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Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Bd. 42 Nr. 5 (2013): Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Band 42, Heft 5

Das Hauptziel dieses Artikels ist es, einen Überblick über die Entstehung eines Lehrprojekts der Stadt Rio de Janeiro zur Förderung der Mehrsprachigkeit an öffentlichen Schulen zu geben. Zu diesem Zweck stützt sich der Artikel zunächst auf einige offizielle Dokumente – wie z.B. den Text des Nationalen Rahmenlehrplans (BNCC) und die Leitprinzipien für das Programm für zweisprachige Schulen in der Stadt Rio de Janeiro, die das Lehren von Fremdsprachen in Brasilien und in der Stadt Rio de Janeiro leiten. Darüber hinaus werden in diesem Beitrag Ergebnisse einer Studie vorgestellt, die mit den Lehrkräften durchgeführt wurde, die seit Beginn des Projekts als Deutschlehrende dort arbeiten. Die Ergebnisse der Studie zeigen, dass critical literacy und interkulturelles Lernen grundlegende Prinzipien sowohl in der Wahrnehmung als auch in der Praxis der Lehrenden sind. Schließlich zeigt der vorliegende Beitrag, wie wichtig diese Lehrprojekt zur Förderung einer reicheren und pluralen Bildung von Schüler*innen ist. The main objective of this article is to provide an overview of the emergence of a teaching project in the city of Rio de Janeiro to promote multilingualism in public schools. To this end, the article first draws on some official documents - such as the text of the National Framework Curriculum (BNCC) and the Guiding Principles for the Bilingual Schools Program in the City of Rio de Janeiro, which guide the teaching of foreign languages in Brazil and in the City of Rio de Janeiro. In addition, this paper presents results of a study conducted with teachers who have been working there as German teachers since the beginning of the project. The results of the study show that critical literacy and intercultural learning are fundamental principles in both teachers' perceptions and practices. Finally, this paper shows the importance of this teaching project in promoting a richer and plural education for students.

Resumo Neste trabalho questionamos as (im)possibilidades de constituição de experiências, a partir das relações estabelecidas com os produtos culturais mercantilizados. Tomando como objeto o turismo de excursão, analisamos especificamente a relação dos sujeitos com os objetos/atrações. A partir dos dados obtidos com entrevistas e observações, evidenciamos que o turista assume uma disposição para a novidade, tornada habitual no interior da viagem, assim como dá preferência a uma relação de proximidade com os objetos, o que se expressa, entre outros aspectos, no impulso de apropriar-se deles por meio de suas imagens e dados informativos. A excursão como um todo e as atividades que a compõem se sucedem para o turista como vivência de choque, implicando no enfraquecimento das forças mnemônicas (e por isso o caráter imprescindível do uso do recurso fotográfico, mesmo efêmero) e miméticas (e por isso a valorização da apreensão direta do objeto pela informação).

O trabalho se ocupa da infância como expressão estética em dois filmes do alemão Wim Wenders, Alice nas cidades e Lisbon Story. Para isso procura construir um jogo entre ambos, em que cada uma das obras aparece simultaneamente como testemunho histórico e síntese de questões que dizem respeito à existência e às próprias possibilidades do cinema. Comparecem, portanto, o amor, a amizade, a memória, a reelaboração do passado, as cidades, o progresso e a regressão, bem como as técnicas de captação e produção de imagens e sons, os destinos e a memória do cinema como inconsciente onírico de uma época. O apoio se encontra principalmente em Walter Benjamin, nem tanto em seus comentários sobre cinema, mas muito mais no que se refere ao que escreveu sobre a infância na cidade, demarcando, assim, como Wenders o fará, um olhar infantil, oblíquo em relação ao seu destino, mas não infantilizado, sobre as coisas do mundo

Water is a vulnerable resource in the Mediterranean region, but irrigation demands have been increasing to mitigate effects of environmental stress. Sustainable wine production involves the precise use of water in the vineyard and winery. Improved knowledge on grapevine ecophysiology and genetics, the use of sensors for soil and canopy monitoring, plant phenotyping and improved crop management can help save water. In the winery, best management practices and improved water metrics will promote water savings and decrease wastewater production.

