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Résumé: Avec une politique d’urbanisation rapide, Abidjan est caractérisée par une population nombreuse. Cette politique a entrainé un brassage énorme des pratiques alimentaires. Par ce brassage culinaire, plusieurs habitudes alimentaires se sont développées dans le quotidien des populations du District ivoirien. Avec la prouesse des industriels agroalimentaires, on note l’arrivage des produits industriels tels que les additifs alimentaires, les faux aliments, les aliments Ultra-transformés, les bouillons de tout genre et bien d’autres. Ceux-ci sont disponibles sur les différents marchés des communes visitées. Ces nouvelles donnes alimentaires ont du coup modifié les trajectoires alimentaires des populations des centres urbains, plus précisément la ville d’Abidjan. Désormais, on assiste à plusieurs modes de cuissons de repas, dans lesquels figurent ces ingrédients industriels. Ces nouvelles manières de manger que les abidjanais se sont imposés a permis de développer plusieurs préférences alimentaires chez les Ivoiriens. Dans l’intérêt de saisir la cause plausible des maladies métaboliques développées en Côte d’Ivoire et la raison des multiples choix alimentaires des abidjanais. Cette étude a été réalisé. A partir d’une approche qualitative, de janvier 2019 à juin 2019 auprès de 200 personnes résidant dans les sous-communes d’ABOBO et de COCODY. Les résultats présentent i) une pluralité de logiques de consommation alimentaires, qui a induit ii) bons nombres de déterminants alimentaires chez les abidjanais d’une part, et, d’autre part iii) faire la typologie des différents plats consommés quotidiennement par les Ivoiriens. Mots-clés : logiques de consommations - faux aliments- féculents-additifs alimentaires

Copyright of Zeitschrift für Ägyptische Sprache und Altertumskunde is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revue de Synthèse is the property of Brill Academic Publishers and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Aquatic Sciences is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Résumé : Le phénomène de migration tisse une rencontre des cultures, une recherche de soi, il proclame la nécessité de se perdre pour mieux se retrouver. Dans les littératures migrantes où sont timidement chuchoter des récits de vie témoignant de la condition des individus ayant quitté leurs pays et pour des raisons qui sortent généralement de leurs volontés. Le déchirement entre deux pays n’est pas une fatalité, mais il serait une opportunité pour se réinventer sans faire de bruit. C’est à travers l’analyse textuelle que se dévoile le brassage des univers distincts. Brutale, féérique, ou discret il représente la rencontre des mondes divergents qui est un cheminement à la reconnaissance de soi, la découverte de l’autre et surtout le vivre ensemble. Mots-clés : littérature francophone, autobiographie, silence, interculturalité.

Sociolinguistic Contrast between the North and the South of Algeria – Sociocultural Dynamics and Dialectal Variations, Case of Two Families from Adrar settled in Tlemcen ABSTRACT: The Maghreb countries are known for their linguistic diversity due to ethnic mixing and the different waves of migration brought by Islamic conquests and colonial constraints. Today, each city and each region bears within them, to different degrees, the marks of this history which is rather combined in the plural. This contribution focuses on the correlation between social mobility and dialectal variety to justify certain phenomena such as transculturalism and bidialectism cause of phonetic distortions and semantic changes. An investigation is proposed to validate these phenomena. RÉSUMÉ : Les pays du Maghreb sont connus pour leurs diversités linguistiques dues au brassage ethnique et aux différentes vagues migratoires apportées par les conquêtes islamiques et les invasions coloniales. Aujourd’hui, chaque ville et chaque région porte en elles, à des degrés différents, les marques de cette histoire qui se conjugue plutôt au pluriel. Cette contribution s’intéresse à la corrélation entre mobilité sociale et variété dialectale pour justifier certains phénomènes tels que la transculturation et le bidialectisme, causes de distorsions phonétiques et de changements sémantiques. Une enquête de terrain est proposée pour analyser et comprendre ces phénomènes

Résumé : Le multiculturalisme est l’existence de différentes cultures au sein d’une organisation ou une société. Elle désigne le fait d’inclure différentes perspectives culturelles dans une société. La diversité culturelle a donné aux États-Unis sa richesse, sa couleur et son dynamisme. Mais cette politique n’est pas en soi un facteur de paix et de progrès. Elle nécessite pour cela l’apprentissage de l’altérité, l’aptitude au décentrement et au dialogue, la reconnaissance de la valeur que recèle chaque culture et l’Amour pour son prochain qui sont les conditions d’un vivre ensemble réussi. C’est dans cette perspective que le multiculturalisme est vu comme le socle de l’unité Américaine mais aussi comme une source d’enrichissement de la société Américaine. Mots-clés : multiculturalisme, brassage culturel, l’altérité, Amour, vivre-ensemble.

Copyright of Francia (1867-6448) is the property of Thorbecke and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The paper calls for a reconceptualization of pre-classical political economy and economic thought and its role in long-term growth and Europe's transition towards industrialization, c. 1350-1900. The focus will be on German Cameralism and its imputed characteristic as a Sonderweg doctrine. The Sonderweg hypothesis will be refuted. Cameralism was neither specifically German (it was a pan-European doctrine), nor in any way an aberration in the evolution of modern economic thought. And it contained key elements that would make, if applied wisely, for an effective economic transition from agrarian low-growth economies to more productive industrial economies based on manufacturing. It thus was the origin and pre-runner of modern economic doctrine(s). One key element however, that has been understudied in recent years, and which is the focus of the present article, is the strong notion in Cameralist economics on order in the market place and how a secure framework of property rights could be achieved that was apt to effect such transitions noted above. This can be shown using a focus on the monetary theory of the Cameralists. Far from following a traditionalist 'Scholastic' or worse, dirigiste, stance, the German economic thinkers developed a quite idiosyncratic set of ideas how money should be managed so as to achieve stability in domestic economy and society, as well as the potential for long-term growth. There were three areas or topics in particular around which these theories of order evolved, sometimes conflicting: first by the command for a stable currency (measured in terms of the precious metal content of the coins), second the call for currency debasement in those cases where this would help the domestic economy become more competitive, and thirdly, by increasing money's speed of circulation as a means to achieve economic expansion. These ideas have a long history that sometimes goes back to the Middle Ages. But their longevity is proven in some continuities to be found in twentieth- century economic thought so that it may be said with some justification that Cameralist economics - or 'economic reason of state' theory - laid the basis for Europe's long way towards the industrial revolution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revue de Synthèse is the property of Brill Academic Publishers and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

While Europe is commiting itself to operating its railway network more freely, the United States have been living since the beginning under competition in that branch. This situation brought about the development of hard working conditions for its employees at first. Yet, since the companies were compelled to operate on a high security level as well as to imperiously allow anybody to have access to this service, they were quickly subdued to stringent control restricting the way they were working and granting social advantages far beyond the rights of the employment law to their railroadmen. This set of rules was implemented by a specific federal organisation, the "Interstate Commerce Organisation", as well as by a special law, the "Railway Labor Act", building a tight frame when industrial disputes break out in that branch. The "Staggers Act", if loosening these rules, didn't aim at questioning them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revue de Synthèse is the property of Brill Academic Publishers and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)