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The article deals with the billing of an initial examination in the hospital when a stationary treatment is rejected against medical advice. It discusses whether billing for pre-stationary treatment without admission is legally permissible. It also addresses the legal regulations and contracts related to the remuneration of hospital services. It is determined that the claim for remuneration of a stationary treatment is dismissed because there is no effective legal basis. [Extracted from the article]

Copyright of Berliner Journal für Soziologie is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Berliner Journal für Soziologie is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

L’integrazione dei requisiti sostenibilità nella normativa di derivazione MiFID II, segnatamente nell’ambito delle regole organizzative e di condotta delle imprese che prestano i servizi di consulenza e di gestione di portafogli, genera una serie di interrogativi e problemi interpretativi e applicativi da cui può scaturire un conflitto tra due ugualmente validi obiettivi regolatori: quello della tutela del cliente, proprio della normativa ex MiFID II, e quello della sostenibilità a cui è finalizzato l’intervento integrativo della Commissione Europea. Il presente contributo ha lo scopo di esaminare se i rinnovati Orientamenti dell’ESMA su alcuni aspetti dei requisiti di adeguatezza della MiFID II del 3 aprile 2023 siano in grado di chiarire ed interpretare alcuni profili ‘azzardati’ della nuova disciplina onde bilanciare adeguatamente i suddetti obiettivi regolatori, impedendo che la sostenibilità diventi uno strumento nelle mani degli intermediari suscettibile di utilizzo a danno gli investitori in strumenti finanziari. / 𝑇ℎ𝑒 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑜𝑓 𝑠𝑢𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑏𝑖𝑙𝑖𝑡𝑦 𝑟𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑖𝑟𝑒𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑠 𝑖𝑛 𝑀𝑖𝐹𝐼𝐷 𝐼𝐼 𝑝𝑎𝑐𝑘𝑎𝑔𝑒-𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑑 𝑜𝑟𝑔𝑎𝑛𝑖𝑠𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑎𝑙 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑑𝑢𝑐𝑡-𝑜𝑓-𝑏𝑢𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑒𝑠𝑠 𝑟𝑒𝑔𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑎𝑑𝑣𝑖𝑠𝑒𝑟𝑠 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑝𝑜𝑟𝑡𝑓𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑜 𝑚𝑎𝑛𝑎𝑔𝑒𝑟𝑠 𝑙𝑒𝑎𝑑𝑠 𝑡𝑜 𝑚𝑎𝑛𝑦 𝑞𝑢𝑒𝑠𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑠 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑏𝑙𝑒𝑚𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑝𝑟𝑒𝑡𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑎𝑝𝑝𝑙𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛. 𝑇ℎ𝑖𝑠 𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑢𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑐𝑜𝑢𝑙𝑑 𝑔𝑒𝑛𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑒 𝑎 𝑝𝑜𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑖𝑎𝑙 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑓𝑙𝑖𝑐𝑡 𝑏𝑒𝑡𝑤𝑒𝑒𝑛 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑡𝑤𝑜 𝑤𝑜𝑟𝑡ℎ𝑤ℎ𝑖𝑙𝑒 𝑟𝑒𝑔𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑦 𝑜𝑏𝑗𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑠: 𝑖𝑛𝑣𝑒𝑠𝑡𝑜𝑟 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑡𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛, 𝑝𝑢𝑟𝑠𝑢𝑒𝑑 𝑏𝑦 𝑀𝑖𝐹𝐼𝐷 𝐼𝐼, 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑢𝑟𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑠𝑢𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑏𝑖𝑙𝑖𝑡𝑦, 𝑝𝑢𝑟𝑠𝑢𝑒𝑑 𝑏𝑦 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝐸𝑢𝑟𝑜𝑝𝑒𝑎𝑛 𝐶𝑜𝑚𝑚𝑖𝑠𝑠𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑟𝑒𝑔𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑦 𝑎𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑑𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑠. 𝑇ℎ𝑒 𝑝𝑢𝑟𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑒𝑠𝑠𝑎𝑦 𝑖𝑠 𝑡𝑜 𝑎𝑛𝑎𝑙𝑦𝑠𝑒 𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑟 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑒𝑤𝑒𝑑 𝐸𝑆𝑀𝐴 𝐺𝑢𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒𝑠 𝑜𝑛 𝑐𝑒𝑟𝑡𝑎𝑖𝑛 𝑎𝑠𝑝𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑀𝑖𝐹𝐼𝐷 𝐼𝐼 𝑠𝑢𝑖𝑡𝑎𝑏𝑖𝑙𝑖𝑡𝑦 𝑟𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑖𝑟𝑒𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑠 𝑜𝑓 3 𝐴𝑝𝑟𝑖𝑙 2023 𝑎𝑟𝑒 𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒 𝑡𝑜 𝑐𝑙𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑓𝑦 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑝𝑟𝑒𝑡 𝑠𝑜𝑚𝑒 '𝑟𝑖𝑠𝑘𝑦' 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑓𝑖𝑙𝑒𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑛𝑒𝑤 𝑓𝑟𝑎𝑚𝑒𝑤𝑜𝑟𝑘 𝑖𝑛 𝑜𝑟𝑑𝑒𝑟 𝑡𝑜 𝑎𝑑𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑙𝑦 𝑏𝑎𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑎𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑒𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑒𝑑 𝑟𝑒𝑔𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑦 𝑜𝑏𝑗𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑠, 𝑏𝑦 𝑝𝑟𝑒𝑣𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑠𝑢𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑏𝑖𝑙𝑖𝑡𝑦 𝑓𝑟𝑜𝑚 𝑏𝑒𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑎 𝑡𝑜𝑜𝑙 𝑖𝑛 𝑡ℎ𝑒 ℎ𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑚𝑒𝑑𝑖𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑒𝑠 𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑡 𝑖𝑠 𝑙𝑖𝑘𝑒𝑙𝑦 𝑡𝑜 𝑏𝑒 𝑢𝑠𝑒𝑑 𝑡𝑜 𝑑𝑎𝑚𝑎𝑔𝑒 𝑖𝑛𝑣𝑒𝑠𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑠 𝑖𝑛 𝑓𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑖𝑎𝑙 𝑖𝑛𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑢𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑠.

