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Andrzej Tomaszewski is a typographer, pressman, and editor. Over the years, he has designed the artwork of more than 260 books and magazines and is currently regarded one of the major authority figures in the field of typography in Poland. Tomaszewski is also the author of many publications on the subject of practical and theoretical aspects of book design. His definition of “typography” is the one (that has been) most often referred to in Polish specialist literature. In 2015, as the commissioner of the contest named “Konkurs PTWK Najpiekniejsza Ksiązka Roku”, he created and systematised the grading criteria for the entres. Biographical research on careers of some eminent typographers constitues a significant part of bibliology studies. It allows the reader to detect complex aspects of designing publications that would be both functional and beautiful. The aim of this article is to introduce and discuss Tomaszewski’s outlook on defining the meaning of “typography,” typographer’s role, book design, and the concept of a beautiful book.

This article considers the Scottish progresses undertaken during 1679-1682 by the future James II of England and VII of Scotland. At this time, James was heir presumptive to his elder brother Charles II but, as a Catholic, his likely succession was controversial and triggered what is commonly called the Exclusion Crisis. Building on existing work that has studied how James used progresses to negotiate key support in Scotland, this article views these political performances within a broader, trans-archipelagic context and asks how they affected the crown’s ability to extricate itself from this controversy. Using archival and primary material, and paying particular attention to the poems, addresses, and other scripts they incorporate, the first section of this article focuses on ways in which these progresses were staged for multiple audiences. The second part concentrates on their subsequent representation in print as a means to examine the contest that surrounded James’s succession. Drawing together these threads of print and performance, this article shows that James’s Scottish progresses offer insightful case studies for the continued significance of monarchic performance in the premodern world. It demonstrates their profound impact on discourse, debate and, ultimately, the monarchy’s successful political management of this crisis.

Based on the discourse analysis of articles collected between 2010 and 2016 from the Süddeutsche Zeitung – a leading local and German national newspaper – my aim is to reconstruct the central conditions limiting or enabling the participation of those citizens in the public discourse who are generally constructed as „migrants“. Therefore, I analyse the central elements of the discourse around the subject migration/integration. My analysis is guided by the ‚postmigrant debate‘, in particular by the approaches of the ‚differential inclusion‘ of migrantised groups and their ‚struggles of migration‘ combining it with critical race debates. My aim is to outline the different discursive ways that allow migrantised citizens to participate in public meaning making, and the ways, they use to contest majoritarian views. My analysis reveals their critical reconsideration of the system of differentiated inclusion, which is organizing the majoritarian discourse and ‚migrants‘ everyday lives. While the journalistic strategy exemplified within the analysis is working in support of the ‚migrant's perspectives‘, it simultaneously acts to normalize majoritarian position contra migration.

Im Projekt Lesejahr.ch lesen Schüler und Lehrer an Schweizer Mittelschulen um die Wette. Sie können dabei entweder viel lesen oder schlau lesen, damit punkten und Preise gewinnen. Das Projekt der schulinternen Mediotheken macht das Lesen cool und sichtbar. Denn Lesefreude und Orientierung in der Medienwelt sind in Zeiten von Twitter und Instagram nach wie vor wichtige Ziele für anspruchsvolle Schulen., Lesejahr.ch is an attractive reading contest for Swiss high school students and teachers. They can either read a lot or read smartly to score points and win prizes. The project, initiated by the school libraries, makes reading cool and visible. In times of Twitter and Instagram, encouraging students to read for pleasure and teaching them to handle the media sensibly are very important goals for any good school.

