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The development of sheep stocks has been declining in Germany for years. The reason for this seems to be the tense economic situation in sheep farming. To verify this thesis as well as analyzing essential factors on the economy, data from all in Germany active advisory initiatives of the years 2013 to 2019 were brought together and, as far as possible, placed on a comparable basis. As part of a follow-up project, regular surveys on economic efficiency in sheep farming are to be continued and evaluated centrally by uniform data masks by the advisory initiatives. The present investigation refers to the profitability results of > 700 farm surveys on full-time holdings with > 450.000 ewes in 8 federal states. The results show that for a total income of € 280 €/ewe + year, about 60% comes from public grants. In spite of this high proportion of funding, no positive calculatory operating result will be achieved in German sheep farming. In practice, this is compensated by a low reward of own work of about 6 €/hour. Increased public grants, lamb prices and/or productivity figures are required for a working time reward of > 15 €/hour, corresponding to agricultural level. In this context the relatively high lamb prices in the year 2021 are a welcome development. Due to large differences between holdings, regions and years, the results show partly large variations. For improving the economic situation in sheep farming, optimization options must also be exhausted in the shepherds, e.g. on the use of consulting services. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of ifo Schnelldienst is the property of ifo Institute for Economic Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of ifo Schnelldienst is the property of ifo Institute for Economic Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of ifo Schnelldienst is the property of ifo Institute for Economic Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of ifo Schnelldienst is the property of ifo Institute for Economic Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Den Ergebnissen des ifo Investitionstests Handel zufolge hat die Investitionsfreudigkeit im Einzelhandel sowie im Kraftfahrzeughandel im Vergleich zum Vorjahr etwas abgenommen. Per saldo beabsichtigen die Unternehmen, ihre Ausgaben für Ausrüstungen und Bauten im Jahr 2013 zu senken. Lediglich bei den umsatzstarken Firmen überwiegen die expansiven Investitionspläne weiterhin, wohingegen sich die kleineren Handelsbetriebe spürbar zurückhalten wollen. Darüber hinaus wurden die Umfrageteilnehmer auch nach der voraussichtlichen Entwicklung ihrer Umsätze sowie des Personalstandes im laufenden Jahr befragt. Vor dem Hintergrund der nicht mehr ganz so günstig bewerteten Geschäftslage im Einzelhandel, fallen die Umsatzerwartungen der Unternehmen dieser Handelsstufe eher skeptisch aus. Zudem richteten sie ihre Personalpläne zunehmend auf eine Verkleinerung des Mitarbeiterstamms aus. Die Kfz-Händler sind in Anbetracht einer schlechten Nachfragesituation bereits seit einem Jahr merklich unzufrieden mit ihrem Geschäftsverlauf und rechnen dementsprechend für 2013 mit sinkenden Umsätzen. Die Beschäftigtenzahl soll verringert werden. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of ifo Schnelldienst is the property of ifo Institute for Economic Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of ifo Schnelldienst is the property of ifo Institute for Economic Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of ifo Schnelldienst is the property of ifo Institute for Economic Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of ifo Schnelldienst is the property of ifo Institute for Economic Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article presents a report from the "Bulletin der Internationalen Vereinigung für soziale Sicherheit (IVSS)" on non-cash and cash benefits in health insurance. Based on a research survey, the article compares the benefit costs among several nations. The questionnaire's contents are summarized.

The article reports the German Federal Bureau of Statistics' results of an income survey carried out in August 1963 among employees in business and industry. The survey showed the average gross pay for men at 919 DM and for women at 553 DM per month. Income statistics are also presented for merchants, technicians, and other workforce segments.

The article reviews the welfare states of Sweden and Labor party England and their reconciliation of socialism and democracy. Specifically discussed is Sweden's national business institute founded in 1932 by the finance ministry for independent reportage of economic survey information and development of a long term economic program. A similar institute for Germany is proposed.

The article discusses a proposed study commission to conduct a national survey in West Germany to collect information, specifically social statistics relevant to setting social policy. Previous such statistical data gathering efforts such as the Economic Survey of 1933 are described. The difficulty of making sense of income and social security data is remarked on.