To define unmet needs in ophthalmology which can realistically be addressed in the next years (2019-2025) and to describe potential avenues for research to address these challenges.Outcomes of a consensus process within the European Vision Institute (EVI, Brussels) are outlined. Disease areas which are discussed comprise glaucoma, retinal dystrophies, diabetic retinopathy, dry eye disease, corneal diseases, cataract and refractive surgery.Unmet needs in the mentioned disease areas are discussed and realistically achievable research projects outlined.Considerable progress can be made in the field of ophthalmology and patient-relevant outcomes in the near future.

Die Inzidenz vom Mammakarzinom hat durch die Verbesserung der diagnostischen Möglichkeiten vor allem in den frühen Stadien zugenommen. Durch das zunehmende Verständnis des Mammakarzinoms als Systemerkrankung und durch die Entwicklung moderner Systemtherapien – zytostatische, endokrine wie immunologische Therapie-ansätze – ist die Überlebensrate der Patientinnen in den letzten Jahren deutlich gestiegen. Durch die zunehmende Effektivität der Therapien hat sich das Nebenwirkungsprofil verändert. Trotz einer Vielzahl von Supportivtherapien leiden betroffene Frauen oft noch Jahre nach der Erkrankung unter den Nebenwirkungen, die zu einer deutlichen Minderung der Lebensqualität führen. Um dem entgegen zu wirken hat sich eine große Anzahl von Arbeitsgruppen mit der Hypothese beschäftigt, inwiefern die Steigerung der körperlichen Aktivität eine Verbesserung der Lebensqualität auf diesen Ebenen bewirken kann. In der vorliegenden Arbeit wurden die Durchführbarkeit und die Compliance bei einem regelmäßigen, längerfristigen Aktivitätstrainingsprogramm und dessen Einfluss auf körperliche und kognitive Parameter sowie auf die Lebensqualität bei Frauen nach Mammakarzinom oder dessen Vorstufen untersucht. Die Studie konnte zeigen, dass die Compliance an einer Sport- und Bewegungsintervention über einen längeren Zeitraum teilzunehmen bei Mammakarzinompatientinnen in der Nachsorge hoch ist. Die Intervention führte zu einer Senkung des HbA1c -Wertes und somit ist davon auszugehen, dass körperliche Aktivität einen günstigen Einfluss auf den Glukosemetabolismus hat. Auf der kognitiven Ebene konnte eine Verbesserung der Konzentrationsfähigkeit und auf der körperlichen Ebene eine Steigerung der individuellen Leistungsfähigkeit erzielt werden.

Phenolic compounds such as catechol represent a particular type of micropollutant whose high stability prevents rapid decay and metabolization in the environment. We successfully cloned a catechol 2,3-dioxygenase (C2,3O) from Pseudomonas putida mt-2 and expressed it in Escherichia coli BER2566. The biomass isolated from shake-flask fermentations was used to partially purify the enzyme. The enzyme proved unstable in clarified liquid fractions (50 mM Tris buffer, pH 7.6) and lost more than 90% of its activity over 7 h at 25 °C. In the presence of 10% acetone, the process was slowed down and 30% residual activity was still present after 7 h incubation. Storage of the enzyme in clear liquid fractions also proved difficult and total inactivation was achieved after 2 weeks even when kept frozen at –20 °C. Lowering the storage temperature to –80 °C preserved 30% activity over the same period. Only minor reactivation of the affected enzyme could be achieved after incubation at 20 °C in the presence of FeSO4 and/or ascorbic acid. Activity loss seems to be due mostly to Fe2+ oxidation as well as to subunit dissociation in the tetrameric structure. However, complete degradation of 1.0 mM catechol could be achieved at 20 °C and pH 7.6 over a 3 h period when using a suspension of whole cells or alginate-encapsulated cells for the biotransformation. Contrary to the clear liquid fractions, these forms of biocatalyst showed no significant sign of inactivation under the working conditions.

The aim of this work is to use Monte Carlo simulations and VOXEL phantoms to estimate the absorbed dose in paediatric patients (aged from 2 weeks to 16 y), with normal renal function, to whom technetium-99m-dimercaptosuccinic acid ((99m)Tc-DMSA) was administered, for diagnostic renal scintigraphy purposes; and compare them with values obtained using the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) methodology. In the ICRP methodology, the cumulated absorbed dose in the kidneys is estimated by multiplying the administered activity with the corresponding given dose coefficients. The other methods were based on Monte Carlo simulations performed on two paediatric voxel phantoms ( ITALIC! CHILDand ITALIC! BABY), and another three phantoms, which were modified to suit the mass of the patients' kidneys, and other anatomical factors. Different ITALIC! S-values were estimated using this methodology, which together with solving the ICRP biokinetic model to determine the cumulated activities, allowed for the estimation of absorbed doses different from those obtained with the ICRP method, together with new dose coefficients. The obtained values were then compared. The deviations suggest that the ITALIC! S-values are strongly dependent on the patient's total body weight, which could be in contrast with the ICRP data, which is provided by age, regardless of other anatomical parameters.

