Search

Das von Fritz SCHÜTZE im Rahmen der Narrationsanalyse eingeführte Textsortenkonzept spielt heute in verschiedenen Interviewverfahren im deutschsprachigen Raum eine wichtige Rolle, um eine bestimmte methodologisch präferierte Qualität von Äußerungen zu erzeugen und entsprechende Passagen im Zuge der Auswertung zu identifizieren. Der anhaltenden Popularität des Konzepts stehen jedoch drei grundlegende Problematiken der Bestimmung gegenüber: 1. die Vernachlässigung des interaktiven Charakters der Textsortenproduktion, 2. die begrenzte Aussagekraft formalsprachlicher Marker und 3. Unklarheiten bezüglich der Textsortentaxonomie. Diese Problematiken rühren daher, dass es seit SCHÜTZEs (und KALLMEYERs) maßgeblichen Arbeiten in den 1970er und 1980er Jahren innerhalb des deutschsprachigen Methodendiskurses kaum weiterführende systematische Arbeiten zu Textsorten und ihrer Bestimmung gegeben hat und einschlägige Beiträge aus der Gesprächslinguistik weithin ignoriert wurden. In diesem methodologisch orientierten Beitrag machen wir einen empirisch erprobten Vorschlag zur Adressierung dieser Probleme durch Rückgriff auf das in der Interviewforschung bislang nicht rezipierte gesprächsanalytische Beschreibungs- und Analyseverfahren "Globalität und Lokalität in der Organisation beidseitig-konstruierter Einheiten" (GLOBE). Mit dieser Weiterentwicklung der Methode wird die Textsortenbestimmung für eine Vielzahl von Forschungskontexten auch jenseits narrativer Erhebungsformate fruchtbar.

The governance of professional football is facing turbulent times. After three verdicts on 21 December 2023 (ESL, RAFC and ISU), the next case potentially sanctioning football governance is already well underway. In the pending Diarra case (C-650/22), the validity of the FIFA transfer system is at stake. Transfers are among the bread and butter of daily football practice. Any flaw in the transfer system will affect the whole industry. This blog post explores Diarra from a competition law perspective.

Copyright of Forum: Qualitative Social Research / Qualitative Sozialforschung is the property of Forum Qualitative Social Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Die Einrichtung von Archiven zur Archivierung und Nachnutzung qualitativer Forschungsdaten wurde vonseiten qualitativer Sozialforscher*innen mit intensiven Debatten um konzeptuelle und methodologische Fragen begleitet. Die konkrete Forschungspraxis blieb dabei jedoch meist ausgeklammert, obwohl sich Erfolg und Mehrwert der Datenarchivierung letztlich an der Praxis des Data Sharings und der Sekundärnutzung bemessen. Wir nehmen deshalb eigene praktische Erfahrungen mit der Sekundärnutzung archivierter Interviewdaten in einem methodologischen Forschungsprojekt zur qualitativen Interviewforschung zum Anlass, organisatorische, method(olog)ische und epistemologische Reflexionen zur Datenarchivierung anzustellen. Anhand verschiedener Prozesse der Beschaffung und Prüfung geeigneter Interviewtranskripte zeigen wir, wie sich die Herstellung des Data Fit in Sekundärforschungsprojekten innerhalb einer bedeutungsstiftenden kommunikativen Triade von Primärforschenden, Archivar*innen und Sekundärforschenden vollzogen hat.

High data quality is a precondition for valid scientific conclusions. Indicators should therefore routinely be used to evaluate data quality within the life cycle of health studies. In this project, 15 representatives of seven German population-based cohort studies assessed 51 quality indicators that were proposed in a guideline for networked medical research. The applicability of the indicators to primary data collections was assessed. In addition, their importance was evaluated using a scale ranging from 1 (essential) to 4 (not important). Moreover, their implementation in data quality assessments in the participating studies was evaluated. Comments on potential improvements could be made. Forty-three indicators were rated as applicable. Of these, 29 received a mean importance score of 2 (important) or better, nine received a mean importance score of 1.5 or better. The latter represent a potential core set of data quality indicators for cohort studies. Most indicators that were rated as highly important were used in data quality assessments of the participating studies. Points of criticism regarding the guideline related to its structure and the understandability of some indicators. It was concluded that further improvement of the data quality indicator set will increase its usefulness and applicability in primary data collections. In practice, a small subset of data quality indicators may suffice to capture the most important aspects of data quality in cohort studies.

