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Vor dem Hintergrund des nunmehr auch im deutschsprachigen Raum gestiegenen politikwissenschaftlichen Interesses an Polarforschung identifiziert dieser Beitrag aus drei Perspektiven Forschungsstränge, von denen Impulse für einen intensivierten Austausch zwischen politik- und naturwissenschaftlicher Polarforschung ausgehen könnten: die Makroperspektive nimmt Dynamiken und Regulierung des Erdsystems in den Blick; die Mesoperspektive die Organisation von Beziehungen zwischen Wissenschaft und Politik in institutionellen Designs und Prozessen; die Mikroperspektive schließlich das Zusammenspiel verschiedener Akteure bei der Politikgestaltung und -implementation.

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Problem: Groin pain is common in soccer players but the prevalence has only been examined in uncontrolled studies.Methods: 479 male soccer players aged 25 years (17 - 43) (mean with range), 144 female soccer players aged 23 years (16 - 47), 74 men with no history of soccer training aged 26 years (16 - 42) and 94 women with no history of soccer training aged 23 years (range 15 - 43) answered a mailed questionnaire that included specific questions on groin pain and training history. Data are presented as proportions (%) or as mean with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI).Results: 55% male soccer players and 26% male controls had experienced groin pain, resulting in an odds ratio (OR) of 3.7 (95% CI 2.1, 6.6). The corresponding proportions were in female soccer players 28% and in female controls 13% giving an OR of 2.8 (95% CI 1.4, 5.8). When comparing the genders the higher proportion of males than females that had experienced groin pain resulted in an OR of 2.9 (95% CI 1.9, 4.5) for male versus female soccer players and an OR of 2.6 (95% CI 1.1, 5.3) for male versus female controls.Discussion: Playing soccer and being of the male gender are factors associated with a higher risk of experiencing groin pain.Key Words: controls, female, groin, male, soccer, pain, retrospective

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Includes the following reviews: pp. 177-180. Tom Lundskær-Nielsen. Ljungs, M. & Ohlander, S., Gleerups engelska grammatik. pp. 180-182. David Isitt. Oakland, J., British Civilization: An Introduction. + MacQueen, D., Americal Social Studies: A University Primer. + Lundén, R. & Srigley, M. (eds.), Ideas and Identities: British and American Culture. pp. 182-183. Jeremy Lane. Watson, G., British Literature since 1945. pp. 183-184. Alistair Davies. Katz, W. & Sternberg Katz, L. (eds.), The Columbia Granger's Guide to Poetry Anthologies. pp. 184-185. Bertil Nolin. Barker, H., Collected Plays, Vol I *Seven Lears; The Pursuit of Good; Golgo: Sermons on pain and privilege *Arguments for a Theatre. pp. 185-186. Alvar Ellegård. MacQueen, D.S., Using Numbers in English. pp. 187-189. Maria Holmgren Troy. Duff, A. & Maley, A., Literature. + McRae, J. & Pantaleoni, L., Chapter & Verse. pp. 189-190. Elleke Boehmer. Grandqvist, R. (ed.), Signs and Signals: Popular Culture in Africa. pp. 190-192. Gunnar Bergh. Bell, A., The Language of News Media. pp. 193-194. Patrick Burke. Jarringron, J.P. (ed.), Modern Irish Drama. p. 194. Göran Kjellmer. Crystal, S. (series editor), Penguin English Linguistics, Vols. 1-5- p. 195. Helena Bergmann. Bradbury, M. & Cooke, J. (eds.), New Writing. pp. 196-198. Birgit Stolt. von Polenz, P., Deutsche Sprachgeschichte vom Spätmittelalter bis zur Gegenwart. Bd. I. Einführung. Grundbegriffe. Deutsch in der frühbürgerlichen Zeit. pp. 198-200. Gustav Korlén. Paul, H., Deutschen Wörterbuch. 9. Aufl. pp. 201-203. Gunnar Magnusson. Linke, A., Nussbaumer, M. & Portmann, P.R., Studienbuch Linguistik. pp. 204-205. Folke Freund. Helbig, G., Deutsche Grammatik. Grundfragen und Abriß. pp. 205-208. Frank-Michael Kirsch. Malchow, H. & Winkels, H. (Hrsg.), Die Zeit danach. Neue deutsche Literatur. pp. 208-210. Christa Grimm. Frisch, C., "Geniestreich". "Lehrstück", "Revolutionsgestammel". Zur Rezeption des Dramas "Marat/Sade" in der Literaturwissenschaft und auf den Bühnen der Bundesrepublik Deutschland, der Deutschen Demokratischen Republik und Schwedens. pp. 210-212. Göran Bornäs. Blinkenberg, A. & Høybye, P., Dansk-fransk ordbog. pp. 212-217. Börje Schlyer. de Troyes, C., Le Chevalier de la Charrette (Lancelot) *Lancelot ou le Chevalier de la Charrette *Le Conte du Graal ou le Roman de Perceval *Lancelot du Lac. pp. 218-220. Ken Benson. Ciplijauskaité, B., La novela femenina contemporánea (1970-1985). Hacia una tipología de la narración en primera persona. pp. 220-222. Kan Benson. Marful Amor, I., Lorca y sus dobles. Interpretación psicoanalítica de la obra dramática y dibujística. p. 223. Redaktionsmeddelande/A Message from the Editors.