Based on the tangible relationship of strangeness seen in the lines of communication between a deaf and a hearing individual, in which full comprehension of the (gestural) linguistic metaphors used among the deaf is not always assimilated, and vice versa, we will from the beginning put emphasis on the differences and ruptures between the fields of representation and communication. We will thereupon approach deafness as a relationship by deconstructing the view of disability, i.e. by granting privilege to the differences yet underscoring the equality of intelligence (the wise hearing individual versus the profane deaf). It is from this standpoint (the recognition of difference) that so-called profane knowledge gains visibility and importance in the upward climb to the expertise acquired by the deaf. Nevertheless, it is fundamental to know how to coordinate this recognition with the conquests of redistributive social justice. Finally, we explore the central role of the (deaf) mediator in the construction of meaning and citizenship, especially when dealing with the isolated deaf, with the objective of underpinning situations of marginality that, perhaps unintentionally, are shaped by the social project., JSSE - Journal of Social Science Education, 1-2013: Youth Civic & Political Participation & Citizenship Education in the Mediterranean: Lessons from the Arab Spring

This article aims to present a comparative study of the perception of multimodal texts, more specifically, advertisements printed in Brazilian and German magazines, by Brazilian learners of GFL(German as a Foreign Language) and German learners of PFL (Portuguese as a Foreign Language ), with special attention to the intercultural dimension involved in this process. Through the analysis developed in the study, it was possible to identify not only cultural aspects strictly related to language phenomena (as the use of personal pronouns and forms of treatment, for instance), but also more subjective cultural aspects (such as emotional states, the view about work, among others). This study also discusses the implications of the link between culture and language choices for the area of teaching and learning foreign languages / cultures.

A partir das contribuições da Teoria Crítica da Sociedade, de Theodor W. Adorno, o presente trabalho dedica-se a uma reflexão epistemológica e pedagógica sobre o tema do corpo e suas expressões, em especial no que se refere a dois de seus motivos originais: a questão da mimesis e a da rememoração da natureza no sujeito. Como resultado, destaca-se a posição dialética que o corpo ocupa no processo de esquecimento e denegação da natureza no sujeito, na medida em que, se a ideia de natureza e da memória do sujeito em relação a ela é expressão de uma subjetividade incerta e petrificada, por outro lado, no entanto, a partir da valorização do comportamento mimético no âmbito das práticas corporais, constitui-se a possibilidade de resistência aos imperativos da racionalidade instrumental.Based on the contributions from the Critical Theory of Society of Theodor W. Adorno, this paper makes an epistemological and pedagogical reflection on body and its expressions, specially on two original forces: mimesis and remembrance of nature in the subject. The body finds a dialectical place in the process of forgetting and refusing nature in the subject. If nature and the subject's memory are an expression of an uncertain and stoned subjectivity, mimetic behavior in corporal practices is however a possibility or resistance against instrumental rationality.

O artigo procura apresenta os argumentos centrais das principais correntes interpretativas da Filosofia Política de Hegel na Alemanha, França e no Brasil de forma a avaliar e demonstrar o potencial de diagnose de tal esforço teórico; ao mesmo tempo, objetiva-se demonstrar desde estes autores como uma análise da obra de Filosofia Política de Hegel revela-se atual mediante a articulação de seu sistema como um todo

HannahArendt.net, Vol. 5 No. 1 (2009): Human Rights and Responsibility

The European Vision Institute EEIG (EVI) creates a new legal entity based on Community law to facilitate and encourage cross-border co-operation in vision research. Its major objectives are to conduct and support research, training, health information dissemination and other programmes with respect to blinding eye diseases, visual disorders, mechanisms of visual function, preservation of sight and the special health problems and requirements of the blind and visually disabled. EVI aims to foster centres in the EU in capacity building for innovative projects, to increase the flexibility, attractiveness and competitiveness of research careers, especially for young researchers. In addition, EVI will serve to co-ordinate activities with patient organisations and to build a pan-European platform for clinical trials.

