftigen und Schwangeren priorisiert werden. Die Impfpriorisierung wurde zum 7. Juni 2021 bundesweit für alle Impfstoffe aufgehoben. Im Jahr 2021 durchgeführte Studien in Deutschland ergaben eine hohe Akzeptanzrate unter Beschäftigten des Gesundheitswesens [3] sowie unter älteren Personen [4].

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Ziel war die Häufigkeit von Krankenhausdiagnosen medikamentöser (T36.*–T50.*) und nicht-medikamentöser Vergiftungen (T51.*– T65.*) in Deutschland über die Jahre 2008 bis 2017 zu untersuchen. Dazu wurde eine Analyse mit den altersstandardisierten Diagnoseraten zu den ICD-10-Codes T36.*– T50 und ICD-10-Codes T51.* – T65 aus der Datenbank der Gesundheitsberichterstat-tung des Bundes durchgeführt und bzgl. alters- und geschlechtsspezifischer Unterschiede sowie Korrelationen mit sozioökonomischen Faktoren untersucht. Neben einer Abnahme der medikamentösen und nicht-medikamentösen Vergiftungen seit 2008, zeigen Frauen das höhere Risiko für medikamentöse Vergiftungen im Vergleich zu Männern, allerdings ein numerisch geringeres Risiko bei den nicht-medikamentösen Vergiftungen. In der Altersgruppe der 15-24-Jährigen traten in 2017 signifikant höhere Raten medikamentöser Vergiftungen (OR: 2,31 [95% KI: 1,41; 3,76]; p=0,001) im Vergleich zur Referenzaltersgruppe der 45-54-Jährigen auf. Korrelationen zwischen der Abnahme der Vergiftungsfälle wurden mit dem Pro-Kopf-Einkommen, der Arbeitslosenquote, der Anzahl der Haushalte mit Wohngeld sowie der Schulbildung für die Jahre 2008 bis 2017 ermittelt. Präventive Maßnahmen in Bezug auf medikamentöse Vergiftungen erscheinen insbesondere in der Altersgruppe der 15-24-Jährigen sowie bei Frauen und finanziell- und bildungsbenachteiligten Gruppen angebracht.

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Numerous findings are known to exist between dietary habits, physical activity, and child and adolescent health. Here, we will use data from the most recent Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) study to describe dietary habits and patterns of physical activity. Using the survey data for 11-, 13- and 15-year-old students from across Germany, we report findings for key indicators of diet and physical activity for the 2017/18 cycle. By comparing these findings with data from the 2009/10 and 2013/14 survey cycles, we also consider current trends. Results from the most recent cycle show that 10.0% of girls and 16.9% of boys meet the World Health Organization’s (WHO) physical activity recommendations. Across all HBSC cycles, this is the lowest figure so far. Concerning dietary habits, 50.6% of girls and 59.0% of boys reported having breakfast every morning. Data for daily fruit, vegetable and soft drink consumption emphasises the need to promote a healthy diet among adolescents. For all indicators of physical activity and diet, differences between girls and boys are apparent. Girls’ intake of fruit and vegetables is higher and they consume fewer soft drinks, yet boys are more physically active and have breakfast more regularly. For the majority of indicators of dietary habits and physical activity, considerable inequalities relating to family affluence are observed. An important implication of the study results for dietary habits and physical activity of older children and adolescents is the need to foster settings-based approaches to promote physical activity and a healthy diet that integrate a gender-sensitive perspective.

Bullying is a specific form of violence that can potentially lead to numerous and long-term negative health implications. Despite consistent coverage in the media, particularly on cyberbullying, as of yet there are only few representative findings on the frequency of (cyber)bullying in Germany. This article analyses how widespread bullying and cyberbullying were at schools in Germany in 2018, what differences exist between girls and boys, age groups and various types of schools, and changes in bullying trends between 2002 and 2018. Our findings are based on an analysis of the data provided by the 2017/18 cycle (N=4,347 students, 53.0% female) and previous cycles of the German Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) study. In the 2018 cycle, boys reported having bullied other children more frequently than girls, but were bullied just as often. 15-year-olds reported having bullied other children more frequently than 11- to- 13-year-olds but reported being bullied less frequently. Students at grammar schools (Gymnasium) least frequently reported any involvement in bullying. Only few children and adolescents reported cases of cyberbullying. Compared to all previous survey years, 2018 saw the lowest number of children that reported having bullied others. However, reports of having been bullied have remained almost stable. The findings highlight the need for evidence-based prevention and intervention anti-bullying programmes and measures across all types of general education schools and age groups.

