Search

Lediglich 62.2 % der Jugendlichen in der Schweiz erreichten gemäss der «Überprüfung der Grundkompetenzen» (ÜGK) am Ende der obligatorischen Schulzeit die Mindeststandards in Mathematik. Dieser Beitrag fragt nach unterrichtlichen Gelingensbedingungen des Erreichens der Grundkompetenzen. Anhand der Daten der ÜGK 2016 wurde untersucht, inwieweit die Qualität des Mathematikunterrichts aus Schülersicht mit dem Erreichen der Grundkompetenzen zusammenhängt. Logistische Regressionen ergaben, dass ein störungsarmer, von hoher Instruktionsklarheit und Autonomieunterstützung geprägter Unterricht mit einer erhöhten Wahrscheinlichkeit, die mathematischen Grundkompetenzen zu erreichen, einhergeht. Dabei wurden unter Berücksichtigung des besuchten Schultyps differentielle Effekte herausgearbeitet.

ÜGK-Haupterhebung 2016, SGBF Online-Kongress ""Wissenstransfer zwischen Forschung, Praxisund Ausbildung"", HEP-BEJUNE (online)

Lediglich 62.2 % der Jugendlichen in der Schweiz erreichten gemäss der «Überprüfung der Grundkompetenzen» (ÜGK) am Ende der obligatorischen Schulzeit die Mindeststandards in Mathematik. Dieser Beitrag fragt nach unterrichtlichen Gelingensbedingungen des Erreichens der Grundkompetenzen. Anhand der Daten der ÜGK 2016 wurde untersucht, inwieweit die Qualität des Mathematikunterrichts aus Schülersicht mit dem Erreichen der Grundkompetenzen zusammenhängt. Logistische Regressionen ergaben, dass ein störungsarmer, von hoher Instruktionsklarheit und Autonomieunterstützung geprägter Unterricht mit einer erhöhten Wahrscheinlichkeit, die mathematischen Grundkompetenzen zu erreichen, einhergeht. Dabei wurden unter Berücksichtigung des besuchten Schultyps differentielle Effekte herausgearbeitet., The «Verification of the Attainment of Basic Competencies» showed that only 62.2 % of youth in Switzerland meet the minimum standards in mathematics at the end of compulsory schooling. This article examines successful conditions in teaching. Based on the data from the Verification 2016 it examines to what extent the mathematics teaching quality from the student›s point of view relates to the achievement of basic competencies. Logistic regressions showed that low level classroom disturbances accompanied by high level instruction clarity and autonomy support is related to an increased probability of attaining basic mathematical competencies. Taking into account the attended school type, differential effect were observed., Selon la «Vérification de l’atteinte des compétences fondamentales» (COFO), seuls 62.2 % des jeunes en Suisse ont atteint les normes minimales en mathématiques à la fin de la scolarité obligatoire. Cet article examine les conditions dans lesquelles les compétences de base ont été acquises avec succès en classe. Sur la base des données de COFO 2016, l’article examine la mesure dans laquelle la qualité de l’enseignement des mathématiques est liée à l’acquisition des compétences fondamentales du point de vue des élèves. Les régressions logistiques ont montré qu’un enseignement peu perturbé, caractérisé par une grande clarté d’enseignement et un soutien à l’autonomie, est associé à une probabilité accrue d’acquérir des compétences fondamentales en mathématiques. Les effets différentiels ont été calculés en tenant compte du type d’école fréquentée., Secondo la “Verifica del raggiungimento delle competenze fondamentali” (VeCoF), solo il 62.2% dei giovani in Svizzera raggiunge gli standard minimi in matematica alla fine della scuola dell’obbligo. Questo articolo esamina le condizioni di successo dell’insegnamento per il raggiungimento delle competenze fondamentali. Basandosi sui dati VeCoF 2016, questo contributo indaga in che misura la qualità dell’insegnamento, valutato considerando il punto di vista degli allievi, si associ al raggiungimento delle competenze fondamentali in matematica. Le regressioni logistiche hanno dimostrato che un insegnamento con un basso livello di interferenze in classe, caratterizzato da un alto grado di chiarezza e di supporto all’autonomia percepiti, è associato ad una maggiore probabilità di raggiungere le competenze fondamentali in matematica. All’interno dello studio sono stati inoltre calcolati gli effetti differenziali per tipo di scuola frequentata.

