Search

Globalization, demographic change and digitization can be considered the three great narratives of our time. They have been used with enormous media resonance since around the turn of the millennium to justify the alleged need to abandon Bismarck’s social security state and to promote the liberalization of the financial market, the deregulation of the labor market and the privatization of services of general interest. Due to the upcoming retirement of several baby boomers, the question of future population development (number of inhabitants, ethnic and age structure) is currently gaining in importance. The article outlines the demographic discourse in the media and analyzes how it influences the relationship between the generations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Perspektiven der Wirtschaftspolitik is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Partner relationships are no static entities: they form, they are consolidated, and they have to survive crises – all under changing historical circumstances. This introduction aims to develop new perspectives on couple relationships as dynamic life constellations in East and West Germany after 1945. It examines the normative settings and changes in love conventions to analyze how the ideal and everyday lives of singles and unmarried and married couples evolved. The article historicizes the contemporary diagnosis of a fundamental "structural break" in the 1970s under the sign of "value change" and an individualization, pluralization, and liberalization of society, which resonates strongly in contemporary historical research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sürdürülebilir bir ekonomik büyümenin gerçekleştirilmesi gerek gelişmiş ve gerekse de gelişmekte olan ülkelerin temel hedefidir. Bu hedefin gerçekleştirilebilmesinde finansal sistem önemli bir rol üstlenmektedir. Finansal gelişme, finansal sistemin büyüklüğü ve finansal yapıdaki değişim olarak tanımlanmakta ve tasarrufları artırarak yatırımlara dönüşebilmesini sağlamaktadır. Finansal gelişmişliğin incelenmesinde kısa ve uzun dönemli süreçte finansal yapıda meydana gelen değişiklikler ön plana çıkmakta ve finansal yapıyı oluşturan bileşenlerden finansal araçlar, finansal kurumlar ve bunların çeşitliliğindeki artış önem kazanmaktadır.Finansal gelişme ile büyüme ilişkisinin yönünün belirlenmesi, ekonomik büyümeyi artırmada gerekli olan yaklaşımların ortaya çıkmasına katkıda bulunmaktadır. Literatürde iki değişken arasındaki nedensellik ilişkisine yönelik iki yaklaşımın olduğu görülmektedir. Bunlardan ilki, reel ekonomi geliştikçe yeni finansal hizmetlere olan talebin artacağını savunurken; diğer yaklaşım ise finansal sektörün gelişmesinin ekonomik büyümeyi teşvik edeceğini savunmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı ekonomik açıdan benzer olduğu düşünülen ve Türkiye, Tayland, Polonya, Romanya, Meksika, Malezya, Endonezya, Şili, Brezilya, Arjantin’den oluşan on gelişmekte olan ekonomi için 2010-2018 dönemleri arasında finansal gelişme ile ekonomik büyüme ilişkisinin incelenmesidir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda Tahmin Edilebilir En Küçük Kareler (Feasible Generalized Least Square- FGLS) yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Bu çalışmada finansal gelişmeyi temsilen; bankaların özel sektöre verdiği yurt içi krediler, özel sektör tarafından kullanılan yurt içi krediler, geniş para arzı, Tüketici fiyatları enflasyonu, devletin nihai tüketim harcamaları, gayri safi sabit sermaye oluşumu değişkenleri kullanılmıştır. Ekonomik büyümeyi temsilen Kişi Başına Gayri Safi Yurt İçi Hasıladaki yıllık yüzde büyüme değişkeni kullanılmıştır. Analiz sonucunda bağımsız değişkenlerden devletin nihai tüketim harcamaları dışındaki değişkenlerin anlamlı olduğu; geniş para arzının, özel sektörün kullandığı yurt içi kredilerin, enflasyon değişkeninin bağımlı değişkeni negatif yönde etkilediği tespit edilmiştir. Bankalar tarafından özel sektöre verilen yurt içi krediler, devletin nihai tüketim harcamaları ve gayri safi sabit sermaye oluşumu değişkenlerinin ekonomik büyümeye pozitif yönde etkisinin olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.

Copyright of Wirtschafts- und Sozialwissenschaftliches Institut Mitteilungen is the property of Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article focuses on report from the Austrian legation in Poland and a letter from Austrian jurist Stephan Verosta to Austrian ambassador to France to Leopold Figl in Warsaw, Poland on June 19, 1958. It mentions Hungarian catastrophe of coexistence liberalization tendencies could be determined in the East, completely devalued becomes. It also mentions CPSU Party Congress has declared the Stalinist Thesis of the crises in capitalism is not correct and learned a lot in terms of foreign policy.

The article presents a letter from Austrian diplomat Walther Peinsipp to Austrian ambassador to France to Leopold Figl, Former Chancellor of Austria on January 29, 1957. It mentions order and calm and consolidating the regime that is coming soon the phase of reforms and liberalization will follow. It also mentions strong opposition in the country Kadar did not enable the state security police to be eliminated as radically as this happened in Poland.