The German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Children and Adolescents (KiGGS) is conducted within the health monitoring framework that has been established at the Robert Koch Institute (RKI). In addition to regular cross-sectional studies of the current health of children and adolescents living in Germany, KiGGS also includes a longitudinal component – the KiGGS cohort. The longitudinal data, which can be linked individually throughout the various waves of the study, enables developments in health and their associated influencing factors to be analysed during the life course. Participants from the KiGGS baseline study form the baseline of the KiGGS cohort. The baseline study was carried out between 2003 and 2006 as a nationwide interview and examination survey of children and adolescents aged between 0 and 17 years. The KiGGS cohort comprises the 17,641 participants who, after taking part in the baseline study, also agreed to participate in recurring follow-ups that are to continue through adolescence into adulthood. Until now, two follow-up studies have been conducted: KiGGS Wave 1 (2009-2012, n=11,992) and KiGGS Wave 2 (2014-2017), which, in line with the baseline study, was conducted as an interview and examination survey. A total of 10,853 repeat participants were interviewed for KiGGS Wave 2; 6,465 people also took part in an examination. As such, 61.3% of the people who originally participated in the baseline study also provided data from interviews for KiGGS Wave 2. In addition, 50.8% have provided various forms of data for all three of the survey’s waves. This data pool can help answer numerous questions from the epidemiological life course discipline regarding the population living in Germany; at the time of the baseline study, these participants were children and adolescents. In order to exploit the full potential of the study for life course research and to be able to trace the health and social development of different generations in the future, the concepts on which the study is based are to be further developed, and innovative strategies for participant retention are to be drawn up.

For the third time, wave 2 of the German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Children and Adolescents (KiGGS), which is conducted in the context of health monitoring at the Robert Koch Institute, now provides representative cross-sectional data for Germany. Completed in 2017, data for the cross-sectional component of KiGGS Wave 2 was collected in the form of an interview and examination survey. Interview survey data was collected from 15,023 participants, meaning that the required number of participants has been reached. A randomly selected subgroup of 3,567 participants was also examined. The overall response rate was 40.1%. Differences in response rates were registered regarding certain sociodemographic characteristics. Weighting was applied to compensate for differences in willingness to participate related to age, gender, geographic region, nationality and education factors. Weighting ensures that assessments of the health of children and adolescents in Germany are representative for the population. The data serves to estimate prevalence rates and, through comparison with the results from previous survey waves, to analyse trends. A set of measures were taken to recruit a sufficiently large group of participants and ensure that the net sample reflects the composition of the overall population to the highest degree. For future surveys, further measures ought to be taken in order to improve the integration of hard-to-reach subgroups.

The fieldwork of the second follow-up to the German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Children and Adolescents (KiGGS) was completed in August 2017. KiGGS is part of the Robert Koch Institute’s Federal Health Monitoring. The study consists of the KiGGS cross-sectional component (a nationally representative, periodic cross-sectional survey of children and adolescents aged between 0 and 17) and the KiGGS cohort (the follow-up into adulthood of participants who took part in the KiGGS baseline study). KiGGS collects data on health status, health-related behaviour, psychosocial risk and protective factors, health care and the living conditions of children and adolescents in Germany. The first interview and examination survey (the KiGGS baseline study; undertaken between 2003 and 2006; n=17,641; age range: 0-17) was carried out in a total of 167 sample points in Germany. Physical examinations, laboratory analyses of blood and urine samples and various physical tests were conducted with the participants and, in addition, all parents and participants aged 11 or above were interviewed. The first follow-up was conducted via telephone-based interviews (KiGGS Wave 1 2009-2012; n=11,992; age range: 6-24) and an additional sample was included (n=4,455; age range: 0-6). KiGGS Wave 2 (2014-2017) was conducted as an interview and examination survey and consisted of a new, nationwide, representative cross-sectional sample of 0- to 17-year-old children and adolescents in Germany, and the second KiGGS cohort follow-up. The completion of the cross-sectional component of KiGGS Wave 2 means that the health of children and adolescents in Germany can now be assessed using representative data gained from three study waves. Trends can therefore be analysed over a period stretching to over ten years now. As the data collected from participants of the KiGGS cohort can be individually linked across the various surveys, in-depth analyses can be conducted for a period ranging from childhood to young adulthood and developmental processes associated with physical and mental health and the associated risk and protective factors can be explored. As such, KiGGS Wave 2 expands the resources available to health reporting, as well as policy planning and research, with regard to assessing the health of children and adolescents in Germany.

Nutrition plays an important role for health, in particular of children and adolescents. In addition to the baseline German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Children and Adolescents (KiGGS, 2003-2006), the nutrition survey EsKiMo (Eating study as a KiGGS Module) assessed the dietary habits of children and adolescents aged 6 to 17 in detail. In KiGGS Wave 2 (2014-2017) the corresponding module is EsKiMo II. Between June 2015 and September 2017, specially trained nutritionists will visit EsKiMo II participants at their homes. The parents of 6-to 11-year-olds are instructed on how to complete food records on four randomly chosen days - three consecutive days, followed later by an additional day. Participants aged 12 to 17 are interviewed personally on their food intake during the past four weeks with the dietary interview programme DISHES. Further information, for example, regarding dietary supplements is also recorded. EsKiMo II will provide an up-to-date and representative overview of the current nutrition status of 6-to 17-year-olds living in Germany, and it allows analysing changes in dietary behaviour over time. EsKiMo II can identify shortcomings in the nutrition of children and adolescents and thus may contribute with important information to nutrition and health policy.

