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Un’insegnante d’italiano va a confessare i suoi errori. Durante il colloquio con il prete si scoprirà che l’insegnante nel suo lavoro ha agito come se esistesse un’unica varietà d’italiano, quella della lingua parlata in Italia, pur insegnando in Ticino. Una volta pentitasi la donna sarà perdonata a patto di scontare una penitenza un po’ particolare.

L’intégration scolaire au niveau du cycle d’orientation (CO) représente de nombreux défis, tant pour les professionnel·le·s que pour les familles concerné·e·s. Cet article s’intéresse au parcours scolaire de 35 jeunes identifié·e·s comme ayant des besoins éducatifs particuliers scolarisé·e·s au CO dans 15 cantons suisses. Les parents de ces jeunes ont donné leur avis sur les mesures d’aide en contexte intégratif dont leurs enfants bénéficiaient. Une analyse qualitative de contenu a mis en évidence les facilitateurs et obstacles identifiés par les parents en lien avec ces mesures, ainsi que les effets perçus de ces mesures sur les apprentissages, l’intégration sociale et le bien-être de leurs enfants. Les résultats appellent à des formes de soutien plus flexibles et moins stigmatisantes.

Abstract Background Paratuberculosis is a contagious and incurable disease that is caused by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) with significant negative effects on animal welfare and farm profitability. Based on a large naturally infected flock over 12 years, we analyzed repeated enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay tests (ELISA), OvineSNP50 BeadChip genotypes and whole-genome sequences imputed from 56 influential animals. The main goals were to estimate the genetic parameters of proxy traits for resistance to MAP, identify genomic regions associated with the host’s immune response against MAP and search for candidate genes and causative mutations through association and functional annotation analyses of polymorphisms identified by sequencing. Results Two variables were derived from ELISA tests. The first, a binary variable, assessed the infection status of each animal over the entire productive life, while the second considered the level of antibody recorded over time. Very similar results were obtained for both variables. Heritability estimates of about 0.20 were found and a significant region capturing 18% and 13% of the genetic variance was detected on ovine chromosome 20 by linkage disequilibrium and linkage analysis on OvineSNP50 positions. Functional annotation and association analyses on the imputed sequence polymorphisms that were identified in this region were carried out. No significant variants showed a functional effect on the genes that mapped to this region, most of which belong to the major histocompatibility complex class II (MHC II). However, the conditional analysis led to the identification of two significant polymorphisms that can explain the genetic variance associated with the investigated genomic region. Conclusions Our results confirm the involvement of the host’s genetics in susceptibility to MAP in sheep and suggest that selective breeding may be an option to limit the infection. The estimated heritability is moderate with a relevant portion being due to a highly significant region on ovine chromosome 20. The results of the combined use of sequence-based data and functional analyses suggest several genes belonging to the MHC II as the most likely candidates, although no mutations in their coding regions showed a significant association. Nevertheless, information from genotypes of two highly significant polymorphisms in the region can enhance the efficiency of selective breeding programs.

El motivo urbano, y la ciudad de Madrid en particular, es el marco elegido por Teresa Valero para ambientar su álbum negro, Contrapaso. Los hijos de los otros. En este cómic, el lector sigue los pasos de los reporteros Emilio Sanz y Léon Lenoir, dos hombres que no tienen casi nada en común. El marco donde se sitúa la acción, el Madrid de la posguerra civil bajo el yugo de la dictadura franquista, desempeña un papel decisivo en este thriller, en cuya trama se entrecruzan varios feminicidios, abusos psiquiátricos, prácticas urbanísticas ilegales y el caso de los niños robados del franquismo. El objetivo de este estudio es analizar la importancia de la ambientación madrileña y su representación visual, pero también el modo en que la ciudad supera su condición decorativa, para dar ritmo a la trama gráfica de Contrapasos, por un lado, centrándose en los escenarios míticos de la capital española y, por otro, examinando el modo en que el entorno urbano madrileño se convierte en un nuevo personaje del cómic.

Due attività per coniugare gioco e produzione sia orale che scritta all'insegna dell'arte

Abstract: I quadri, le sculture e in generale le opere d’arte vivono del rapporto con gli esseri umani che le contemplano e le interrogano, riflettendo in esse la propria humanitas. Immaginando che le opere ricerchino l’approvazione di chi posa gli occhi su di loro, la storia racconta come i capolavori convivano con due aspetti peculiari della loro condizione: le lodi e le critiche di chi li guarda e li giudica.