The article analyses the possibilities and limitations of VET-related research by international organisations and compares the European Centre for the Development of Vocational Training (CEDEFOP) and the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) in this context. Theoretically, the article refers to the concept of evidence-based research and its role in policy design. A catalogue of dimensions is developed for the comparison, which serves for the discussion to what extent and for what purpose evidence is generated that is intended to contribute to political decisions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Zeitschrift für Bankrecht und Bankwirtschaft is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The paper discusses normative issues that arise when scholars provide policy advice. Economics has a tradition, which goes back to the origins of the discipline in the enlightenment, of warning against value judgements in theory and making value judgements in practice. Policy recommendations in pursuit of "efficiency" do not provide a convincing justification for the practice; the distributional consequences matter even if they are kept under the rug. The more recent practice of using "efficiency" as a basis for descriptive analysis introduces a source of serious bias. The lack of a professional routine for choosing which tools are appropriate for studying a given sludge of facts makes for an additional reason to exercise caution. Whereas academic freedom precludes the imposition of such normative appeals from the outside, critical open discussion should provide a needed disciplining mechanism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Regular physical activity (PA) is effective in the primary and secondary prevention of noncommunicable diseases. However, PA levels of most people are still too low. Almost all current treatment guidelines recommend counselling and motivating patients to become more physically active. How can such counselling be implemented effectively and efficiently in general practice? Objectives: The authors provide an overview of the relevance of the topic, of studies and recommendations on the implementation and effectiveness of PA counselling by general practitioners (GPs), and drawing conclusions for GP practice and research. Materials and methods: Nonsystematic summary of the scientific and nonscientific literature on the topic. Results: Counselling on PA by GPs can provide an impetus to motivate patients to increase their PA levels. It can be delivered as brief advice and is particularly effective when including an offer of support, specific recommendations that can be implemented by the patients, and focused follow-up contacts. Studies often show structural barriers to the implementation of appropriate PA advice or counselling. These barriers represent research topics relevant to general practice. Conclusion: By offering brief advice on PA, GPs can make an important contribution to reduce the burden of chronic diseases. Therefore, effective strategies to strengthen GP-initiated promotion of PA should be developed. Relevant approaches of action comprise the improvement of structural conditions as well as the improvement of practical skills and confidence in implementing effective advice on PA for GPs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The development and use of new data sources and the linking of data open up new opportunities for economic research, particularly in conjunction with new empirical methods. The insights gained are an indispensable basis for valid, evidence-based policy advice, and they generate further direct benefits for public administration and citizens. This article uses best-case examples from other countries to show the potential of such innovations. The article also discusses the benefits generated by data innovations and the factors that would enable similar projects in Germany. In particular, the Research Data Act currently under discussion will provide a decisive foundation in this context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Berliner Journal für Soziologie is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article introduces exciting contemporary Czech authors, recent translations into German, and the library event series "Tschechien erlesen", which includes German-language readings and discussions with authors from the Czech Republic in public libraries in Berlin and Dresden. It shares practical tips and advice on sources of information relating to contemporary Czech literature, but also on types of support and subsidies to fund book tours with Czech authors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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For pupils who seek advice regarding personal problems, hotlines offer easily accessible counselling. But howcompetent are employees of such helplines?Do they provide real help? In the current empirical-quantitative study this question is pursued and employees of helplines are compared with other occupational groups who counsel (teachers, psychologists, social workers) as well as a sample of laypeople. Employees of helplines show the highest counselling competence. Laypeople and teachers perform worst without showing significant differences with regard to their knowledge about counselling. Practical implications are discussed, in particular concerning teacher education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article deals with the book "Die großen Fragen des Alterns" (The Big Questions of Aging) by Wolfgang Schmidbauer. The book addresses various questions about aging in the 21st century and criticizes modern society for not accepting and fighting against aging. Instead, Schmidbauer recommends forgetting oneself, turning to others, and discovering slowness. The article explores various aspects of aging and how one can be content in old age. The author, Wolfgang Schmidbauer, talks about the importance of everyday rituals and how they can help focus on the positive. He also discusses topics such as eroticism, communication, and psychotherapy in old age. Schmidbauer emphasizes the diversity of aging and warns against hasty generalizations. He recommends distancing oneself from destructive ideals and striving for essentials instead of expansion. The book offers a mixture of biographical, psychoanalytic, and wise advice and is aimed at people who want to achieve maturity in old age. [Extracted from the article]