Konsortium ÜGK (Hrsg.). (2019). Überprüfung der Grundkompetenzen. Nationaler Bericht der ÜGK 2016: Mathematik 11. Schuljahr. Bern und Genf: EDK und SRED, S. 41-46

Konsortium ÜGK (Hrsg.). (2019). Überprüfung der Grundkompetenzen. Nationaler Bericht der ÜGK 2016: Mathematik 11. Schuljahr. Bern und Genf: EDK und SRED, S. 47-72

Konsortium ÜGK (Hrsg.). (2019). Überprüfung der Grundkompetenzen. Nationaler Bericht der ÜGK 2017: Sprachen 8. Schuljahr. Bern und Genf: EDK und SRED, S. 87-93

Beitrag präsentiert anlässlich der Informationsveranstaltung vom 29. April 2019, Bern

This study aims to explore the association between self-reported secondary traumatization and personal growth in a sample of Belarusians rescue workers, focusing on the mediating role of 2 socio-interpersonal processes (disclosure and co-rumination). In a cross-sectional survey, self-reported posttraumatic growth and secondary traumatization were assessed in a sample of 168 rescue workers. Posttraumatic growth was positively linked to the extent of secondary traumatization, likewise disclosure and co-rumination were positively linked to posttraumatic growth. Mediation analyses revealed that the association between secondary traumatization and posttraumatic personal growth was mediated by disclosure and co-rumination. The results thus are in favor of a socio-interpersonal perspective on posttraumatic adjustment.

To evaluate the reliability of ultrasonographic (US) elastography of the supraspinatus (SSP) muscle, define normal shear-wave velocity (SWV) values, and correlate findings with tendon integrity and muscle quality.The study was approved by the local ethics committee, and written informed consent was obtained from all patients. SSP SWV (in meters per second) was prospectively assessed twice in 22 asymptomatic volunteers (mean age ± standard deviation, 53.8 years ± 15.3; 11 women and 11 men) by two independent examiners by using shear-wave elastography. Forty-four patients (mean age, 51.9 years ± 15.0; 22 women and 22 men) were prospectively included. SWV findings were compared with tendon integrity, tendon retraction (Patte classification), fatty muscle infiltration (Goutallier stages 0-IV), and muscle volume atrophy (tangent sign) on magnetic resonance (MR) images. Descriptive statistics, Spearman correlation, analysis of variance, two-sample t test, and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) were used.Test-retest reliability for mean total SWV (MTSWV) was good for examiner 1 (ICC = 0.70; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.30, 0.87; P = .003) and excellent for examiner 2 (ICC = 0.80; 95% CI: 0.53, 0.92; P.001). Interexaminer reliability was excellent (ICC = 0.89; 95% CI: 0.64, 0.96; P.001). MTSWV in volunteers (3.0 m/sec ± 0.5) was significantly higher than that in patients (2.5 m/sec ± 0.5; P = .001). For tendon integrity, no significant difference in MTSWV was found. For tendon retraction, MTSWV varies significantly between patients with different degrees of retraction (P = .047). No significant differences were found for Goutallier subgroups. MTSWV was significantly lower with a positive tangent sign (P = .015; n = 10).Shear-wave elastography is reproducible for assessment of the SSP muscle. Mean normal SSP SWV is 3.0 m/sec ± 0.5. SWV decreases with increasing fat content (Goutallier stage 0-III) and increases in the final stage of fatty infiltration (Goutallier stage IV).

Maladaptive reactions on stressful experiences justifying a diagnosis of adjustment disorder have high prevalence. Little is known about the possible risk for clinically significant maladaptation that results from the social context. The literature on the effects of depression on communication and altered support conditions in couples is suggesting this. Aim of this study was to investigate whether clinically significant depression in the romantic partner is a risk factor for adjustment disorder following a concept of stress-response disorder. Furthermore, from a dimensional point of view a possible positive association between depressive symptoms in the partner and own adjustment symptom was studied. Thereby, own depressive symptoms were controlled for in order to exclude mere depressive contagion and isolate stress-related responses. In an online-couple-study N=294 participants (N=147 couples) reported whether or not they had experienced a stressful event that is still bothering them. N=152 participants reported such an event. N=28 of this group reached the threshold of a possible diagnosis with the screening questionnaire "Adjustment disorder New Module". N=14 romantic partners reported depressive symptoms above the cut-off of the CES-D. The risk for an adjustment disorder is elevated if the female partner reports a clinically significant level of depressive symptoms (OR 7.13). This was only true when female partners were depressed, the depression of male partners did not show any significant associations. Accordingly, dimensionally there is a positive association between depressive symptoms of the female partner and adjustment symptoms of preoccupation (stressor-related repetitive negative thoughts). Depression of the romantic partner seems to be a significant risk factor for maladaptive reactions on a stressful event. This was particularly true for male participants of the study. To sum up, results encourage taking up an interpersonal perspective in research and clinical interventions.