Physical/sporting activities provide a child with opportunities to interact with others, validate and express him/herself, while also being critical factors in socialisation and the prevention of deviant behaviour. Therefore, in this study, we were interested in which physical/sporting activities are most strongly associated with the management of behaviour problems. Results from a representative sample of 1782 Slovenian primary school students show that a lack of physical/sporting activity is the strongest predictor of internalising behaviour problems. In this context, key roles are played by the frequency and intensity of activity, extracurricular sports activities, practising dance and limiting sedentary transportation to school.

“Words strain, / Crack and sometimes break, … will not stay in place, / Will not staystill” (Burnt Norton V). Using words and not being used by them is rare to Eliot’s thought tormented figures, from his drama Sweeney Agonistes to Four Quartets. The struggle with words is a constant trait of Eliot’s poetry, besides being common among modernists all over Europe. His drama’s broken syntax mirrors the clashing mixture of Aeschylean tragedy, Aristophanic comedy, and the popular culture of music-hall, cabaret, and jazz, which make up the play. As a result, the play brings forth a modernistic defamiliarizing, and metatheatrical effect, by breaking up the linear rapport between action and word, actor and gesture, sign and signified. Poetic drama or unfinished poem, Sweeney Agonistes has been recently revalued (Chinitz, Buttram, Daniel, Cuda), but in its daring avant-garde experimentalism (de Villiers), still eludes interpretations, mainly because of the far from clear reason why Eliot neither finished it nor included it in his theatrical production. If, however, we place the play in the context of various dramatic theories and plays of the time, we may read its incongruities, and disjunctions between words and things, as a one of the modernistic traits that were widely discussed at the time, among others, by Walter Benjamin in The Origin of the German Trauerspiel. Benjamin’s new way of looking at allegory, stressing its self-referential import, may help us find one more key to the revolutionary direction Eliot had envisaged in his non-dramatic tragedy. As Eliot himself said of Seneca: “the drama is all in the word and the word has no further reality behind it”. Although a link between Eliot’s conservative modernism and Benjamin’s messianism would seem unlikely, recent studies have highlighted some of their common ground (Neilson, Lehman). In order to account for the play’s disjunctions and metatheatrical language, I will dwell on Eliot’s notion of the dissociation of sensibility (1920–1927) comparing it to Benjamin’s allegorical perception, or “the falling apart of modern man”.

Abstract Background Gastroinestinal nematodes (GIN) are one of the major health problem in grazing sheep. Although genetic variability of the resistance to GIN has been documented, traditional selection is hampered by the difficulty of recording phenotypes, usually fecal egg count (FEC). To identify causative mutations or markers in linkage disequilibrium (LD) to be used for selection, the detection of quantitative trait loci (QTL) for FEC based on linkage disequilibrium-linkage analysis (LDLA) was performed on 4097 ewes (from 181 sires) all genotyped with the OvineSNP50 Beadchip. Identified QTL regions (QTLR) were imputed from whole-genome sequences of 56 target animals of the population. An association analysis and a functional annotation of imputed polymorphisms in the identified QTLR were performed to pinpoint functional variants with potential impact on candidate genes identified from ontological classification or differentially expressed in previous studies. Results After clustering close significant locations, ten QTLR were defined on nine Ovis aries chromosomes (OAR) by LDLA. The ratio between the ANOVA estimators of the QTL variance and the total phenotypic variance ranged from 0.0087 to 0.0176. QTL on OAR4, 12, 19, and 20 were the most significant. The combination of association analysis and functional annotation of sequence data did not highlight any putative causative mutations. None of the most significant SNPs showed a functional effect on genes’ transcript. However, in the most significant QTLR, we identified genes that contained polymorphisms with a high or moderate impact, were differentially expressed in previous studies, contributed to enrich the most represented GO process (regulation of immune system process, defense response). Among these, the most likely candidate genes were: TNFRSF1B and SELE on OAR12, IL5RA on OAR19, IL17A, IL17F, TRIM26, TRIM38, TNFRSF21, LOC101118999, VEGFA, and TNF on OAR20. Conclusions This study performed on a large experimental population provides a list of candidate genes and polymorphisms which could be used in further validation studies. The expected advancements in the quality of the annotation of the ovine genome and the use of experimental designs based on sequence data and phenotypes from multiple breeds that show different LD extents and gametic phases may help to identify causative mutations.

Per prepararsi adeguatamente al cinquantesimo anniversario dell’introduzione del diritto di voto e di eleggibilità delle donne, il 7 febbraio 2021, la nipote di due donne ammesse alle urne nel 1971 passa al vaglio il suo modo di esprimersi e di pensare per verificare se la parità di genere, mezzo secolo più tardi, è presente anche nella lingua che parliamo tutti i giorni.

