Search

The rising significance of the far-right as political actors is one of the most noticeable political trends in Europe within the recent decades. It causes constant research activity aimed at the analysis of nature of public support of right-wing forces. However, the researchers, dealing with the issues of assessing the public support of the far-right in different European countries frequently have confront the problem of lack of relevant measurement tools, as well as efficient methodology for valid cross-country analysis. This stems not only from different “political background” and “political environment”, connected with political traditions and political practices, but also from the nature of public support of the far-right, having not only “overt”, but also “covert” component. Whereas “overt” component is on the surface and is good measurable (mainly by conventional tools such as polling), the “covert” one, encompassing the in-depth social sentiments, is hardly measurable. This pose real problem for assessing the genuine amount of public support far-right forces taking into account the fact, that “covert” component is to be crucial in achieving that goal. In October 2020 to tackle this problem by the international group of researchers there was initiated the research project, aiming at development of the specific research methodology on the combination of traditional and “digital” research methods such as comparative analysis, expert interviews and “social media listening” (SML) for analysing the xenophobic and anti-immigrant sentiments in three European societies – in Germany, Poland and Russia as a “covert” component. The accomplishment of the research project is expected to provide not only the insights into specifics of the public support of the far-right in different European countries by assessing the “covert” component, but also help to assess its genuine (gross) scale as well as to single out the factors influencing the public support of the far-right by putting emphasis on the ongoing political and social processes. The research project is expected to deliver the information for elaboration of the gauges (indicators) for valid cross-country analysis of the far-right politics in different countries allowing to overcome some research “weak points” – ranging from huge differences in political traditions to scarcity of relevant data. The aim of this article is to present and discuss the elaborated methodological approach.

Die russisch-chinesische Partnerschaft ist heute ein wichtiger Faktor in der Weltpolitik. Der externe Druck des Westens auf Russland hat kurzfristig als Katalysator eine politische und wirtschaftliche Annäherung zwischen beiden Staaten gewirkt. Die Vertiefung der bilateralen Beziehungen wird von beiden Ländern als vorrangiges außenpolitisches Ziel gesehen. Jedoch ist diese Partnerschaft widersprüchlich. Russland steht in den kommenden Jahren vor der Herausforderung, diese Partnerschaft hinsichtlich des Nutzens und auch der Gleichwertigkeit untereinander zu analysieren und sorgfältig Kooperationspläne für die Zukunft zu erstellen. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article draws attention to the cyclical nature of the fragmentation of the territories of the post-Soviet space. It is indicated that for the first time these processes occurred in the western part of the once united state and that these processes are unfinished and can be continued in new forms with new conditions for implementation. The stages of regeneration of a separated economic system aimed at creating a separate economic and social system capable of independent reproduction are described. Opportunities and conditions for the development of the innovative economy of a state with a special status, as well as the constraints that hinder the efficiency and effectiveness of innovative processes, are examined using a specific example. The types of manufacturing of products and services that are promising in the context of innovative development are highlighted and mechanisms for their implementation are proposed. The possibilities and directions of economic cooperation and specialization to ensure the innovative development of the state with a special category status are determined. Based on the methods of analysis and synthesis, a systematic approach, the conditions and consequences for the economy of the decision to create a new territorial entity are shown. Using the grouping method, the reasons that impede the formation of an innovative economy and the opportunities for innovative development that a state with a special status receives in the event of economic integration with a stronger economy are systematized. Particular attention is paid to the problems of retaining qualified personnel and creating an effective public administration system, including state regulation of the innovation economy. The stages of the formation of a new economic management system are examined; its shortcomings and high dependence on established processes and relationships are shown. The organizational processes that determine the innovative potential of the state in the new conditions of functioning are disclosed. В статье обращается внимание на цикличность в дроблении территорий постсоветского пространства. Указывается, что впервые данные процессы произошли в западной части некогда единого государства и что эти процессы незакончены и могут быть продолжены в новых формах с новыми условиями реализации. Раскрыты этапы регенерации отделившейся экономической системы, направленные на создание отдельной экономико-социальной системы, способной к самостоятельному воспроизводству. На конкретном примере рассмотрены возможности и условия развития инновационной экономики государства с особым статусом, а также ограничения, сдерживающие эффективность и результативность инновационных процессов. Выделены перспективные в контексте инновационного развития виды производства продукции и услуг, а также предложены механизмы по их реализации. Определены возможности и направления экономической кооперации и специализации для обеспечения инновационного развития государства с особым статусом. На основе методов анализа и синтеза, системного подхода показаны условия и последствия для экономики решения о создании нового территориального образования. С помощью метода группировок систематизированы причины, препятствующие формированию инновационной экономики, и возможности для инновационного развития, которые получает государство с особым статусом в случае экономической интеграции с более сильной экономикой. Особое внимание уделено проблемам сохранения квалифицированных кадров и создания эффективной системы государственного управления, в том числе государственного регулирования инновационной экономики. Рассмотрены стадии формирования новой системы управления экономикой, показаны ее недостатки и высокая зависимость от устоявшихся процессов и отношений. Раскрыты организационные процессы, определяющие инновационный потенциал государства в новых условиях функционирования.