Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate number and kind of neurological patients in comparison with other patients on a medical ICU., Methods: Over a period of one year, all neurological intensive care patients on a medical ICU were evaluated according to age, sex, diagnosis, mortality, diagnostic methods, ventilation and referral to other hospitals and general wards., Results: Comparable to a specialist neurological ICU a wide spectrum of neurological diseases could be observed on an interdisciplinary ICU. In comparison to other patient groups, patients with neurological disease had a higher rate of ventilation, a longer hospital stay and a higher mortality., Conclusion: Our data also demonstrate the relevant amount of neurological patients (19 % measured by bed assignment) in comparison to all patients, and the specific neurological procedures were applicable on a medical/interdisciplinary ICU. A higher interest for neurological patient on a medical ICU would therefore be essential.