Background: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a clinically heterogeneous autoimmune disease that is associated with great suffering for those affected, as well as high socioeconomic costs. Early diagnosis and adequate medical care are essential for a mild course of the disease. However, there is a lack of current figures and data on the care situation of patients in the area., Methodology: A total of 1546 general practitioners, rheumatologists, neurologists, nephrologists and dermatologists in Rhineland-Palatinate and Saarland were interviewed by fax or mail using a questionnaire regarding epidemiology, symptoms, therapy and therapy success. In addition, there was the possibility of making suggestions for improvement., Results: Five out of six of the 635 reported SLE patients were female. The most common main symptoms were arthralgia, fatigue, myalgia, and skin changes. Of the patients, 68% received antimalarials (AMs), whereas 46% were treated with glucocorticoids (GCs) and 50% with an immunosuppressant (IS), mainly methotrexate. In terms of comorbidities, patients suffered mainly from cardiovascular disease, fibromyalgia syndrome and depression. Rheumatologists also frequently described anaemia, diabetes mellitus and osteoporosis., Discussion: Compared with guideline recommendations, the low rate of AMs in therapy was particularly striking in patients not treated by rheumatologists (35% on average compared with 81% for rheumatologists). Additionally, (sustained) high doses of GCs are not in line with literature recommendations. In the free text field, the main requests were for more rheumatologists in private practice and faster appointment scheduling, as well as better communication and networking. In addition, the desire for more training and education was frequently expressed.., (© 2024. The Author(s).)

Background: Fatigue is an unspecific symptom complex characterized by tiredness, lack of energy, and lack of concentration and is of considerable public health relevance, due to its links with incapacity for work, risk of accidents, and increased need for healthcare., Methods: The analyses are based on data from 9766 adults of the telephone survey "Gesundheit in Deutschland aktuell (GEDA)" 2023. Fatigue was recorded using the Fatigue Assessment Scale (FAS), a validated instrument with 10 questions for self-assessment of fatigue. The scale was dichotomized into yes (at least mild to moderate fatigue) versus no (no fatigue). Population-weighted prevalences of fatigue and associated sociodemographic and health-related factors were calculated in descriptive analyses and multivariable Poisson regression., Results: The overall prevalence of fatigue in adults in Germany is 29.7% (95% CI 28.1-31.2), is highest in 18- to 29-year-olds (39.6% (95% CI 35.0-44.4)), and decreases in the age groups up to 65-79 years (20.6% (95% CI 18.2-23.3)). It is higher again in the very old age group (33.2% (95% CI 28.9-37.7)). Women have a higher risk of fatigue than men (aRR 1.19 (95% CI 1.08-1.32)). Fatigue is significantly associated with age, lower education, chronic illness, depression, and long COVID, regardless of covariates., Discussion: GEDA 2023 is one of the few population-based studies to have collected data on fatigue. The results allow estimates to be made for Germany on the frequency of fatigue and the significance of physical, psychological, and social influencing factors. They can be used as a reference or as a basis for trends over time as part of continuous health monitoring in Germany., (© 2024. The Author(s).)

Dupuytren's contracture is a fibroproliferative systemic disease that cannot be stopped by medication. The overall prevalence is 7-8%. Men are affected 3-4 times more frequently. The cause of the disease is not known. A genetic disposition and thus familial clustering are being discussed. Risk factors for the development of a Dupuytren's contracture are work-related stress (microtrauma), nicotine and alcohol consumption, epilepsy and diabetes mellitus as well as advanced age. The prognosis is poor in cases with a positive family history, bilateral involvement, age < 50 years and male gender. Several treatment options are available. Conservative therapy has no lasting benefit. Minimally invasive procedures include partial needle aponeurectomy or the injection of collagenase. Surgical procedures range from partial aponeurectomy to dermatoaponeurectomy. The recurrence risk of the gold standard treatment of surgery (partial aponeurectomy) is 20.9%., (© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Medizin Verlag GmbH, ein Teil von Springer Nature.)