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If one considers chemical-biology toolsets that have had the greatest impact on numerous fields of life sciences over the most recent years, proximity-labeling tools, such as APEX, and Bio-ID arguably lead the way. This article reflects upon the current state-of-the-art and discusses key limitations underlying these emerging approaches, in particular, the limited functional knowledge they provide in understanding local proteomes / interactomes. This limitation is directly linked to the use of non-biologically- or non-pharmaceutically-relevant reactive intermediates in the course of covalently labeling the local proteomes. As such, these methods cannot report on specific functions of localized protein players, nor can they scrutinize whether the specific functions of such proteins/interactomes can be directly manipulated by pharmacologically-relevant small-molecule ligands. The latest data hint that precision localized electrophile delivery concept ushers a means to address this limitation with high spatiotemporal resolution, and ultimately, in relevant live animals.

Interests in learning how to engineer most effective covalent ligands, identify novel functional targets, and define precise mechanism-of-action are rapidly growing in both academia and pharmaceutical industries. We here illuminate the establishment of a multifunctional platform that offers new capabilities to logically engineer covalent ligands and dissect 'on-target' bioactivity with precise biological context and precision hitherto inaccessible. Broadly aimed at non-specialist readers, this opinion piece is aimed to stoke the interest of emerging chemists and biologists/bioengineers, but the underlying technological and conceptual topicality is anticipated to also appeal to experts leading ligand–target mining, validation, and -discovery research programs.

The earthworm fauna of the Republic of the Union of Myanmar (Burma) is quite well studied due to the studious works of Gordon E. Gates. However, after the publication of the comprehensive monograph Burmese earthworms (Gates 1972) there has been no new data published from this country. In the last year the last author collected several earthworm samples from Burma, resulting in 7 species records belonging to the families Moniligastridae, Benhamiidae, Octochaetidae and Megascolecidae including some little known species like Tonoscolex depressus (Gates, 1929) and Eutyphoeus constrictus Gates, 1929. Examination of the E. constrictus specimens revealed that they show different states of metandry, they are morphologically very similar to E. hastatus Gates, 1929, and only differ by the functionality of the testes in segment 10, therefore it should be regarded as a synonym of E. constrictus.

In January 2012 popular struggles against an unheralded petrol price hike sparked all over Nigeria and gained unprecedented momentum within a few days. From the perspective of an activist engaged in the movement, this article explores the various forms of protest and organization that emerged during this period of social resistance, but also the strategies of the ruling class attempting to curb the unrest. In so doing, the article develops an overall picture of the social forces and the course of events which shaped this new wave of social struggles. While a particular focus of the article lies on the evaluation of the general strike and the developments that led to its suspension, the article concludes with a critical discussion of the prospects of future protests in Nigeria and the possibilities of reviving the dynamic that was unleashed during the 'January Awakening'. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses corporate health benefits for employees as a means of maintaining and promoting their good health. Industrial hygiene laws, accident prevention strategies, and rehabilitation for war veterans are discussed. Further factors such as pre-employment medical examinations, company medical services, and sick pay are examined.

The article presents a commentary on a document titled Die Bundeszulassungsordnungen für Kassenärzte und Kassenzahnärzte which states the requirements for government physicians and dentists in Germany. The process of judicial reviews of the candidates is discussed and the selection process is examined.

The article discusses the provisions of Germany's Gesetz über die Krankenversicherung der Rentner (GKVdR - Law on the Health Insurance of Pensioners). The author critiques the law's content, its complicated definition of the term "pensioner," its shortcomings with regard to orphans' and surviving dependents' rights, and the way it deals with the date gap between application for retirement income and actual date of retirement.

The article discusses preventative medical screenings in Germany as practiced by the company health insurance fund ("Betriebskrankenkasse") Krupp in Essen, Germany in 1920, 1933 and 1949. The author suggests that current company health insurance funds can learn from this practice as it prepares a company to take better care of its employees and plan pensions accordingly.

The article reports on a conference held by the "Gesellschaft für Versicherungswissenschaft und -gestaltung" held in Freudenstadt, Germany from October 7–8, 1954. In particular, the author refers to a comprehensive conference booklet titled "Gesundheitsvorsorge" that outlines conference topics such as health care provision, social insurance reform and health policies in Germany.

The article discusses German law pertaining to social security that was enacted in March 1945 but differentially applied in the British versus other Allied zones of occupation. The British introduced the first regulations governing the simplification of social security. Provisions of that statutory simplification are summarized.