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The aim was to determine whether the quantitative ultrasound (QUS) parameter speed of sound (SOS) is sufficient for evaluation of reference data in the newborn and how they are influenced.219 full-term and 14 preterm infants (gestational age 28-41 weeks (GA), birth weight 590-4,930 g) were evaluated by Omnisense 7000 P on their tibia. Reference values were sampled in 178 eutrophic infants.SOS reference values at the tibia were 3028 m/s for GA40 and 3057 m/s for ≥ 40 weeks. There was a significant correlation between SOS and gestational age. SOS was significantly higher in male (3058.3±93.3 vs. 3022.8±93.4 m/s; p 0.012) infants. If birth weight was below 3,800 g, there was a correlation between SOS and weight (p0.05). Preterm infants showed lower SOS than term babies (p0.05).Speed of sound can be evaluated sufficiently in preterm and term infants on the tibia. The estimated reference data can be used to identify osteopenia in the preterm infant with low birth weight.ZIEL: Bestimmung des quantitativen Ultraschallparameters Schallgeschwindigkeit (Speed of Sound, SOS) bei Neugeborenen zur Erhebung von Referenzdaten und Untersuchung von Einflussfaktoren.219 Neu- und 14 Frühgeborene (28. – 41. Schwangerschaftswoche) mit Geburtsgewicht zwischen 590 und 4930 g wurden in den ersten Lebenstagen mit Sunlight Omnisense 7000 P untersucht. Referenzdaten für SOS wurden bei 178 eutrophen Neugeborenen an der Tibia erhoben.SOS-Referenzwerte an der Tibia liegen bei 3028±92 m/s40. SSW und 3057±96 m/s ≥ 40. SSW. Zwischen SOS und Gestationsalter besteht eine signifikante Korrelation, männliche Neugeborene weisen signifikant höhere SOS auf. Bei Geburtsgewicht3800 g besteht eine Korrelation zwischen SOS und Gewicht (p0,05). Frühgeborene haben signifikant niedrigere SOS als eutrophe Neugeborene (p0,05).Der Ultraschallparameter SOS kann bei Früh- und Neugeborenen suffizient an der Tibia ermittelt werden. Die erhobenen Referenzdaten von kaukasischen Neugeborenen sind geeignet, um eine Frühgeborenen-Osteopenie zu identifizieren.

Systematic recording of practical implementation of current recommendations of KRINKO for the prevention of nosocomial infections in premature and newborn infants in children's hospitals in Thuringia. All neonatal treatment centers in Thuringia (n=18) were included in this survey. Answer were received from 83% (15/18). Degree of compliance was 100% in level-1 (3/3) and level-2 centers (5/5), and 70% in level-3 centers (7/10). The aim of the questionnaire was to evaluate infection prevention measures as well as structural/organizational parameters in neonatal centers in Thuringia. Preventive measures as well as weekly screening for colonization was fully performed in patients with a birth weight1 500 g (n=205) at all centers. Additionally, prolonged screening and colonization surveillance measures were performed in 60% of all units until discharge from the hospital. Results related to structural/organizational parameters and especially structural conditions in neonatal centers in Thuringia pointed up challenges (2 m minimum distance between incubators in 27% (n=4/15), isolation in single room in 53% (n=8/15)). Insufficient number of staff also hamper the complete implementation of KRINKO recommendations (intensive care unit: patient/staff ratio (MW±SD) 2.5±1.1; newborn area 4.3±0.9). Analysis shows actual rate of implementation of KRINKO recommendations as well as structural/organizational parameters in neonatal treatment centers in Thuringia. It provides important points for discussion regarding necessary staff numbers and structural conditions. Analysis could also be used for future surveys in other regions in Germany.