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In ländlichen Gebieten haben sowohl Patient:innen als auch kleinere Krankenhäuser nur einen begrenzten Zugang zu fachärztlichen Spezialist:innen. Telekonsile sind bereits zwischen niedergelassenen Ärzt:innen und Kliniken etabliert. Die hier vorgestellten ergänzenden Konsultationspfade können Qualitätseinbußen kleiner Kliniken mindern, damit die Existenzberechtigung der Grundversorger stärken und so unnötige, belastende und kostspielige Doppeluntersuchungen vermeiden.

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Copyright of BIT: Banking & Information Technology is the property of ibi Research GmbH an der Universitaet Regensburg and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The topic of this study is the pragmatics of investment recommendations in German financial magazines. The target reader, mainly a private investor, expects a clear assessment of the quality of the investment product and a corresponding operative instruction regarding his investment decision (whether he should buy, sell or hold a certain stock, mutual fund, or bond). On the basis of a large corpus of over five thousand texts from the most important weekly magazines (Börse Online, Der Aktionär, Focus Money) it is investigated to what extent this text genre meets reader expectations. Investment recommendations show a potentially complex pragmatic structure including, among others, a headline, an evaluation of relevant arguments (pros and cons) and the operative instruction (buy/sell/hold). However, crucial elements may be missing or even give conflicting hints concerning the investment decision. Moreover, operative instructions often tend to be formulated as rather vague indirect speech acts, limiting the overall pragmatic user-friendliness. These apparent inconsistencies can be put down to a secondary pragmatic goal from the perspective of the writer: not only to give good advice, but also not to be held accountable for bad advice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Reflections on the challenges for science in crises have become an integral part of public policy and technology assessment (TA). The urgency and uncertainty of the COVID-19 pandemic brought up the question of how scientific disciplines and individual scientists can provide appropriate advice to decision makers and the public while maintaining transparency and independence. Because of the speed with which solutions had to be found, the range of questions narrowed and some topics were given priority over others. In many countries, decisions were made without broader public participation and without involving the wide variety of stakeholders. In the light of the waning COVID-19 pandemic and the surging climate crisis, it is time to consider how TA, its organizations, and networks can reasonably position themselves to achieve their goals under these conditions. This introduction presents the Special topic of this TATuP issue, in which four research articles explore the role of TA in crises from different perspectives.