Includes the following reviews: pp. 80-81. Norman Vance. Wheeler, M., Death and the Future Life in Victorian Literature and Theology. + Horsman, A., The Victorian Novel. Oxford History of English Literature vol XIII. p. 82. Joe Trotta. Corbett, J., English for International Banking and Finance. pp. 83-84. Riana O'Dwyer. Vance, N., Irish Literature: A Social History. Tradition, Identity and Difference. pp. 84-85. Gösta Krantz. Ljung, M., A Study of TEFL Vocabulary. p. 85. Mats Mobärg. Tannen, D., You Just Don't Understand. Women and Men in Conversation. pp. 86-88. Gunnar Magnusson. Wandruszka, M., Die europäisch Sprachengemeinschaft. Deutsch-Französisch-English-Italienisch-Spanisch im Vergleich. + Wandruszka, M., "Wer fremde Sprachen nicht kennt..." Das Bild des Menschen in Europas Sprachen. pp. 88-90. Elzbieta Szweikowska-Olsson. Hansen, G., Textlinguistische Analyse von Gebrauchstexten (Handelshøjskolen i København, skriftraekke J, erhvervssproglige skrifter 20). pp. 91-93. Klaus Rossenbeck. Schreiter, G. & Stedje, A., Svensk-tysk ordlista över högskoletermer. pp. 94-95. Carola Wiemers. Müller, W., Dichter-Helden in der DDR-Literatur der siebziger Jahre. pp. 96-98. Rüdiger Bernhardt. Klasson, V., Bewußtheit, Emanzipation und Frauenproblematik in "Der geteilte Himmel" und drei weiteren Texten von Christa Wolf. pp. 98-100. Bo Andersson. Nusser, P., Trivialliteratur (Sammlung Meltzer, 262). pp. 100-102. Gustav Korlén. von Friesen, H., Det nya Tyskland. pp. 102-104. Magnus Röhl. Oreglia, G., Dante. Liv, verk & samtid. pp. 104-107. Gaëtan Cotard. Arrive, M., Gadet, F. & Galmiche, M., La grammarie d'aujourd'hui. Guide alphabétique de linguistique française. pp. 107-111. Ken Benson. Dolgin, S.L., La novela desmitificadora española. + Diaz Migoyo, G., La diferencia novelesca. lectura irónica de la ficción. + de Asis Garrote, M.D., Última hora de la novela en España.