The article focuses on reception of music publications of the Warsaw Autumn in Bulgaria and central reception behavior of music criticism in the young socialist People's Republic of Bulgaria. It mentions exchange of musical practices and as an impetus for a critical reception of contemporary Music trends, their pattern and development in Bulgarian Music literature. It also mentions comprehensive liberalization and internationalization processes in the political, economic and cultural significant period. It also mentions Bulgarian musical life the most important international festival for contemporary music received music.

The article reports that European Parliament and of the Council of on the harmonization of certain aspects of copyright and related rights in the information society is to be interpreted for public sector. Topics include segments of a media file containing a protected work downloaded by a user of a peer-to-peer network; and line to correspond to the liberalization tendencies with legal certainty on federal government .

Having a well functioning system in terms of financial markets is an important indicator of the development of a country's economy. Designing a financial system that is resistant to financial crises and ensuring financial stability are indispensable policies of all countries' economies. However, it is very unlikely to be able to provide this both on a country basis and globally. The purpose of this study is to discuss the major financial crises and the effectiveness of the financial regulations applied after 1990. The effectiveness of financial regulations has a direct impact on the performance of the financial system, given the very frequent financial crises. The financial system is very important for the real economy. As a result of these implementations aimed at ensuring financial stability and competition, the level of success in preventing financial crises has been insufficient and has not been properly managed. As a result of the study, it became clear that financial regulations could be used as a kind of stabilizer during the financial crises. Financial regulations should be effectively used to stabilize excessive price fluctuations in the financial markets, thus preventing financial crises before they occur, or to minimize impacts after they have emerged

The article offers information on the democracy immanent in constitutional arrangements and legitimation of the constitutional jurisdiction. It further discusses constitutional courts, among the most influential institutions of modern democracies; large increase in constitutional courts since the end of the Second World War; fundamental liberalization of German society; and the analysis of individual decisions, lines of jurisdiction and contradictions within judicial dogmatics.

2008 yılında ABD’de başlayan ve tüm ekonomileri etkisi altına alan küresel finansal kriz, finansal gelişme ve ekonomik büyüme arasındaki ilişkinin yeniden gündeme gelmesini sağlamıştır. Bu çalışmada, Türkiye ekonomisinde finansal gelişme ile ekonomik büyüme ilişkisi, 2003Q1-2015Q4 dönemine ait veriler ile Hacker ve Hatemi-J nedensellik testi kullanılarak incelenmiştir. Analiz sonuçlarına göre, çalışmada kullanılan finansal gelişme göstergeleri ve ekonomik büyüme göstergesi arasında kriz öncesi dönemde nedensellik ilişkisi bulunamazken, kriz sonrası dönemde ilgili değişkenler arasında nedensellik ilişkisi tespit edilmiştir.

An introduction is presented in which the editor discusses articles in the issue on topics including history of liberalization, role of women in 1968 and history of gender conflict.

Financial liberalization process and its implications on financial emerging markets have been multidisciplinary research since 1970. Reform of financial liberalization is a complex and long phenomena. This implies that the impact of this reform on financial markets should not be immediate, but rather gradually during a long time period. It is also important to note that liberalization does not occur in the same way on all financial markets. Each country, according to his specification regarding the economic climate and the specificity of financial markets, has differently set its progress of liberalization process. It is generally accepted that the process of financial liberalization is not composed of a single event, but a series of events. The idea is that market reform is a gradual process where the data identified above only refers to the most significant events. Regarding the effect of liberalization reform on emerging markets has been shown; on the one hand, that liberalization helps to reduce the cost of capital, helps to integrate the emerging markets in the global market, enhances economic growth and allows emerging markets to become more mature. On the other hand, financial liberalization process has a very ambiguous and inconclusive impact on informational efficiency and volatility in emerging markets. Launching liberalization reforms provided an analytical framework for studies that attempt to investigate the effectiveness of emerging markets and empirical links between liberalization and efficiency. The first reason is that with liberalization, the authors believe that emerging markets have become more speculative and more competitive. So there is a chance to see if the weak form market efficiency is verified. The second reason is that the authors explore the relationship between liberalization and efficiency. Researchers and regulators seek an answer to the fundamental question: financial liberalization helps the stock market become more efficient? Financial liberalization is not a riskless process.

Financial crises have some common features even if they come into being in different areas and countries with different income level. Especially due to the financial liberalization and entegration of world economies, they affect many countries with a domino effect. Internationalization of capital stregthens particularly financial markets in developed countries and leads to speculative opportunities and possibilities of very high profit rates. Ambition for higher profit, from time to time, gives rise to fictitious structures, eliminating rational market behaviors. Problems of higher indebtedness and current account deficit in large economies such as the US lead to speculative bubles supported by financial derivatives, making nonproductive short term portfolio investments profitable. Before crisis, it is observed that this type of financial structures become common and real estate prices rise. And following crisis it is observed that public finance discipline deteriorate.