Generelles Ziel der Arbeiten war es, grundlegende Kenntnisse über das Verhalten von Druckholz im Vergleich zu Normalholz bei der Herstellung von mitteldichten Faserplatten (MDF) zu gewinnen. Zu diesem Zweck wurden am Beispiel von Fichtenholz (Picea abies [L.] Karst.) die Zusammenhänge zwischen den fasermorphologischen, physikalischen und chemischen Eigenschaften des für die Herstellung von MDF eingesetzten Holzes (Druckholz und Normalholz (Gegenholz)) bzw. der daraus nach dem thermomechanischen Aufschluss (TMP-Verfahren) gewonnenen Faserstoffe zum einen und den physikalisch-technologischen und chemischen Eigenschaften der daraus hergestellten MDF zum anderen untersucht. Die Ergebnisse können wie folgt zusammengefasst werden: Die durchschnittliche Tracheidenlänge von aus Druckholz gewonnenen Fasern war um ca. 15 % kürzer als die von Normalholzfasern. Ferner gaben fasermorphologische Untersuchungen an nach dem thermomechanischen Verfahren (TMP-Verfahren) gewonnenen Normal- und Druckholzfaserstoffen (TMP) Hinweise auf einen vergleichweise höheren Feinstoffanteil des Druckholzfaserstoffs. Wie erwartet, wies der Druckholz-TMP im Vergleich zum Normalholz-TMP einen um mehr als 15 % höheren Ligningehalt auf. Der aus Druckholz hergestellte TMP hatte gegenüber dem aus Normalholz hergestellten TMP ein um ca. 15 % geringeres Wasserrückhaltevermögen (WRV). Beide Faserstofftypen zeigten darüber hinaus gleich hohe pH-Werte in kaltwässrigen Auszügen. Ferner lagen bei beiden Faserstoffen die Pufferkapazitäten der kaltwässrigen Auszüge auf einem mehr oder weniger gleich hohen Niveau. Die Formaldehydabgabe der Druckholz-TMP lag auf einem niedrigeren Niveau als die der Normalholz-TMP. Aus Druckholz-TMP hergestellte MDF wiesen je nach Prüfdauer um etwa 20 ... 30 % geringere Dickenquellungsbeträge auf als aus Normalholz gestellte Platten. Ebenso lagen die Wasseraufnahmewerte der Druckholz-MDF unter denen der MDF aus Normalholz. Insofern bestätigt dieses Ergebnis vollauf die Ergebnisse der WRV-Messungen an Faserstoffen. MDF aus Druckholz-TMP hatten ferner deutlich höhere Querzugfestigkeitswerte (> 35 %) als aus Normalholz hergestellte. Hinsichtlich der Biegefestigkeit zeigten die aus Normalholzfasern hergestellten MDF vergleichsweise höhere Werte. Möglicherweise hängt dies mit dem höheren Anteil an längerfaserigen Normalholztracheiden zusammen. Die um mehr als 25 % höhere Oberflächenhärte (Brinell-Härte) der aus Druckholz hergestellen MDF ist womöglich auf den höheren Ligningehalt des Druckholzfaserstoffs zurückzuführen.

Phakic IOLs are currently under clinical investigation for the correction of high myopia with acceptable postoperative refractive results. Although daytime vision is usually very good some patients complain of visual disturbances, described as glare and halos, during the night time, leading to difficulties in driving vehicles.The quality of vision after phakic IOL surgery was investigated pre- and postoperatively using various tests for objective measurements of glare and halo in 40 myopic eyes (-9.0 to -20.0 D). Based on the implanted phakic IOL, eyes were divided into 4 groups of 10 eyes each where an Artisan 5.0 was implanted, an Artisan 6.0, a NuVita, and an ICL.All patients were happy with the postoperative refractive outcome and during daytime no visual discomfort was reported. In contrast, most patients reported visual disturbances during dim light conditions and at night time, described as glare and halos. The objective measurements showed in most eyes increased glare and halos which was most prominent in eyes with an ICL, followed by the NuVita IOL. In contrast, patients with an Artisan 6.0 reported significantly less glare and halo problems.All currently available phakic IOLs, in particular the ICL and the NuVita lead to a decreased visual performance during night time. Therefore, this phenomenon must be explained to the patient prior to surgery. An increase in the size of the optic should lead to an improvement with reduction of postoperative glare and halos.