Search

A horse with head trauma induced by falling can have a traumatic brain injury or a fracture of the ossea part of the external ear canal. The aim of this study is to find the complications of a head trauma. The aim of the second study is to verify the deafness as a cause of behavioral disorder in horses. A three-year-old Hannoverian gelding fell down and injured the left lateral region of his head. After getting up the gelding had a bloody discharge out of the left ear. The neurological exam had shown slowly ear movements, painful left ear basis and left head tilt. The endoscopy of the guttural pouches was normal. The CT image detected a transversal fractur of the left osseus part of the external ear canal. Thirteen weeks after falling down the otoscopy of the cartilaginous and osseus part including the tympanic membrane of the right ear were normal (grading I/III). The protrusion caused by the fracture in the osseus part of the left ear prevented the view to the tympanic membrane. The epithelium of the osseus part was severe reddened and swollen which are signs of an acute external otitis. The threshold of normal hearing level of the right ear was 30 dB. The brainstem auditory evoked response (BAER) of the right ear showed prolonged latencies of wave III (2.95 ms, normal 2.86) and V (5.80 ms, normal 4.62) and interpeak latencies I-III (1.65 ms, normal 1.33) and I-V (4.50 ms, normal 1.76) which were showing a mild sensorineurale hearing deficit based on traumatic brain injury. This traumatic brain injury could induce an axonal damage of the brainstem auditory pathway. The threshold of normal hearing level of the left ear was 80 dB. BAER of left ear had no identifiable peaks and therefore no measurable latencies and interpeak latencies. These findings concluded to the diagnosis of sever conductive hearing deficit based on the protrusion in the left osseus part in this gelding with head trauma. The behavioral disorders of American Paint Horses were observed by the owners and these horses were refered to the equine medical clinic. The otoscopical findings of all horses were normal in the cartilaginous and osseus part (grading I/III). Achromodermia was found in all cartilaginous parts of the external ear canals. Only one horse had keratin scales around the entrance of the osseus part in both ears. All tympanic membranes were intact and transparent. The thresholds of normal hearing level on both ears of all horses were 100 dB. Absent peaks of the BAER and isoelectric lines were seen which characterize the sensorineurale deafness in all American Paint Horses. The sensorineural deafness was the reason of the behavioral disorder described by the owners. Horses with head trauma suffer from a traumatic brain injury. These horses could have a hearing deficit based on either due to a fracture of the osseus part of the external ear canal or an acute external otitis or both. Endoscopy of the guttural pouches, external ear canals and BAER should be done. Hearing deficit or deafness induce behavioral disorders which should know the owner. Horses with white head and blue eyes could have the genetical deafness. Deafness will be diagnosed with BAER. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Assessment of unrideability (“Unrittigkeit”) is mostly subjective, so that a grading scheme was developed in the present study, which records and evaluates well defined signs individually, to allow a more objective graduation of rideability of horses. The purpose of the present study was to apply this grading by different clinicians. For this prospective study, 30 Warmblood horses of which 15 were presented due to rideability issues were repeatedly presented under the rider and assessed by different clinicians. To ensure that the clinical examination was as objective as possible, it was performed blinded on three consecutive days by three experienced clinicians at two different times under controlled conditions. The clinical examination included a complete orthopaedic examination and the evaluation of the horse on the hand and under the rider. The presence of lameness led to exclusion from the study. All horses were ridden by their standard rider according to a standardized protocol and evaluated blinded by the three clinicians. The degree of severity of the signs was allocated to scores. For example, “tail swishing” and “restless ears” were rated with 1 point, “head position high” or “twisting the head and neck” with 8 points and “rearing” was rated with 10 points. Their score resulted in the degree of „Unrittigkeit”. The sum of the individual points appeared in 5 degrees of „Unrittigkeit“ for the horses. Grade 1 represented a very low and grade 5 a very high level of „Unrittigkeit“. The number of these behavioural responses shown by a horse was also relevant and the sum of all signs was considered. A cut-off value was defined as 2 points, so a horse with at least 2 points was considered as „unrittig“. In the following days, the horses were presented under the saddle by a reference rider according to a standardized protocol and evaluated again blinded by the three clinicians. If the horses showed signs of “Unrittigkeit” under the familiar rider and under the reference rider, another performance under the reference rider was evaluated blinded by the three clinicians. In summary at least 2 examinations by the 3 clinicians under two different riders were available for the evaluation. In none of the horses did the clinicians diverge in their individual assessment. There was excellent agreement (ĸ=1.0) for allocation of the horses to the two groups. For the majority of signs at least a moderate agreement was shown. Some signs (“teeth grinding”, “reduced flexion and bending” and “nose-line in front of the vertical not possible”) showed an excellent interobserver agreement (ĸ=0.82–1.0). The current study shows that with the presented grading scheme a straightforward differentiation between a “rideable” and an “unrideable” horse is feasible in practice. In particular, the degree of impaired performance under the saddle can be reproducibly determined during the veterinary examination of a ridden horse. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of HNO is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The present work examines the minimization of insertion forces of cochlear implant electrode carriers. Digital and physical models of the cochlea are created to measure the insertion forces. Factors such as the geometry of the cochlea models, insertion speed, and coating of the electrode carrier are investigated. The importance of insertion speed is also emphasized, and various studies on this topic are mentioned. Various coatings, both pharmacological and mechanically motivated, were examined. It is emphasized that studies on human preparations have limited significance and that investigations on artificial models can provide a better basis for comprehensive analyses. The present text passage describes the influence of insertion speed on insertion forces during cochlear implantation. Various laboratory samples were used, which were inserted at different speeds. It is found that an alginate coating on the electrode carrier significantly reduces insertion forces. The study provides experimental data that support the clinical requirement for slow insertions. The present text summary deals with the modeling and simulation of conical test bodies for compliant actuators in the electrode carrier. Various equations and formulas are used to analyze and verify scalability. A finite element simulation is also performed to numerically confirm scalability. The present text passage describes the results of investigations into the insertion depth of test bodies into cochlea models. It is found that individual adjustment of the test bodies can be achieved by varying the pressure. The importance of studies on cochlear morphology is highlighted. The present work examines various factors influencing insertion forces during the implantation of cochlear implant electrode carriers (CI-ET). The present study investigates various applications of balloon catheters for the dilation of vessels and tissues. Various studies are cited that deal with the dilation of vessels, heart valves, the Eustachian tube, coronary arteries, and vertebral bodies. The authors describe the pressure values used for dilation in the respective applications. The study provides important information on the application of balloon catheters in medical therapy. [Extracted from the article]