Media Monitoring Africa (hereafter MMA), is a Johannesburg-based non-governmental organization (NGO) with the goals to increase me dia quality, refocus media ethics, foster media diversity, and advance media democracy. Via an institutional ethnography, conducted during six weeks of fieldwork, I take up MMA’s particular case to investigate how the NGO has become under- stood as “part” of the South African mediascape, rather than an auxiliary agent. Through partici- pant observation of the NGO’s daily routines, in -depth interviews with MMA members and local media professionals, as well as textual analysis of organizational documents, I found that MMA has managed to weave into the organizational fabric of the South African mediascape. The ethnograph- ic data reveals that MMA is commonly perceived as a necessary element of the South African medi- ascape—a status that moves beyond the often strict ly interventionist role of activist NGOs. I argue that MMA has achieved this unique social position in the mediascape through four central organi- zational-activist practices: 1. consistent interventi on on the same sets of issues; 2. activist innova- tion around the mode of their intervention(s); 3. multilateral activism (political economy, media policy, media content); and 4. successful curation of relationships with media stakeholders.

The phenomenon of migration characterizes the contemporary world, giving rise to deep socio-economic and cultural changes. The music scene has been describing this situation for a long time, both denouncing publicly activities that harm human rights and supporting first-hand solidarity projects and initiatives through its influential and charismatic impact on millions of young people. Music videos – a hybrid kind of art between business and experimentation – take the form not only of a space for music visualization, but also for conveying a personal, political and social message. Those music videos that we analyse here address the issue of migration, showing how it is being dealt with and articulated from time to time in representations that range from the real experiences of the artists themselves – raised among different cultures – to other more metaphorical and symbolic experiences through the use of diverse expressive forms, such as documentary, abstract, animated and archival images.

In questo articolo è descritto l’uso intenzionale di più strumenti (orchestrazione strumentale) quali un pantografo, un software di geometria dinamica e una lavagna interattiva multimediale (LIM), per introdurre studenti di seconda media all’idea di simmetria assiale come corrispondenza biunivoca tra punti del piano, superando quella più ingenua di trasformazione di figure. Si è fatto riferimento alla teoria della mediazione semiotica (Bartolini Bussi & Mariotti, 2009) e alla struttura didattica in essa proposta: attività con artefatto a piccolo gruppo, attività individuale e discussione collettiva. Inoltre ci si è riferiti all’approccio strumentale (Rabardel, 1995) basato sulla distinzione fra artefatto e strumento. La LIM è stata utilizzata come spazio d’azione (Didoni & Di Palma, 2009) per rendere visibili all’intera classe azioni individuali.

Question and answer portals allow users to post and answer questions on a number of subjects, among which languages, and constitute a perfect embodiment of the tenets of social media. Although these have been the subject of a rather vast literature in the field of Second Language Acquisition, Question and Answer (Q&A) portals have so far been scarcely considered by these studies. This paper aims to contribute to fill this gap and lay groundwork in this area by working out a taxonomy of questions, in order to find out which language-related topics are dealt with in such venues. The authors collected a data set of 800 questions from the Languages section of the Italian version of the Yahoo! Answer portal and defined a taxonomy of question types and categories. The study highlights that the majority of such questions concern linguistic support, thus confirming that Q&A portals can be a source of informal language learning and deserve the attention of research in this field.

Recent developments in German television programming represent Adolf Hitler and his Nazi regime through comedic entertainment. While these programs do not poke fun at the Holocaust itself, they are utilizing the image of Hitler for parodistic purposes. Similar to existing foreign media depicting Hitler as a foolish ruler with farcical mannerisms, newer programs such as the comedy show Switch Reloaded and the movie Hotel Lux show a clumsy and gullible Hitler. This essay argues that these recent representations of Hitler are contributing to the ongoing cultural conversation of the Holocaust, while also encouraging new ways in how Germans can culturally cope with their recent past. Drawing on parody and cultural trauma research, this essay offers evidence from German national media reviews and newspaper articles.

