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3. State Programs to Counter the Corona Crisis — an Option for Climate Protection?

Author

Erik Gawel and Paul Lehmann

Subjects
Economic theory. Demography, HB1-3840, Social history and conditions. Social problems. Social reform, HN1-995
Abstract

Abstract Public measures to combat the coronavirus pandemic have led to a severe economic crisis. In order to cope with this crisis, many expect strong state intervention. Governments across the world have pledged billions of euros for extensive recovery programs. But how ‘green’ should these recovery programs be? This article evaluates Germany’s initial policy proposals and decisions.

Published
2020
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28. Zur regionalen Differenzierung von Wassernutzungsabgaben

Author

Erik Gawel and Stefan Möckel

Subjects
Effluent charge, Water extraction charge, Water Framework Directive, Regional differentiation, Combined approach, Water body, Cities. Urban geography, GF125, Urbanization. City and country, HT361-384
Abstract

Regulatory water use charges aim at restructuring water uses according to scarcity of regional water services. Hence, a spatial differentiation of the charge design appears to be an appropriate means of water pricing policy. Similarly, the European Water Framework Directive with its requirement of regional water resources management and its focus on river basins and water bodies could demand or indicate regional differentiations. However, in Germany two water use charges exist mainly unrelated to regional scarcity patterns: a nationwide effluent charge and different water extraction charges in 11 German States. Moreover, in 2006 the federal government has obtained the competence to implement a nationwide charge on water withdrawal without any regional differentiations. Against this background, the paper analyses the scope and limitations of regionally differentiated water use charges in Germany. First, the Water Framework Directive is examined as to whether the so-called combined approach of both emissions and immissions requirements makes a regional approach for charges mandatory. Second, the paper investigates the main conceptual elements and options of a regionalisation and their ecological, economic, legal and political aspects. The authors conclude that regionally differentiated water use charges are feasible as well as justifiable. However, with particular respect to the environmental objectives of protection of coastal water and marine ecosystems an effluent charge should still provide nationwide incentives according to the emissions principle. For water extraction charges the authors recommend a nationwide regulation framework yet completed by legal options for regional differentiations on e.g. water body level.

Published
2011
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29. Regulierungsbedarf in der Abfallwirtschaft?

Author

Die Autoren unseres Zeitgesprächs: Prof. Dr. Erik Gawel, 41, ist Professor für Volkswirtschaftslehre an der Fachhochschule Frankfurt am Main, Privat-Dozent an der Universität Augsburg und öffentlich bestellter und vereidigter Sachverständiger für kommunale Gebührenfragen., Hans-Günter Fischer, 46, Dipl.-Volkswirt, ist Hauptgeschäftsführer des bvse-Bundesverband Sekundärrohstoffe und Entsorgung e.V., Franz Heistermann, 55, Dipl.-Kaufmann, ist Vorsitzender und Martina Müller, 42, Dipl.-Ökonomin, ist Beisitzerin der 10. Beschlußabteilung des Bundeskartellamtes in Bonn. Der Beitrag stellt die persönliche Meinung der Autoren dar., Dr. Henning Tegner, 38, ist Geschäftsführer des Beratungsunternehmens PSPC, Berlin und derzeit als Gutachter des Verbraucherzentrale Bundesverbandes (vzbv) tätig., and Dr. Gerd Landsberg, 52, ist Geschäftsführendes Präsidialmitglied des Deutschen Städte- und Gemeindebundes in Berlin.

Published
2005
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