Reflections on the challenges for science in crises have become an integral part of public policy and technology assessment (TA). The urgency and uncertainty of the COVID-19 pandemic brought up the question of how scientific disciplines and individual scientists can provide appropriate advice to decision makers and the public while maintaining transparency and independence. Because of the speed with which solutions had to be found, the range of questions narrowed and some topics were given priority over others. In many countries, decisions were made without broader public participation and without involving the wide variety of stakeholders. In the light of the waning COVID-19 pandemic and the surging climate crisis, it is time to consider how TA, its organizations, and networks can reasonably position themselves to achieve their goals under these conditions. This introduction presents the Special topic of this TATuP issue, in which four research articles explore the role of TA in crises from different perspectives.

Scientific policy advice is a special, hybrid type of scientific activity: science in its advisory function faces the conflict of having to present content in a scientifically credible, unbiased, and value-free form and, at the same time, to prepare it in a politically effective way, i.e., in a way that guides action and is publicly comprehensible. The resulting texts are therefore particularly interesting for approaching scientific research practices with regard to the question of how the struggle for epistemic quality and social legitimacy is reflected in their language and content in the (co-)construction of knowledge. Using exemplary cases, a current interdisciplinary DFG project investigates the practice of scientific policy advice in Germany in terms of form, content, and function from a linguistic and epistemological perspective.

The deconstruction of post-tensioned viaducts with a movable scaffolding system is an established method where conventional and blasting deconstruction cannot be applied. The report describes the components of the deconstruction MSS, the special features of this deconstruction method and the boundary conditions for the use of movable scaffolding systems against and in the direction of construction of the structure to be demolished, as well as the possibility of reusing the movable scaffold for the new construction. Interfaces to the bridge structure are defined and advices are given on the planning of such dismantling projects. Using the example of the Onsbach viaduct, a description of the dismantling procedure is given. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The University of Duisburg-Essen offers targeted advice for professionally qualified individuals who wish to study without a high school diploma. The advice covers topics such as entrance exams, study orientation, study financing, and balancing family, work, and studies. The university has established a central advisory center and offers telephone and Zoom consultations. There are also qualification and group programs available to fill knowledge gaps and address personal uncertainties. Study financing is also an important topic, and information is provided on BAföG regulations and scholarships. It is suggested to introduce a centralized entrance exam to facilitate exam preparation. [Extracted from the article]

The article examines the use of advisory media by parents and the various optimization modes that play a role in this. The authors conduct qualitative interviews with parents to identify the reasons for the use of advisory media and to examine the various optimization modes. It is found that advisory media appeal to the behavior of parents and offer improvements through information and advice. The study shows that advisory media represent a diverse landscape of optimization media that support parents in raising their children. [Extracted from the article]

The article describes a seminar at the Justus-Liebig-University in Gießen, where teacher training students were able to strengthen their competencies for inclusive physical education through wheelchair basketball. It emphasizes the importance of diagnostic competencies for teachers and how students can transfer and reflect on their knowledge in practice. The article also introduces the game variant JUROBACUP and provides practical advice on teaching wheelchair basketball. It emphasizes the importance of formative assessment for adapting instruction and provides guidance on implementing wheelchair basketball in a school and university context. The article highlights the importance of practical experiences and reflections in teaching to build professional competence in teacher training students. [Extracted from the article]

Copyright of Journal for Technology in Theory & Practice / Zeitschrift für Technikfolgenabschätzung in Theorie und Praxis (TATuP) is the property of Oekom Verlag GmbH and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Scientific policy advice provides a special framework for processing scientific uncertainties. Socio-political decisions often require a reliable scientific basis that can be used as orientation and legitimation for political decisions. On the one hand, policy advice takes place institutionalized (e. g. by the Office of Technology Assessment at the German Bundestag [TAB] and the National Academy of Sciences Leopoldina), but also in public media discourse, when scientists give interviews or inform about scientific topics in talk shows. The need for advice concerns future actions and is thus closely linked to uncertain knowledge and the providing of forecasts, i. e. a look into the future. In this article, we focus on the practices of consulting and forecasting in the context of policy advice and capture them in their differentiations as well as show what role uncertain knowledge plays in their argumentation. In addition, we analyze to what extent the formulation of prognoses and advice is influenced by the genre and media context of the statement (expert opinion vs. interview / talk show, i. e. also: written and oral contexts). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of E-Beratungsjournal is the property of E-beratungsjournal.net and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)