Marion, die Namensgeberin fur den Film, wird bald sterben und ihr Mann Arthur wird sie uberleben. Es ist ein Film uber ein alteres Paar, das grundverschieden ist (Marion singt mit Leidenschaft in einem Laienchor mit; Arthur ist ein inaktiver Griesgram) und das mit dem drohenden Tod unterschiedlich umgeht. Der Zuschauer erlebt die Kraft der Gemeinschaft, wenn es um den Chor geht, und die Kraft des Singens, wenn sowohl Marion als auch am Filmende Arthur Sololieder singen und einen Gefuhlssturm bei ihren Zuhorern und uns Filmzuschauern auslosen. Der Film ist das prominenteste Beispiel des bekannten Genres der britischen Sozialdramen, das sich mit dem Thema Alter auseinandersetzt. Die Psychologie der (antizipierten) Trauer, des Emotionsausdrucks, der Partnerschaft und des gemeinschaftlichen Singens werden besprochen.

Fragestellung/Zielsetzung: Seit den 1990er-Jahren wurde in Deutschland die Akademisierung der Pflege- und Gesundheitsberufe, vorrangig im Management und der Berufspädagogik, umgesetzt [ref:1]. In den letzten Jahren wurden Studiengänge zur direkten Patientenversorgung eingefordert[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL], Jahrestagung der Gesellschaft für Medizinische Ausbildung (GMA)

Ministerium für Äusseres, Bildung und Kultur (Hrsg.). (2016). Schulleistungerhebungen in Liechtenstein 2000-2014. Vaduz: Ministerium für Äusseres, Bildung und Kultur, S. 25-39.

Maladaptive reactions on stressful experiences justifying a diagnosis of adjustment disorder have high prevalence. Little is known about the possible risk for clinically significant maladaptation that results from the social context. The literature on the effects of depression on communication and altered support conditions in couples is suggesting this. Aim of this study was to investigate whether clinically significant depression in the romantic partner is a risk factor for adjustment disorder following a concept of stress-response disorder. Furthermore, from a dimensional point of view a possible positive association between depressive symptoms in the partner and own adjustment symptom was studied. Thereby, own depressive symptoms were controlled for in order to exclude mere depressive contagion and isolate stress-related responses. In an online-couple-study N=294 participants (N=147 couples) reported whether or not they had experienced a stressful event that is still bothering them. N=152 participants reported such an event. N=28 of this group reached the threshold of a possible diagnosis with the screening questionnaire "Adjustment disorder New Module". N=14 romantic partners reported depressive symptoms above the cut-off of the CES-D. The risk for an adjustment disorder is elevated if the female partner reports a clinically significant level of depressive symptoms (OR 7.13). This was only true when female partners were depressed, the depression of male partners did not show any significant associations. Accordingly, dimensionally there is a positive association between depressive symptoms of the female partner and adjustment symptoms of preoccupation (stressor-related repetitive negative thoughts). Depression of the romantic partner seems to be a significant risk factor for maladaptive reactions on a stressful event. This was particularly true for male participants of the study. To sum up, results encourage taking up an interpersonal perspective in research and clinical interventions.