Drawing on a corpus-based approach, this paper explores the mitigation strategies used to soften criticism in English and Italian book review articles in the disciplinary field of linguistics. Most corpus-based analyses on academic criticism have focused on the use and function of politeness strategies in English academic review genres, mainly book reviews. Recently, an increasing number of studies on academic book reviews have examined the issue from a cross-cultural perspective. This study attempts to contribute to the area of cross-cultural research on reviewing practices by exploring how criticisms are managed in a somewhat neglected review genre in academic discourse studies – the book review article. Criticisms will be identified on the basis of their lexico-grammatical features and further categorized into “direct” and “mitigated” (Itakura & Tsui 2011, 1369). The mitigation strategies identified in both language corpora mainly involve the use of sequences of speech acts such as praise-criticism, criticism-praise, criticism-suggestion, praise-suggestion, and hedging. However, their distributions reveal differences in the two languages. While praise is prominently used in both English and Italian book review articles, Italian-speaking linguistics reviewers employ a lower proportion of hedges than their English-speaking colleagues and are more likely to opt for suggestions as a form of indirect criticism. The results demonstrate that linguistics reviewers writing in English and Italian deploy a considerable range of linguistic devices when expressing mitigated criticism of peers. Their use and distribution are discussed in relation to national/cultural writing conventions, but also differences between “large” and “small” disciplinary cultures (Holliday 1999). Some implications for EAP learners and practitioners are also considered.

Nel basso medioevo, una delle modalità di sostegno a ospedali e confraternite era la raccolta organizzata di elemosine (questua), sempre più frequentemente legata alla concessione delle indulgenze. Il fedele acquisiva con la confessione il perdono dai peccati e con atti di devozione e carità (regolamentati da precise concessioni pontificie o vescovili) la riduzione della pena che avrebbe dovuto subire nell’aldilà (nel Purgatorio). Sebbene gli studi in ambito caritativo-assistenziale siano ancora abbastanza scarsi, non è fuor di luogo ipotizzare che proprio in tale contesto le indulgenze ebbero particolare fortuna. Le pagine che seguono intendono fornire elementi di riflessione per l’area lombarda, individuando anzitutto le pratiche attraverso le quali ospedali e confraternite potevano garantirsi i privilegi indulgenziali. Si è cercato poi, laddove le fonti lo consentivano, di quantificare, in termini di bilancio, i costi che l’ente doveva sostenere per la gestione di una campagna di indulgenze e i benefici economici che ne derivavano. Se relativamente ad alcuni ordini ospedalieri l’impatto economico delle questue pare essere rilevante, per altri casi esso appare marginale. È questo il caso dell’Ospedale Maggiore di Milano, che però, nonostante il ridotto impatto economico, riservò un ruolo importante alla “festa del Perdono”, a motivo del valore simbolico e comunicativo del proprio impegno a favore dei poveri che, nel contesto della carità e dell’assistenza, era altrettanto rilevante dell’aiuto materiale.

Pound’s economics is largely based on his poetic notion of “usura” surfacing for the first time in the war sections of Hugh Selwyn Mauberley and based on C. H. Douglas’s unorthodox underconsumptionist theory of Social Credit. Since Pound is not an economist but a poet, in order to understand the way in which economics permeates his poetry and essays one should bear in mind that Pound’s utopian crusade against financiers is closely tied to his avant-garde efforts to create a new poetic language. In this essay I will briefly survey four stages decisively shaping his early economic ‘education’: first, his London experiences in the radical magazine The New Age with its strong Ruskinian allegiances; secondly, his own American agrarian background which consciously or unconsciously and in various hues, stayed with him his whole life; thirdly, his editing Eliot’s The Waste Land along with the idea of art as handicraft; finally I will examine one of the Hell Cantos where the financiers’ corrupting economics merges with the corruption of language.

Intervento sulle Scuole di specializzazione per l'insegnamento secondario e la didattica della storia, che si collega agli scritti degli altri contributi di questa sezione.

La documentazione dell’Ospedale Maggiore (che fu il punto d’arrivo del lungo processo di riforma ospedaliera del XV secolo) ha un’importanza centrale per l’approfondimento delle attività caritativo-assistenziali che vengono poste in essere nella Milano del secondo Quattrocento. Il Capitolo direttivo dell’ente divenne centro decisionale/amministrativo, luogo di progettazione e di controllo di una complessa attività, svolta da numerose istituzioni (molte delle quali rappresentate in vario modo in quell’organismo collegiale). Sette registri dell’Archivio dell’Ospedale Maggiore di Milano conservano per gli anni 1456-98 più di 3000 verbali delle sedute capitolari. Dalle deliberazioni dei deputati del Capitolo emergono oltre ai problemi connessi alla gestione dell'assistenza, molteplici aspetti della vita economica, sociale e politica del ducato di Milano alla fine del Quattrocento (ad esempio, le politiche e le strategie del ceto dirigente milanese e della dinastia sforzesca). Il saggio ne presenta i regesti, corredandoli con una mappa delle possessioni, delle cassine e dei mulini dell’Ospedale Maggiore.