The paper deals with the dramatic story of the preparation for (and subsequent failure of) the 4th Congres internationaux d’architecture moderne (CIAM) conference in Moscow. The offer to host the congress in Moscow was made in 1929, with the planned topic ‘Urban Organisation, Urban Construction, and Regional Planning’. Had it taken place in 1930 or 1931, the planned congress would have had an enormous impact. It probably would have been able to counteract the split of the modern urban construction movement into two factions, with those in favour of reconstructing existing cities on the one hand and proponents of building brand new cities on the other. It is widely believed that the congress was moved from Moscow to Athens due to CIAM’s protest against the results of the competition for the Palace of Soviets. Indeed, the controversy over this contest certainly delayed the congress. However, the study of the archival sources shows that the postponement was a result of a drastic change in the USSR’s domestic policies, which took place before CIAM challenged the results of the competition. The character of the preparation for the congress on the Soviet side in 1929–33 was quite complex. Therefore, the paper pays special attention to the positions and policies of the Soviet officials in charge of the congress: Jurij Larin, Jakov Vajnshenker, Avel Enukidze, and others. The analysis of previously unknown letters and documents shows that, despite the fact that agreements between CIAM and the Soviet side were concluded in December 1932, the congress was postponed (indeed, cancelled) once again in March 1933, this time by Stalin personally, even though Karo Alabjan, the party secretary of USSR Association of Architects, argued against postponement., Статья посвящена драматичной истории подготовки и последовавшего затем провала IV съезда CIAM (Международного конгресса по современной архитектуре) в Москве в 1929 г., главная тема которого была заявлена следующим образом: «Городская организация, городское строительство и региональное планирование». Конгресс в Москве, будь он проведен в 1930 или 1931 г., мог бы оказаться крайне влиятельным. Автор высказывает мысль о том, что участники конгресса могли бы сгладить наметившийся в тот период в среде архитекторов раскол между сторонниками реконструкции существующих городов, с одной стороны, и сторонников вновь возводимых городов – с другой, и, соответственно, раскол между традиционным и современным градостроением. Считается, что конгресс был перенесен из Москвы в Афины из-за протеста CIAM по поводу результатов конкурса проектов Дворца Советов. Изучение архивных источников показывает, что перенос конгресса был результатом резких перемен во внутренней политике СССР, которые произошли еще до того, как его участники подвергли критике конкурс проектов Дворца Советов. Характер подготовки к конгрессу со стороны СССР в 1929–1933 гг. был весьма сложным. В статье уделяется особое внимание позициям и действиям ответственных за конгресс советских чиновников Юрия Ларина и Якова Вайншенкера, Авеля Енукидзе и других. Анализ ранее не известных писем и документов показывает, что, невзирая на соглашения между CIAM и советской стороной, достигнутые в декабре 1932 – марте 1933 г., конгресс был вновь отложен (по сути, отменен), на сей раз лично Сталиным, несмотря даже на протест со стороны партийного секретаря Союза советских архитекторов Каро Алабяна.

Este texto visa a desenvolver uma reflexão sobre o presente a partir da crítica da razão política desenvolvida por Michel Foucault no encalço das formas de racionalidade da economia geral do poder na história do Ocidente. Neste sentido, discorre sobre a reflexão foucaultiana, considerando sua atualidade, os modelos de análise do poder por ela constituídos e as críticas que põem em questão tais modelos no que tange em especial a esta alegada atualidade. Referidos modelos, indicativos do biopoder, configuram uma oposição à concepção tradicional do poder moderno, juridicamente estruturada em torno da noção de soberania. Por fim, com base neste deslocamento interpretativo, aborda-se a relevância da crise do Estado-nação como um dos acontecimentos que introduz a diferença contemporânea, com seus perigos e sua potencialidade.

The text attempts to describe the echo of Gayot de Pitaval’s Causes celebres in Spanish literature throughout the 18th century, and the variations of meaning (contexts and readings) that those ›famous legal cases‹ suffered. Benito Jeronimo Feijoo, who was undoubtedly one of the fathers or precursors of the Spanish Enlightenment, and other much less well-known writers (Barberi, Sanchez Sanchez) in the second half of the century, dismembered Pitaval’s Causes and reused the fragments in order to give, besides many other moral and historical ›examples‹, a fascinating overview of human behaviour. The secrets of the heart (good and evil, right and wrong) could hence be opened to a generic public, wider than jurists; the former legal character of the Causes were just called up to sustain the certainty of the offered ›facts‹ and at the same time to consecrate the trial-like way to truth: the contest between reality and fallacy, the critical progress amid the shadows or the intimacy with personal secrets, could be attributes of justice, but also and above all were pursued by many reformers focused on such extended fields as historiography, legislation and social values.

The Environmental Mapping and Analysis Programme EnMAP is a hyperspectral satellite mission, supposed to be launched into space in the near future. EnMAP is designed to be revolutionary in terms of spectral resolution and signal-to-noise ratio. Nevertheless, it will provide a relatively high spatial resolution also. In order to exploit the capacities of this future mission, its data have been simulated by other authors in previous work. EnMAP will differ from other spaceborne and airborne hyperspectral sensors. Thus, the assumption that the standard classification algorithms from other sensors will perform best for EnMAP as well cannot by upheld since proof. Unfortunately, until today, relatively few studies have been published to investigate classification algorithms for EnMAP. Thus, the authors of this study, who have provided some insights into classifying simulated EnMAP data before, aim to encourage future studies by opening the EnMAP contest. The EnMAP contest consists in a benchmark dataset provided for algorithm development, which is presented herein. For demonstrative purposes, this report also represents two classification results which have already been realized. It furthermore provides a roadmap for other scientists interested in taking part in the EnMAP contest.

Redistributional issues are important in contemporary welfare states. These issues cannot be analyzed using the median voter theorem because preferences fail singlepeakedness: Collective preferences are intransitive, giving rise to cyclical preferences. A suitable instrument for analyzing redistributional issues is the Colonel Blotto game. This game is older than the more familiar prisoner’s dilemma, but it has been solved only recently. The article introduces the Colonel Blotto Game as well as the general structure of its solutions. Thereafter, the game’s logic is illustrated using several policy examples. The two most fascinating results state that, in a political contest, it is never optimal to use pure strategies, and that the political process itself induces remarkable inequalities.

Medienimpulse, Bd. 48 Nr. 1 (2010): 1/2010 - Medien und Sport