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El hallazgo de parásitos procedentes de contextos arqueológicos nos permite conocer las condiciones socio-económicas y los hábitos alimentarios de las poblaciones pasadas, aportando una visión novedosa en el estudio de dichas sociedades. Pese a su probado interés en la contribución al conocimiento de los estudios arqueológicos, antropológicos y biológicos, apenas se han llevado a cabo investigaciones paleoparasitológicas en España. Este trabajo presenta los resultados de los análisis paleoparasitológicos desarrollados sobre restos esqueletizados de ocho individuos procedentes de la necrópolis romana de Dianium (Dénia, Alicante, España), fechada entre los siglos III a V d.C. Este análisis se ha realizado mediante visualización por microscopía óptica de campo claro. Los resultados han evidenciado la presencia de Ascaris lumbricoides en uno de los individuos. Estos resultados se han integrado con los hallazgos paleopatológicos y antropológicos. La presencia de este parásito se vincula a la falta de higiene, derivada de contaminación ambiental y alimentaria. ABSTRACT: The discovery of parasites remains from archaeological contexts allows us to learn about the socio-economic conditions and eating habits of past populations, providing a bioarchaeological insight into the study of these societies. Despite its proven interest in contributing to the knowledge of archaeological, anthropological and biological studies, very little palaeoparasitological research has been carried out in Spain. This paper presents the palaeoparasitological and anthropological results carried out on Upper and Lower Imperial Roman material from the study of eight skeletonized individuals found at the site of Dianium (Alicante, Spain). Given that these materials were found in previous archaeological campaigns, the sampling was carried out in the laboratory. This is the first time such a is conducted on a Spanish archaeological site. Analysis of ancient parasites were carried out using bright-field optical microscopy. The results showed the presence of Ascaris lumbricoides in one of the individuals. The presence of this parasite is linked to a lack of hygiene, derived from environmental and food contamination. The presence of parasites is related to evidence of bone pathologies. Likewise, the presence of this parasite may be due to the use of human faeces as fertilizer in Roman times. The low number of parasitological evidences may be due to the nature of the materials, as well as the taphonomic processes that took place.

El presente artículo ofrece una traducción anotada del Tratado acerca de las reglas del arte de los poetas (Qawānīn fī ṣināʿat al- šuʿarāʾ) de Abū Naṣr al-Fārābī. Acompañamos esta traducción de una introducción dividida en tres partes. En primer lugar, se ofrece un contexto general acerca del lugar del Qawānīn en la obra de al-Fārābī y en la tradición filosófica árabe. En segundo, se plantea una posible división temática del texto. Y finalmente, en tercer lugar, se especifican las peculiaridades de la traducción, referente al texto tomado como base y las principales decisiones de traducción.

Cataract is a cloudiness in the lens of the eye affecting its transparency. Surgical cataract removal is the only therapeutic approach. Phacoemulsification is the most common surgical procedure, in which ultrasound energy is used to emulsify the cataractous lens. The hardness of the cataract determines the optimal energy for the phacoemulsification procedure. The objective of this work is to model an ultrasoundbased system for cataract detection and classification. It was developed a computational tool for simulating the propagation of A-scan ultrasound in the eye, using the k-Wave MATLAB toolbox. Considering the computational resources available and the dimensions of cataractous microstructures, it was determined a suitable resolution that enables the simulation of ultrasound propagation through the cataractous eye in 2D and 3D. Being so, a pixel size of 8 µm was stablished. A matrix representing the eye structures was constructed in MATLAB. Since on simulations it was considered a focalized probe only the central part of the eye matrix was used. It was observed that 2D and 3D simulated signals present some differences, mainly in the amplitudes of the echoes corresponding to the interfaces of the eye. The chosen resolution was suitable for the purpose of this work. The simulation tool shows good versatility for evaluating diverse aspects of A-scan biometry.

Catalytic oxidation of primary C–H bonds of alkanes with a series of iron and manganese catalysts is investigated. Products resulting from oxidation of methylenic sites are observed when hexane (S1) is used as model substrate, while corresponding primary C–H bonds remain unreactive. However, by using 2,2,3,3-tetramethylbutane (S2) as model substrate, which only contains primary alkyl C–H bonds, oxidation takes place catalytically using a combination of hydrogen peroxide, a manganese catalyst and acetic acid as co-catalyst, albeit with modest yields (up to 4.4 TON). Complexes bearing tetradentate aminopyridine ligands provide the best yields, while a related pentadentate ligand provides smaller product yields. The chemoselectivity of the reaction is solvent dependent. Carboxylic acid 2b is observed as major product when the reaction takes place in acetonitrile, because of the facile overoxidation of the first formed alcohol product 2a. Instead the corresponding primary alcohol 2a becomes dominant in reactions performed in 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol (TFE). Polarity reversal of the hydroxyl moiety arising from the strong hydrogen bond donor ability of the latter solvent accounts for the unusual product chemoselectivity of the reaction. The significance of the current results in the context of light alkane oxidation is discussed.