Approximately 25% of all ischemic insults are caused by cardiac emboli in atrial fibrillation. Therefore, in patients with atrial fibrillation, oral anticoagulation is initiated or transesophageal echocardiography is performed before electroconversion to exclude blood clots in the heart. This shows that virtually all cardiac thrombi (>90%) are localized in the atrial ear. Therefore, for many decades surgeons have been removing the atrial tube during open heart surgery to eliminate it as a source of emboli. As a minimally invasive alternative, various screens for percutaneous closure of the atrial ear have been developed in the past 10–20 years. The requirements, techniques, and results will be discussed in the following article. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Sprachkunst: Beiträge zur Literaturwissenschaft is the property of Oesterreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften Verlag and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Technisches Messen is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Craniomandibular Function is the property of Quintessence Publishing Company Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of HNO is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In this overview the clinical pictures of ear, nose and throat diseases and their symptoms, which occur frequently but also particularly during pregnancy, are presented. In addition, the respective therapy options in this partially vulnerable phase of mother and child are discussed. The primary principle is 'as much as necessary, but as little as possible'. Even if the complaints often disappear with the birth of the child, there may be considerable suffering of the pregnant woman and therapy may be necessary. Moreover, an adequate therapy should be applied with all ENT diseases, even for those not specifically associated with pregnancy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Nachrichten aus der Chemie is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: Upper third defects of the ear are too large to be closed primarily without distorting the auricle. Full thickness defects can be reconstructed with local flaps. In this article, Davis flap was used to fill the upper third defects of the ear with some modifications. Patients and methods: Eight patients underwent reconstruction of full thickness auricular defects with Davis flaps from July 2012 to December 2014. The posterior surface of the flap and the raw area of conchal area were covered by full thickness graft taken from posterior surface of ear.Results: All flaps survived. No congestion was noted. The donor sites and skin grafts healed uneventfully. Conclusion: Davis flap is a simple and reproducible tool for reconstruction of upper third of ear.

