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Your search keyword '"Nüesch, E"' showing total 8 results
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8 results on '"Nüesch, E"'

1. The effects of exclusions of patients from the analysis in randomised controlled trials: Meta-epidemiological study

Author

Nüesch, E, Trelle, S, Reichenbach, S, Rutjes, AWS, Bürgi, E, Scherer, M, Altman, DG, and Jüni, P

Abstract

Objective: To examine whether exclusions of patients from the analysis of randomized trials are associated with biased estimates of treatment effects and higher heterogeneity between trials. Design: Meta-epidemiological study based on a collection of meta-analyses of randomised trials. Data sources: 14 meta-analyses including 167 trials that compared therapeutic interventions with placebo or non-intervention control in patients with osteoarthritis of the hip or knee and used patient reported pain as an outcome. Methods: Effect sizes were calculated from differences in means of pain intensity between groups at the end of follow-up, divided by the pooled standard deviation. Trials were combined by using random effects meta-analysis. Estimates of treatment effects were compared between trials with and trials without exclusions from the analysis, and the impact of restricting meta-analyses to trials without exclusions was assessed. Results: 39 trials (23 %) had included all patients in the analysis. In 128 trials (77 %) some patients were excluded from the analysis. Effect sizes from trials with exclusions tended to be more beneficial than those from trials without exclusions (difference -0.13, 95 %-confidence interval -0.29 to 0.04). However, estimates of bias between individual meta-analyses varied considerably (2=0.07). Tests of interaction between exclusions from the analysis and estimates of treatment effects were positive in five meta-analyses. Stratified analyses indicated that differences in effect sizes between trials with and trials without exclusions were more pronounced in meta-analyses with high between trial heterogeneity, in meta-analyses with large estimated treatment benefits, and in meta-analyses of complementary medicine. Restriction of meta-analyses to trials without exclusions resulted in smaller estimated treatment benefits, larger P values, and considerable decreases in between trial heterogeneity. Conclusion: Exclusions of patients from the analysis in randomised trials often result in biased estimates of treatment effects, but the extent and direction of bias is unpredictable. Results from intention to treat analyses should always be described in reports of randomised trials. In systematic reviews, the influence of exclusions from the analysis on estimated treatment effects should routinely be assessed.

Published
2016

6. [Mucus models for investigation of intestinal absorption mechanisms. 3. A mathematical simulation model of drug diffusion through enteral mucus].

Author

Fahr A, Guitard P, Matthes I, Nimmerfall F, Nüesch E, and Sucker H

Subjects
Diffusion, Models, Biological, Pindolol pharmacokinetics, Software, Intestinal Absorption physiology, Mucus physiology
Abstract

The diffusion of drug substance in a closed three-compartment model through a mucus layer to equilibrium is simulated by available pharmacokinetic programs. The obtained curves conform very well to the values experimentally found. If mucus is replaced by buffer solution an explicit equation from the literature, the method used and the experimental findings give the same results. Examination of the rate constants k1 for the diffusion in, kD through and k2 from the mucus shows the significance of the relation k1/k2 > 1, = 1, < 1 as a measure for the affinity of the active agent to the mucus. The discussion of the kinetic parameters shows, as in previous results, no criterion for assuming specific mucus binding. Because of its unspecifity the usual term "mucus binding" should be replaced by "mucus retention".

Published
1992

7. [Proceedings: Studies on the digoxin resorption in patients with decompensated right cardiac insufficiency].

Author

Ohnhaus EE, Vozeh S, and Nüesch E

Subjects
Digoxin therapeutic use, Heart Failure metabolism, Humans, Digoxin metabolism, Heart Failure drug therapy
Abstract

Digoxin absorption was investigated in 7 patients suffering from severe right cardiac failure. After successful treatment and disappearance of the symptoms of right cardiac failure, the study was repeated in the same patients. Tritium-labelled digoxin in a dose of 0.1 mg as a solution, and non-labelled digoxin as a 0.25 mg tablet, were given to the patients in the fasting state. Blood samples were taken at specified time intervals up to 120 h and the urine was collected during the same period. The concentrations of digoxin in plasma and urine were measured in a liquid scintillation counter. The unlabelled digoxin was estimated by radioimmunoassay. The concentrations obtained in the plasma and urine were used to compute pharmacokinetic parameters. There was no significant difference in the plasma concentration curves in severe right cardiac failure and after successful treatment, nor did the calculated pharmacokinetic parameters differ significantly. Inhibition of digoxin absorption in severe right cardiac failure therefore seems unlikely.

Published
1975

8. [Influence of salmon calcitonin on acute pancreatitis (author's transl)].

Author

Paul F, Ohnhaus EE, Hesch RD, Chemnitz G, Hoppe-Seyler R, Henrichs HR, Hartung H, Waldmann D, Kunze K, Barth E, Nüesch E, and Abt K

Subjects
Acute Disease, Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Animals, Calcitonin administration & dosage, Calcitonin blood, Double-Blind Method, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Placebos, Salmon, Calcitonin therapeutic use, Pancreatitis drug therapy
Published
1979
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