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Diferentes cuestiones han sido discutidas en torno a la etnografía virtual en el marco de los estudios de internet, tales como los desafíos para la noción de campo, las conexiones online y offline, las implicancias de la mediación tecnológica y los aspectos éticos del proceso de investigación. El artículo se aproxima a un aspecto menos abordado: las interacciones multi-plataforma en sitios de redes sociales en internet (SRS). El estudio etnográfico virtual realizado en la comunidad de profesionales de la comunicación CórdobaPR, permite retroalimentar las discusiones en torno a la inmersión y delimitación del campo, las posibilidades de registro, la sistematización y análisis de información, así como la mutación de plataformas web y migración de usuarios. Sus resultados permiten reconocer los desafíos implicados en el traspaso desde interacciones uni-plataforma a multi-plataforma, las cuales involucran una complejización de los intercambios a través de múltiples capas de software.

The paper discusses the problem of the possible relation between psychoanalytic concepts and social critique in the perspective of Adorno's social thought. The title refers to Adorno's idea that psyche as individual spontaneity has now lost the weight it used to have in the liberal era. As a brief introductory remark, I clarify the status of theory for Adorno, i.e., the circularity between interpretation and description as grounded by the nature of the social object itself. Then I analyse his core idea of “social objectivity” as an impersonal mechanism which is at the same time produced by men and reified, heteronomous for them, and I argue that, for Adorno, the discontinuity existing between individual and society prevents an immediate shift of psychoanalytic concepts to the social world: the example of fascism clearly proves that the determining social forces today, while instrumentally exploiting deep psychical materials, are not themselves psychological. In the final part, I show how, for Adorno, psychology and sociology nevertheless need to be mediated with each other, while avoiding the superficial synthesis the so-called “revised psychoanalysis” aims to, and I point out some similarities between psychoanalytic practice and social critique as conceived by him.

Abstract The genetic variability of the mitochondrial D-loop DNA sequence in seven horse breeds bred in Italy (Giara, Haflinger, Italian trotter, Lipizzan, Maremmano, Thoroughbred and Sarcidano) was analysed. Five unrelated horses were chosen in each breed and twenty-two haplotypes were identified. The sequences obtained were aligned and compared with a reference sequence and with 27 mtDNA D-loop sequences selected in the GenBank database, representing Spanish, Portuguese, North African, wild horses and an Equus asinus sequence as the outgroup. Kimura two-parameter distances were calculated and a cluster analysis using the Neighbour-joining method was performed to obtain phylogenetic trees among breeds bred in Italy and among Italian and foreign breeds. The cluster analysis indicates that all the breeds but Giara are divided in the two trees, and no clear relationships were revealed between Italian populations and the other breeds. These results could be interpreted as showing the mixed origin of breeds bred in Italy and probably indicate the presence of many ancient maternal lineages with high diversity in mtDNA sequences.

Abstract The term arthrogryposis refers to a symptom complex that is characterised by congenital limb contractures. Arthrogryposis has been reported in man, in farm animals and in pets. Several forms have been reported to have a genetic origin in man. In Brown Swiss and Holstein Friesian cattle, congenital contractures have been recorded and classified as spinal muscular atrophy (SMA). The survival motor neuron gene (SMN) has been suggested as a candidate gene for SMA. In the last 20 years, the National Association of Piedmont Cattle have recorded arthrogryposis cases. We cloned and sequenced SMN cDNA extracted from the spinal cord samples of two animals: one Piedmont calf showing a severe clinical form of arthrogryposis and one normal Piedmont calf. In the affected calf, more than 50% of the 5'end clones showed a ATG > TTG single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in exon 1 that should determine a Met > Leu aminoacid change (single point mutation M3L). This mutation is associated with a 9 bp increase length of 5'UTR and to a TTC → TTT silent mutation in exon 1. No single point mutation or 5'end polymorphism was shown in healthy animals and in the remaining 50% of the clones from the affected calf. We hypothesise a possible pathogenic effect of the 5'end-exon 1 polymorphism.

This paper reports the pharmacokinetics of three dihydroergocristine (DHEC, CAS 17479-19-5) oral formulations in six volunteers. In a randomized crossover trial the volunteers received 6 mg of the drug (1 tablet of 6 mg; 3 ml of drops containing 2 mg/ml; 1 single-dose bottle containing 6 mg); radioimmunoassay was used for the determination of the unchanged drug plasma levels. DHEC shows a plasma profile according to a 3-compartment pharmacokinetic model with a long half-life and high distribution volume. The analysis of AUC0-infinity, Cmax, tmax, and other pharmacokinetic parameters shows that the three formulations investigated are practically bioequivalent.

The pharmacokinetic properties of dihydroergocristine (DHEC, CAS 17479-19-5) were investigated in rats using a specific radioimmunoassay technique specific for non-metabolized drugs. DHEC, administered intravenously at the dose of 6 mg/kg, showed a plasma profile conforming to an open two-compartment pharmacokinetic model with a long terminal half-life (t1/2 = 13.6 h). DHEC kinetics after oral administration (6 mg/kg) showed two peaks. The first peak (C = 37 micrograms/l) occurred at the first collection point (0.5 h) indicating a quick absorption of the drug. The second peak (C = 34 micrograms/l) occurred at 2 h and may be considered an indication of an enterohepatic cycle. A long terminal half-life (t1/2 = 18.1 h) was observed. An extensive biotransformation of DHEC was indicated by an almost complete absence of unchanged drug in the urine and a high systemic clearance (2.65 l.h-1 x kg-1). A large volume of distribution (52 l.kg-1) was calculated.