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This study investigates gender-specific differences in obesity and the treatment by metabolic bariatric surgery (MBS). The database includes 2393 patients (1725 women, 668 men) from for a high-volume center for bariatric surgery. Demographic, perioperative and follow-up data were retrospectively analyzed. Men had a significantly higher body mass index (BMI) and more frequent obesity-associated diseases. Despite the higher prevalence of obesity in men, women accounted for 80% of the surgical patients. On average men had longer operation times but with the same complication rates. Postoperatively, both sexes experienced a significant reduction in excess body weight, which was slightly more pronounced in women. The study particularly emphasizes the need to better motivate men to undergo obesity treatment in order to reduce the health consequences of morbid obesity in this population group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Die Urologie is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Zentralblatt fuer Arbeitsmedizin, Arbeitsschutz und Ergonomie is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Die Urologie is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article provides an overview of osteoporosis, including definition, epidemiology, and risk factors. The fracture risk in osteoporosis depends on various factors such as age, body mass index, previous fractures, and medication intake. The FRAX fracture risk assessment tool can be used to calculate individual risk. The diagnosis of osteoporosis requires a comprehensive evaluation, including medical history, imaging, and bone density measurement. Treatment includes fall prevention, adequate calcium and vitamin D intake, as well as medication therapy. Various medications such as bisphosphonates, denosumab, and teriparatide are recommended, with individual adjustment of therapy being important. Fall prevention is also of great importance. Vitamin D supplementation is controversial, and high-dose therapies may increase fracture risk. [Extracted from the article]

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Background: Population-based studies on the relationship between social isolation and obesity, which also include younger adults, are still lacking in Germany. The aim of this study is to investigate the prevalence of social isolation in people with and without obesity. In addition, socially isolated people with and without obesity are examined with regard to socio-demographic and socio-economic factors as well as with regard to depressive symptoms., Methods: This study was based on baseline data from the LIFE Adult Study (18-79 years) from the 2011-2014 study period. The sample comprised n = 8350 participants. In addition to socio-demographic characteristics and socio-economic status (SES), data on social isolation (LSNS-6), depression (ADS), and body mass index (BMI) were collected. Evaluations were carried out using inferential statistical analyses., Results: Overall, 13.1% of the total sample were affected by social isolation. Participants with obesity (20.4%) had a significantly (p < 0.001) higher prevalence compared to those without obesity (11.4%). A better social integration was significantly associated with younger age (p < 0.001), female sex (p < 0.001), being married (and cohabiting) (p < 0.001), higher socioeconomic status (p < 0.001), and lower depressive symptoms (p < 0.001)., Discussion: A higher BMI was not associated per se with poorer social integration. However, the present study showed that socially isolated people with obesity represent a special risk group for impaired mental health and had twice the prevalence of social isolation compared to those without obesity., (© 2024. The Author(s).)

Copyright of HNO is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of Anaesthesiologie & Intensivmedizin is the property of DGAI e.V. - Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Anasthesiologie und Intensivmedizin e.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Background: Sleep disorders and sleep-disordered breathing are very common in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Objectives: Depiction of clinical importance and presumed causes for sleep disorders and sleep-disordered breathing in IPF and of the consequences for the diagnostic and therapeutic management of IPF. Methods: Evaluation of the literature on the subject of IPF – sleep – sleep disorders – sleep-disordered breathing. Results: The reasons for sleep disorders in IPF are many, including coughing, sleep-related disorders of breathing, and increased respiratory drive. The Epworth sleepiness scale score (ESS score) is not sensitive enough to detect daytime sleepiness in IPF. Better results are provided by the functional outcomes of sleep questionnaire (FOSQ) and the fatigue severity scale (FSS). Oxygen desaturations often appear during sleep and cannot be predicted by lung function, but to a certain degree by arterial oxygen pressure (PaO2) during wakefulness. There is ongoing evidence that in patients with IPF, pulmonary hypertension, and additional nocturnal desaturations mortality is increased and prognosis is impaired. There are, however, no evidence-based recommendations concerning the indication of oxygen therapy and non-invasive ventilation during sleep. Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) has an increased incidence in IPF, especially in patients with an elevated body mass index (BMI). If OSA is present in IPF oxygen desaturations are more profound. The therapy of sleep disorders and sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) in IPF is individual. Conclusions: In the absence of an effective treatment for IPF, amelioration of sleep and life quality by the treatment of sleep disorders and sleep-related disorders of breathing seems to be a primary goal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Geographic information on risk factors for health or disease is increasingly being used to understand the determinants of health. GeoLaus is a project initiated in 2015 that studies the impact of living spaces and socio-economic situation, on physical and mental health and on different lifestyle habits. This paper discusses and illustrates the use of spatial information in CoLaus to understand the determinants of obesity and daytime sleepiness. The first results of the GeoLaus study open new perspectives on population health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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A recent study shows that the Body Mass Index (BMI) plays a crucial role in breast augmentation. The size of the female breast correlates with the BMI, meaning that women with a higher BMI naturally have larger breasts. In order to achieve a natural result in breast augmentation, the size of the implant should be proportional to the height and weight of the body. An average breast size is most commonly requested, and the most accurate method for determining breast volume is a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan. The study was conducted by the specialists in aesthetic plastic surgery, Dr. Stéphane Stahl and Dr. Adelana Santos Stahl. [Extracted from the article]