Background: Otosclerosis is an osteodystrophy of the otic capsule and presents with progressive conductive hearing loss. Imaging studies, especially computed tomography (CT) and cone-beam CT, have gained increased relevance in the diagnosis of otosclerosis., Objective: This study investigated whether there is a correlation between the extent of otosclerosis in high-resolution or cone-beam CT and hearing loss in pure-tone audiometry., Materials and Methods: Based on an existing classification of otosclerotic foci, a classification was established. Preoperative CT scans of patients undergoing stapedotomy between 2015 and 2019 were evaluated and classified by two independent otorhinolaryngologists. The preoperative pure-tone audiograms were analysed and compared to the results of CT., Results: A total of 168 CT studies (i.e., 168 ears) in 156 patients with intraoperatively confirmed otosclerosis were included in our study. A correlation between the extent of the otosclerotic focus or the calculated scores and hearing loss in pure-tone audiometry (air conduction, bone conduction and air-bone-gap) could not be proven., Conclusion: Preoperative CT is not obligatory. However, preoperative imaging using CT or cone-beam CT can be helpful to confirm the diagnosis and exclude other middle or inner ear pathologies as well as in planning of the surgical procedure in the overall context of otoscopy and audiometry. A correlation with the degree of hearing impairment could not be demonstrated and remains unclear., (© 2022. The Author(s).)

Copyright of HNO is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Deutsche Zeitschrift für Akupunktur is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Deutsche Zeitschrift für Akupunktur is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of HNO is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective:  Surgical treatment with bone conduction hearing implants and epitheses for ear malformations offer the right combination of hearing rehabilitation and cosmetic reconstruction. The surgical procedure is often performed in two-stage surgical steps. This project aimed to gain experience with a procedure in which the hearing implant and the epithesis anchors are inserted simultaneously., Material and Methods:  Four ears of three patients (n f  = 1, n m  = 2) with severe ear malformations (type III, according to Weerda) received a Bonebridge and an epithesis anchor with three base posts in one operation each. Previously, the indication for the use of a bone conduction implant using the active middle ear implant (aMEI) score, according to Frenzel (2013), had been established., Results:  All patients scored 4 points each in the aMEI-score, indicating an unfavorable prognosis for successful implantation of an active middle ear implant. The treatment with a Bonebridge and an epithesis anchor was performed without complications. Postoperatively, the initial audiological fitting and the application of the magnetic abutment were performed after 4 weeks. Audiometry showed a functional gain of up to 30 dB and an improved speech comprehension. The epithesis was shaped like the contralateral ear. After treatment, patients were satisfied with the audiological and cosmetic results., Conclusions:  The simultaneous surgical procedure with a bone conduction hearing implant and epithesis anchor is a good option for the treatment of ear malformations. The aMEI-score was a helpful instrument for the indication. The procedure reduced the surgical risk and the time and effort required for treatment., Competing Interests: Wir erklären, dass wir von keinem Unternehmen Unterstützung für die eingereichte Arbeit erhalten haben und keine finanziellen Interessen haben, die für die eingereichten Arbeiten relevant sein könnten., (Thieme. All rights reserved.)

Copyright of HNO is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of HNO is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of HNO is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Deutsche Zeitschrift für Akupunktur is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Deutsche Zeitschrift für Akupunktur is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Langenbecks Archiv fuer Chirurgie is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)