The rise of liberalization and individualization in the society of the 1960s deeply and permanently weakened denominational identity, at least for the following generations. Catholics of the 1968 generation who experienced these changes during their adolescence used the newly gained opportunities within church and society to make decisions for themselves and claim autonomy. They transformed their identity, which had been shaped by institutional Catholicism, while at the same time often maintaining their religious attachment to the Church. It was only the children born around 1970 to that previous generation, and who were as a whole socialized within the Catholic milieu, that individuated themselves by relinquishing their religious attachment to the Church or becoming completely indifferent to religion. As a result, a Catholic religious type eventually emerged which, in terms of structure and awareness, was analogous to that of cultural Protestantism. This paper argues that the Catholic milieu, a milieu that still showed a degree of cohesion during the 1960s, gradually dissolved within the dynamics of generational relations - that is, within the interaction of society, milieu, and family, as well as of the adolescent peer group. The paper is based theoretically on a developed version of Mannheim's generational approach, which links the individual level with the socio-historical situation. I therefore view the dissolution of the Catholic milieu as a change in the dynamics of generational relations, and present the transformation of the Catholic milieu's attachment to the Church from a micro-perspective - namely, through case studies involving the 1968 generation and their children. All in all, the paper argues that, with the dissolution of the milieu of Catholicism, dogmatic faith decreases significantly, but that this is not necessarily accompanied by dissolution of the Christian faith. There may have been a discontinuation of religious socialization since the 1970s and 1980s, but at the same time the authoritarian style of raising children that had been prevalent up until then has also changed with the stronger recognition of children as people in their own right. As a result, the overall generative quality of the relationship of socialization has improved, which has a positive impact both on the capacity to form attachments and on people's orientation towards the common good. I argue that if young people have gained a certain basic trust in life within their primary socialization, and if they have had the experience of growing up protected, then related to this is the (unspoken) requirement to use these resources. Young people respond with a willingness to give and dedicate themselves unconditionally and to commit themselves (at least) temporarily. By helping others, they find an answer to the question of the "meaning of existence," an answer that is also, in practical terms, embedded in a wider "us," and that also therefore transcends the acting individual. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a report from a November 17, 2014 conference in Vienna, Austria on the influence of social movements and revolutions of 1989 hosted by the Polish and German embassies in Vienna and the Institut für Osteuropäische Geschichte Eastern European History Department at the Universität Wien university. Topics of presentations delivered included the history of freedom on Eastern and Central Europe, social consequences of liberalization of European trade policies, and problems with solidarity.

The article offers information on a collaborative project on normative paradoxes. Topics discussed include empirical studies on paradoxes, process of liberalization, homozenization of marketization, paradoxes of moral reforms, typology of philosophical aesthetics, paradoxes of equality of law and equality in parent-child relationships.

The democratization policy of the AKP government in Turkey is marked by the ambivalence of a limited internal liberalization and the simultaneous preservation of an authoritarian tradition and leadership. A significant cause for this ambivalence rests in the instrumental and not value-based democratic approach which is characteristic for the mode of AKP governance. Democracy is tolerated only if it complies with the authoritarian conception of statehood and governance as well as a conservative religion while contributing to the consolidation and enlargement of power. Increasing demands from Turkish society for more democracy and participation - which culminated in the Gezi Park protests in Istanbul in Summer 2013 - require an adjustment to the "Zeitgeist" and a development towards a value-based conception of democracy. This adaption process further includes the final farewell to traditionally authoritarian contents and structures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Zeitschrift für Öffentliche und Gemeinwirtschaftliche Unternehmen (ZÖgU) / Journal for Public & Nonprofit Services is the property of Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Neue Soziale Bewegungen is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

After the 4th World Women's Conference in Beijing, the global neoliberal regime has become a new focus of transnational women's organisations and feminist activities. This article maps out the multiple sites and levels of struggles against liberalisation and free trade agreements. It analyses »obalisation« the correspondence between the local, regional and international resistance against the transnational regime of corporations, the new forms of agency and new types of feminist networks and alliances across local boundaries and national borders. At the same time demands for equal rights and »engendering macroeconomics« have been quickly appropriated by the neoliberal institutions and integrated into their agenda of restructuring. Therefore, from a post-colonial and intersectionalist perspective, the feminist master frame of the 1990s, the women's human rights-paradigm, is questioned, and the concept of global sisterhood has been replaced by new transnational solidarities and affinities against social and gender injustice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the tax side of liberalized social policy and its impact for marital and familial relations. Different models of marriage partner taxation are examined in light of the "commodification" of women, which in turn reveal certain contradictions. The 1996 tax reform shows favoritism toward single-earner marriages, as does U.S. regulation, which calls into question female integration into economic employment.