Backround: Aspiration of stomach content is a severe complication during general anaesthesia. The DGAI (German Society for Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine) guidelines recommend a fasting period for liquids of 2 h, with a maximum of 400 ml. Preoperative fasting can affect the patients' recovery after surgery due to insulin resistance and higher protein catabolism as a response to surgical stress.Objectives: The aim of the study was to compare a liberal fasting regimen consisting of up to 1000 ml of liquids until 2 h before surgery with the DGAI recommendation.Materials and Methods: The prospective observational clinical study was approved by the ethics committee of the University of Leipzig. In the liberal fasting group (Glib) patients undergoing bariatric surgery were asked to drink 1000 ml of tea up to 2 h before surgery. Patients assigned to the restrictive fasting group (Gres) who were undergoing nonbariatric abdominal surgery were asked to drink no more than 400 ml of water up to 2 h preoperatively. Right after anaesthesia induction and intubation a gastric tube was placed, gastric residual volume was measured and the pH level of gastric fluid was determined. Moreover, the occurrence of aspiration was monitored.Results: In all, 98 patients with a body mass index (BMI) of Glib 51.1 kg/m2 and Gres 26.5 kg/m2 were identified. The preoperative fasting period of liquids was significantly different (Glib 170 min vs. Gres 700 min, p < 0.001). There was no difference regarding the residual gastric volume (Glib 11 ml, Gres 5 ml, p = 0.355). The pH of gastric fluid was nearly similar (Glib 4.0; Gres 3.0; p = 0.864). Aspiration did not occur in any patient.Conclusions: There is evidence suggesting that a liberal fluid fasting regimen (1000 ml of fluid) in the preoperative period is safe in patients undergoing bariatric surgery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The prevalence of obesity has increased worldwide. For Germany, according to the "Study on Adult Health in Germany" (DEGS1) of the Robert Koch Institute from the years 2008-2011, the prevalence of a BMI ≥25 kg/m² was 67,1% for men and 53,0% for women, whereby the proportion of obesity, i.e. a BMI ≥30 kg/m² is 23, 3% for men and 23,9% for women. Compared to 1998, the prevalence of obesity in the same group was 18, 8% for men and 21,7% for women. Because of the increasing prevalence of overweight and obesity, the number of patients with obesity-associated comorbidities is correspondingly increasing. There is a close association between obesity and an increased risk of metabolic diseases, cardiovascular diseases, but also musculoskeletal diseases, some types of cancer and mental comorbidities. In addition, obesity might also lead to restrictions in activities of daily living, reduced quality of life, unemployment and early retirement. A knowledge of obesity-associated sequelae is therefore essential in order to specifically look for them, treat them and thereby improve patient care and ultimately morbidity and mortality of patients with obesity., Competing Interests: Votragshonorare oder Reisesponsoring durch Astra Zeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Lilly, Novo Nordisk, Sanofi Aventis, (Thieme. All rights reserved.)

Driven by the aging population, the proximal femoral fracture is a rising fracture entity, challenging trauma surgeons as well as the German healthcare system as a whole. The rising average age of the population is accompanied by a rising BMI in the German population, resulting in longer operation times, longer average length of stay (ALOS) as well as more postoperative complications.The aim of this study was to demonstrate the economic correlation between body mass index and hospital costs. The retrospective analysis of 950 patient cases suffering from a proximal femoral fracture resulted in the finding of rising treatment costs being positively associated with rising BMI due to longer operation times and longer length of hospitalization (10,452 €, 11,505 €, 12,085 € and 13,681 € for patients with BMI < 18.5 kg/m 2 , BMI = 18.5-24.9 kg/m 2 , BMI = 25.0-29.9 kg/m 2 and BMI ≥ 30.0 kg/m 2 , respectively)., (© 2022. The Author(s).)