The aborted independence process of Catalonia in 2017 is considered here according to the relations that can be established between the notions of law and justice, which are claimed, each from its own point of view, by the Catalan independentists, the State and the Spanish nationalists. This reflection, which strives for a certain level of objectivity, aims to show how the blockage between self-excluding nationalisms leads to a simple relationship of force. After a general reflection, the question of the interpretations of the law, its gaps, and its contextualization elements are examined, before moving on to the case study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]