We are facing the worst refuge crisis since World War II. This is a constant process, that will increase in the future and it is framed into the several migratory movements that we are living since decades not only because of war, but also due to climatic, political and economic reasons. This article tries to analyze the psychosocial risks that migrant people face in extreme situations focusing the analysis in Ulysses syndrome: The syndrome of migrant people with chronic and multiple stress. The results show the need of incorporating this analysis into the social and labor integration programs because the way we receive and protect migrant people will represent the difference between their integration and their maladjustment into the new society.

In Baltistica 46(1), Miguel Villanueva Svensson presents a defence of the so-called “traditional” view on the development of long vowels in Balto-Slavic, in opposition to the views of the “Leiden school” (see Frederik Kortlandt’s Long vowels in Balto-Slavic, Baltistica 21(2)). In Baltistica 47(2), Tijmen Pronk replies to Villanueva Svensson’s points.In this paper, the author would like to take some of the items discussed by Villanueva Svensson and Pronk and hold them against his own interpretation of the facts, which differs both from the Leiden and the “traditional” views.The following items are discussed:- Nom sg. of nouns ending in a resonant- Lithuanian -ė- Nouns with long root vowel: root nouns?- Nouns with long root vowel: vowel stems- Nouns with an acute diphthong- Pronominals- The Slavic (sigmatic) aorist- The Baltic ē-preterit- The Baltic future- Narten presents- ieškóti- Intensives /iteratives- je-presents

Communication is critical in achieving the integration of immigrants. We start from the assumption that higher level of communicative contact between immigrants and Spanish people communication, higher level of integration, and that this level of integration will be greater in the children than in the parents. To research this fact we created a survey that investigated the extent to which children of three immigrant groups (Chinese, Moroccans and Romanians) were integrated more to the culture of origin of their parents or Spanish. We used a sample of 900 participants, 150 parents and 150 children of every nationality. The results show how greater integration occurs in the Romanian group and lowest in Chinese, and how parents are less integrated than their children. Results are discussed.

At first there is done a theoretical review of the Psychology of the Organizations, analyzing it from the historical beginnings of the Psychology of the work, through different theories, up to coming to the concept of Organization. The statistics on accidents at work place Spain as one of the countries where there are more accidents in the area of the European Union. The article 40.2 of the Constitution assigns to the government, as one of the guiding principles of the social and economic policy, to ensure the health and safety at work. To the fulfilment of this mandate responds the Law of Prevention of Labour Risks 31/1995, November 8th. For this empirical study there try to be valued aspects related to the daily life of the subject and for what way this one sees harmed by the presence of the pathology in the social family and labour area, after such a serious event took place for the health, due to exposure of textile workers to the disease known as "Syndrome of Ardystil", which caused deaths and serious injuries. This work analyzes the above mentioned sequels among the former workers.

La Cueva de Nerja constituye uno de los principales yacimientos arqueológicos para el conocimiento del Paleolítico Superior en el sur de la Península Ibérica. Entre 1962 y 1963 se llevó a cabo una excavación sistemática sobre 14 metros cuadrados de la Sala del Vestíbulo, en la que se documentó una amplia secuencia con ocupaciones del Paleolítico Superior, Epipaleolitico y Neolítico. No obstante, los materiales recuperados en las citadas intervenciones permanecían por diversas circunstancias sin estudiar. En este trabajo abordamos la colección de mamíferos porvedentes de los tres niveles solutrenses, comprendidos cronológicamente entre c. 20-17.5 ka B.P., rango cronológico del cual apenas contamos con registros bien publicados en el contexto meridional peninsular.

Es habitual en la literatura filosófica traducir la akrasía aristotélica por “debilidad de la voluntad”. Esto plantea varias dificultades de peso, que van mucho más allá de un mero problema de traducción. En primer lugar, existe entre los estudiosos un consenso creciente en torno a la idea, sostenida, entre otros, por Hanna Arendt, de que no hay en la ética antigua ningún concepto que corresponda, más allá de las similitudes léxicas, a la voluntas agustiniana entendida como una potencia o facultad plenamente autónoma tanto frente a la razón como frente a los apetitos, libre de toda determinación que no sea su propia autodeterminación y única responsable, por tanto, de las acciones que ordena. En segundo lugar, la voluntas agustiniana suscita toda una serie de paradojas irresolubles, como, por ejemplo, la presunta infinitud de la voluntad, o su reducción última a mera arbitrariedad. Esto anula la función misma que se asigna a la voluntad, esto es, la de fundamentar y explicar la responsabilidad del Yo. Por consiguiente, parece mucho más razonable una concepción del alma humana que, en la línea de la ética griega antigua, se abstenga de introducir elementos suplementarios en la tradicional dicotomía entre razón y deseos, aun cuando la descripción detallada de sus mutuas interacciones pueda precisarse enormemente gracias a las modernas ciencias cognitivas.

En este trabajo el autor trata la figura de Digenis Akritas, guerrero bizantino del siglo X, famoso por su lucha contra los musulmanes y convertido en figura heroica y legendaria de un poema épico.

Sin resumen