Includes the following reviews: pp. 170-173. Olle Lindström. Wells, J.C., Longman Pronunciation Dictionary. pp. 174-175. John Bull. Banham, M., The Cambridge Guide to World Theatre. + Hodgson, T., The Batsford Dictionary of Drama. pp. 175-177. Beverly Collins & Inger M. Mees. Davidsen-Nielsen, N. & Ulseth, B., English Intonation. pp. 178-180. Michael Barnes. Kjellmer, G., Ordlista för språkvetare, Svensk-engelsk och engelsk-svensk. pp. 181-182. Alison E. Chapman. Honey, J., Does Accent Matter?-The Pygmalion Factor. pp. 182-183. Arne Olofsson. Larsson, B., At your service! Ordbok för turist- och resenäringen (Engelsk-svensk, svensk-engelsk). pp. 183-184. Linda Schenck. Bowen, D. & Bowen, M. (eds), Interpreting, Yesterday and Today, Tomorrow. p. 185. Joakim Nivre. Herslund, M. (ed.), Data and Linguistic Theory: Three Essays on Linguistic Methodology. pp. 185-188. Beatrice Warren. Dickson, P., What Do You Call A Person From...? pp. 188-189. Alistair Davies. Murray, D. (ed.), Literary Theory and Poetry: Extenting the Canon. pp. 189-192. Christine Räisänen. Technical Writing: A Survey of Some Textbooks. p. 192. Margareta Olsson. Miller, J., Mr. Teach. Metodbok för lärare. pp. 193-194. Gunnar Magnusson. Braun, P., Schaeder, B. & Volmert, J. (Hgg.), Internationalismen. pp. 195-196. Gustav Korlén. Stedje, A., Deutsche Sprache gestern und heute. + Wolff, G., Deutsche Sprachgeschichte. Ein Studienbuch. pp. 197-198. Jan Olsson. Rothstein, S., Der Traum von der Gemeinschaft. Kontinuität und Innovation in Ernst Tollers Dramen. pp. 198-200. Hartmut Böhme. Madsen, B., Auf der Suche nach einer Identität. Studien zu Hubert Fichtes Romantetralogie "Das Waisenhaus", "Die Palette", "Detlevs Imitationen 'Grünspan'", "Versuch über die Pubertät". pp. 200-202. Rüdiger Bernhardt. Hammarskjöld, G., Schuldlos schuldig sein. Zur Schuld und Freiheit in Hermann Kants Roman "Der Aufenthalt". pp. 202-205. Göran Bornäs. Lötmarker, R. & Mezieres, P., Parlons de la France. Aspects politiques, économiques et sociaux. + Berg-Compère, J., Pierre, Paul, Fatma et les autres... Les Français devant l'Europe. 207-208. Redaktionsmeddelande/A Message From the Editors.

Includes the following reviews: pp. 76-77. Elisabeth Ahlsén. Magnusson, E. & Nauclér, K. (eds.), Reading and Spelling Disabilities: Linguistic Etiology. pp. 77-80. Mats Mobärg. Lewin, E. & Lewin, A.E., The Thesaurus of Slang. pp. 81-82. Norman Vance. Bryans, R., Ulster: A Journey through the Six Counties. + McKittrick, D., Despatches from Belfast. pp. 82-83. Stephen Medcalf. Wetherbee, W., Geoffrey Chaucer, The Cantebury Tales. pp. 83-84. Jeremy Lane. Taylor, D.J., A Vain Conceit: British Fiction in the 1980s. pp. 84-86. Britt-Marie Kylander. Wahlman, B. (projektledare) m.fl., Franska ordboken. p. 87. Olof Eriksson. Livres nouveaux. pp. 87-88. Marie-Rose Blomgren. Merle, P., Dictionnaire du Français branché suivi du Guide du français tic et toc. pp. 89-91. Gunnar Magnusson. Krumm, H.-J. (Hrsg.), Handbuch Fremdsprachenunterricht. pp. 92-93. Gustav Korlén. Duden, Deutsches Universalwörterbuch. 2 Aufl. pp. 93-94. Evald Johansson. Freund, F. & Sunqvist, B., Tysk grammatik, övningsbok och Tysk grammatik, övningsbok, facit. pp. 95-97. Birgit Stolt. Graf von Krockow, C., Die Stunde der Frauen. Bericht aus Pommern 1944-47. + Gräfin von Maltzan, M., Schlage die Trommel und fürchte dich nicht. pp. 97-99. Michael Opitz. Janka, W., Schwierigkeiten mit der Wahrheit. pp. 99-101. Annelise Stawström. Köningsdorf, H., Lichtverhältnisse. pp. 101-103. Christiane Baumann. Bleisch, N., Kontrollverlust. p. 104. Helmut Müssener. Internat. Deutschlehrerverg (Hrsg.), Dem Frieden entgegen. Ein Lesebuch mit 100 Texten aus fünf Jahrhunderten. p. 104. Helmut Müssener. Peters, J. (Hrsg.), Zweimal Stockholm-Berlin 1946. Briefe nach der Rückkehr: Jürgen Peters und Wolfgang Steinitz. Mit Nachfragen an Robert Rompe und Jürgen Kuszynski.

In a way, the question of urban citizenship is easy. If a state were to give non-citizens citizenship rights with respect to local elections or urban affairs more generally, it would be fully within its powers to do so. As Rainer Bauböck and others have argued, there are many good reasons why a state might want to do so – and just as many reasons to protect the state’s authority to uphold the system of rights as a whole. That said, many issues remain. There is no consensus, and perhaps there never can be on the key terms at issue: state, nation, urban, and citizenship.