Das Fossilmaterial der Fundstelle Lehringen wurde revidiert. Die Fische, Reptilien und Vögel wurden erstmals bearbeitet. Auf Grund der Palynologie kann diese Lokalität stratigraphisch eindeutig dem Eem-Interglazial zugeordnet werden. Obwohl es sich um eine rein warmzeitliche Fauna handelt, treten auch Steppennashorn und Riesenhirsch auf. Weiterhin wird die Fundstelle im Rahmen der mitteleuropäischen Fauna des letzten Interglazials betrachtet.

Copyright of Zeitschrift für Qualitative Forschung (ZQF) is the property of Verlag Barbara Budrich GmbH and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

[english] Background: Besides theoretical knowledge, medical students have to acquire different skills during their medical education, which are essential especially for the physician’s routine practice. In July 2005 an interdisciplinary skills lab was set up at the Medical Faculty of the RWTH Aachen University. Financial and personnel resources for the structural and organizational development of the skills lab were obtained first from a faculty fund for innovative teaching concepts, and later from student fees. Methods: Elements of project management necessary for the skills lab were defined in advance: Development of a methodological concept, definition of content and selection of skills, provision of infrastructural necessities (rooms, media, staff), creation of a pilot course concept, definition of milestones, acquisition of powerful faculty partners for further support, implementation of courses within the ongoing curricula, and evaluation of individual courses and the entire concept. Results: The project management steps defined in advance were retrospectively proven necessary and important for the establishment of a minimum infrastructure in terms of spatial and human resources and for the implementation of the methodological concept. During the 2008 summer semester, a total of 709 students in 133 faculty courses and about 900 students in curricular courses used the skills lab. Conclusion: Three years on, the interdisciplinary skills lab offers a wide range of courses in which students can learn, train, and optimize their practical skills. The experiences gained in designing and organizing the program are essential for the further structural and methodological/didactic development of the skills lab.[german] Hintergrund: Neben theoretischem Wissen müssen Medizinstudierende Fertigkeiten unterschiedlichster Art erwerben, die nicht nur für die praktischen Ausbildungsteile im Studium, sondern in erster Linie für das tägliche ärztliche Handeln essentiell sind. Im Juli 2005 begann der Aufbau eines interdisziplinären Trainingszentrums an der medizinischen Fakultät der Rheinisch-Westfälischen Technischen Hochschule Aachen, genannt „AIXTRA“ (Aachener interdisziplinäres Trainingszentrum für medizinische Ausbildung). Sach- und Personalmittel zur strukturellen und methodischen Etablierung des sog. Skillslab wurden zunächst aus einem fakultätsinternen Förderprogramm für innovative Lehrkonzepte, im weiteren Verlauf zum überwiegenden Teil aus Studienbeiträgen zur Verfügung gestellt. Methodik: Im Vorfeld wurden die folgenden notwendigen Schritte eines Projektmanagements erarbeitet: Entwicklung eines methodischen Rahmenkonzeptes, Definition der inhaltlichen Ausrichtung und Auswahl der Fertigkeiten, Schaffung infrastruktureller Voraussetzungen (Räume, Unterrichtsmaterial, Personal), Konzeptionierung von „Pilot-Kursen“, Realisierung repräsentabler „Meilensteine“, Gewinnung weiterer potenter fakultätsinterner Partner für zukünftigen Ausbau, Implementierung Kursangebot in laufende Curricula, Evaluation der Einzel-Kurse und des Gesamtkonzeptes. Ergebnis: Die vorab festgelegten Teilschritte des Projektmanagements erwiesen sich als zielführend bei der Umsetzung des Projektes. Eine „Minimal“-Infrastruktur in Bezug auf räumliche und personelle Ressourcen wurde etabliert, das methodische Konzept umgesetzt. Im Sommersemester 2008 besuchten insgesamt 709 Teilnehmer in 133 fakultativen Kursen und ca. 900 Studierende in curricularen Veranstaltungen das Skillslab „AIXTRA“. Schlussfolgerung: Nach drei Jahren wird im interdisziplinären Trainingszentrum eine breite Palette von Kursen angeboten, in denen Studierende praktische Fertigkeiten erlernen, trainieren und optimieren können. Die bisher gewonnenen Erfahrungen in der Konzeptionierung und Organisation des Kursprogramms sind essentielle Grundlage für den weiteren strukturellen und methodisch-didaktischen Ausbau des Skillslab.

Copyright of Forum: Qualitative Social Research / Qualitative Sozialforschung is the property of Forum Qualitative Social Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

On 24 February 2022, Russia illegally invaded the territory of Ukraine. The international community was quick to condemn this military aggression and to issue sanctions. Missing in today’s sanctions strategy, however, is the inclusion of crypto-assets. This is worrying, as it is highly likely that crypto-assets are used to fund the Russian war machine without anyone really seeing it.

Copyright of Der Chirurg is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)