1. MR-Sicherheitsbewertung von aktiven implantierbaren medizinischen Geräten
- Author
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Aissani, Sarra, Laistler, Elmar, Felblinger, Jacques, Imagerie Adaptative Diagnostique et Interventionnelle (IADI), Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Medizinische Universität Wien = Medical University of Vienna, Centre d'Investigation Clinique - Innovation Technologique [Nancy] (CIC-IT), Centre d'investigation clinique [Nancy] (CIC), and Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy (CHRU Nancy)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy (CHRU Nancy)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)
- Subjects
Cochlear Implants ,Magnetic Fields ,Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ,[INFO.INFO-IM]Computer Science [cs]/Medical Imaging ,Humans ,Computer Simulation ,[SDV.IB.MN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Nuclear medicine ,Prostheses and Implants ,Magnetic Resonance Imaging ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS ,[SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology - Abstract
Increasing numbers of patients with active implantable medical devices (AIMDs) require magnetic resonance (MR) examinations. The manufacturers are continuing to improve the MR compatibility of their AIMDs. To this end, a variety of measurement methods and numerical simulations are used to evaluate the risks associated with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).In this article, test methods used to investigate interactions between AIMDs with radio frequency fields and time-varying magnetic gradient fields are reviewed.A literature review of known test methods for radio frequency and gradient field exposure of AIMDs with leads, in particular for neurostimulators, cochlear implants, and implanted infusion pumps, is presented. The state of the art and promising methods are discussed.ISO/TS 10974 describes the design of high frequency and gradient injection setups to test conductive materials. A large number of sensor designs have been published to measure the induced voltages and currents through radio frequency and gradient fields and for monitoring AIMDs during MR examinations in in vitro tests.The test methods should be planned to be as conservative as possible to cover the worst case scenario. However, in vitro measurements and computer simulation are far from being able to cover all possible configurations in their complexity and uniqueness. For safer MR examinations, current research recommends in vivo testing prior to MR, parallel radiofrequency transmission techniques, and new sequences with reduced energy input in the presence of AIMDs.
- Published
- 2019