Search

Finding a holistic and integrative – yet applied and manageable – framework for both understanding and reducing disaster risk has been at the forefront of the most challenging disaster risk research for decades. Still, the search for what some consider unachievable involves multiple challenges, from institutional or cultural site-specific obstacles to more structural complications, including social conditions of knowledge-production and competing epistemological framings.As part of the ongoing REMAKE programme (Seismic Risk in Ecuador: Mitigation, Anticipation and Knowledge of Earthquakes), contributions from the social sciences provide a contextual approach to enlighten the understanding and management of seismic disaster risk, especially in Esmeraldas after the 2016 Pedernales disaster. Analysing experience reports and feedback from REMAKE allows the authors to highlight the contribution of geosciences and social sciences to the field of risk prevention. Such analysis also emphasizes the relevance of interdisciplinary research. Further, looking more deeply at this research experience shows the importance of underlying social conditionings in producing prescriptive knowledge on disaster risk. The search for more integrative research and action frameworks cannot avoid addressing an epistemological debate on approaches and conceptual models of disaster risk. Such a level of reflexivity within the discourse of research programming and risk management is consistent with the Risk Society thesis and the primary challenges that it posits. Lessons learned from REMAKE offer some insights to nurture the very first steps towards interdisciplinary research programmes and integrative disaster prevention policies, so that a significant difference might be made in disaster risk reduction.

Depending on the presence or absence of the estrogen receptor in the cells, breast cancer today is often treated by endocrine therapy (tamoxifen) or chemotherapy, respectively. We present now a new paradigm for breast cancer treatment, taking advantage of concepts in bioorganometallic chemistry. In this way, we have synthesized molecules containing an organometallic moiety (ferrocene), and a biovector (hydroxytamoxifen), yielding compounds which display a new therapeutic spectrum consisting of antiestrogenicity and cytotoxicity. A structure–activity relationship study has shown that a ferrocene group, linked to a para-phenol group by a conjugated spacer, is a necessary motif for strong cytotoxic effects to be observed.