Die Stabilität von Erziehungseinstellungen und deren Transmission zwischen den Generationen stellen zentrale Aspekte im familiären Gefüge dar. Hier wurde den Fragen nachgegangen wie stabil sich druckorientierte Erziehungseinstellungen darstellen und ob sie von Mutter und Vater an die nachfolgende Generation weitergegeben werden. Dabei wurden das Geschlecht des Kindes sowie die emotionale Nähe auf ihre Moderatorfunktion im Transmissionsprozess geprüft. Die Stichprobe bestand aus 109 bzw. 128 Schweizer Familien mit Mutter Vater und einem erwachsenem Kind. Es handelte sich um eine prospektive Längsschnittuntersuchung mit drei Messzeitpunkten über 23 Jahre hinweg. Die Datenanalyse erfolgte mit latenten Strukturgleichungsmodellen. Die Ergebnisse zeigen auf dass bei beiden Elternteilen über den Schuleintritt hinweg kurzfristig ein hohes Mass an relativer Stabilität von Druckorientierung besteht. Absolute Stabilität ist dagegen nur beim Vater gegeben. Weiter zeigt sich eine gegenseitige Beeinflussung: Die mütterlichen Erziehungseinstellungen werden durch die väter lichen ein Jahr zuvor tangiert. Auch langfristig wird bei beiden Elternteilen eine hohe relative Stabilität sichtbar. Feststellen lässt sich zudem eine intergenerationale Transmission über mehr als 20 Jahre hin weg: Mütter geben ihre druckorientierten Erziehungseinstellungen an die erwachsenen Töchter und Söhne weiter Väter dagegen nur an Letztere. Diemütterliche emotionale Nähe moderiert die intergenerationale Transmission zwischen der Mutter und den erwachsenen Kindern dahingehend dass eine geringe emotionale Nähe der Mutter die Übernahme der mütterlichen Druckorientierung durch die erwachsenen Kinder langfristig fördert. The stability of parenting beliefs and their transmission across generations represent focal ideas in the familial framework. This thesis examined the stability of control-oriented parenting beliefs and asked whether mothers and fathers pass such beliefs on to the next generation. In addition the child's gender and the level of emotional closeness between parent and child were analysed as moderators of the transmission process. The samples consisted of 109 and 128 Swiss families - to assess stability and transmission respectively - with a mother a father and one adult child. This prospective longitudinal study consisted of three time points over 23 years. The data were analysed with latent structural equation modelling. The results showed a high relative short-time stability of control-oriented parenting beliefs for both parents during the child’s transition from Kindergarten to elementary school but only fathers presented absolutely stable positions across a 1-year period. In addition a mutual influence arose: Mothers’ parenting beliefs were affected by the father’s beliefs from 1 year earlier. A long-term relative stability of control-orientation by both parents was also found. Furthermore an important intergeneration transmission of control-oriented parenting beliefs across a period of more than 20 years emerged: Mothers passed on their positions to adult daughters and sons but fathers only to their adult sons. Thus maternal emotional closeness moderated the intergenerational transmission of control-oriented parenting beliefs between the mother and the adult child in the sense that less emotional closeness between mother and child promotes the overtaking of the mother’s control-orientation by the adult child.

The study examined the relationship between potential traumatic events in childhood and motivational abilities in old adulthood according to developmental stage.The motivational abilities of self-efficacy, conscientiousness and impulsivity (self control) were investigated in a sample of 114 formerly indentured Swiss child laborers. Adversities were assessed by the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ). The sample was split into four age groups according to the beginning of the potential trauma: infancy (0-2), preschool (3-5), early childhood (6-9), and early adolescence (≥ 10).The strongest relationship was found between self-efficacy and CTQ in the group "early adolescence," followed by the relationship between conscientiousness and CTQ in the same group. Impulsivity and CTQ were most strongly associated in the "preschool" group.Childhood adversities seem to have a negative impact on self-efficacy and conscientiousness after the age of ten. In contrast, self-control seems to be affected by the deleterious effect of trauma or adversity already at an earlier age.

To minimize the risk of intraoperative complications, a comprehensive radiological diagnostic work-up should be a routine procedure in oral surgery. This is especially true concerning possible damage to the inferior alveolar nerve during surgical removal of the third molars. The course and location of the nerve are best assessed when evaluating panoramic view images or cone beam CTs. The following case report demonstrates and discusses the importance of a thorough radiological evaluation before surgery, the problems raised by an interradicular course of the inferior alveolar nerve, and the finding of a monostotic fibrous dyplasia in the same patient.

The purpose of the present retrospective study was to evaluate the post-traumatic healing of the pulp and periodontium of 32 permanent teeth with horizontal root fractures. Twenty-nine patients, 8-48 years old, who presented at our department with a root fracture between January 2001 and April 2007, participated in the study. Root-fractured teeth with a loosened or dislocated coronal fragment were repositioned and splinted for 14-49 days (average: 34 days). In cases of severe dislocation of the coronal fragment, prophylactic endodontic treatment was performed. Follow-up examinations were conducted routinely after 1,2,3,6, and 12 months. For this study, follow-up took place for up to 7 years post trauma. Of 32 root-fractured teeth, 29 (91%) survived. 10 teeth (31%) exhibited pulpal healing; 13 teeth (41%) were prophylactically endodontically treated within 2 weeks of injury. At the fracture line, interposition of calcified tissue was evident in 6 teeth (19%), and interposition of granulation tissue was observed in 8 teeth (25%). The prognosis of the root-fractured teeth was good, and one-third of the teeth with root fractures possessed a vital pulp at the final examination.