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The article "Learning Through Practice: On How Kemyt Contributed to Crafting and Transmitting Scribal Knowledge" by Aurore Motte examines the practices of ancient Egyptian scribes and how they transmitted their knowledge. It analyzes the structure of the Kemyt text and the choice of ink and writing direction used. It is determined that there was a complex network of scribes who contributed to the development and transmission of written knowledge. The Kemyt text has been found in various materials and regions of Egypt and describes different features of the Kemyt specimens found in Deir el-Medina. Various types of corrections and revisions in Egyptian literary texts are also described. The texts demonstrate the changes in literary culture during the New Kingdom. Various aspects of Egyptian script and language are also addressed. [Extracted from the article]

This paper explores how students build narrative in collaborative reading processes using the picture book Wazn Teez? (Ellis 2017) to construct the narrative in collaborative reading processes. The focus is on their linguistic and school experiences as well as the differences in interaction in the construction of meaning. Students with Arabic, German and Russian as their first languages were examined in an exploratory study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Die Erwartungen der Arbeitgeber bezüglich der Fremdsprachenkenntnisse, die steigende Mobilität in der Arbeitswelt, die Spezialisierung der Arbeitsfelder sowie internationale Projekte haben dazu beigetragen, dass die Nachfrage nach fachspezifischen Fremdsprachenkenntnissen steigt. Das größte Problem stellt der Mangel an qualifizierten DaF-Lehrern Maskuline Personenbezeichnungen werden im ganzen Beitrag im generischen Sinne verwendet und beziehen sich sowohl auf weibliche als auch auf männliche Personen. dar, die imstande wären, den Erwartungen der Lernerzielgruppe zu entsprechen. Als Reaktion auf den steigenden Bedarf an Fachsprachenlehrern wurde im Institut für angewandte Linguistik an der Adam-Mickiewicz-Universität in Poznań ein neues Studienprogramm konzipiert, um künftige Fachsprachenlehrer auszubilden und mit einem adäquaten Instrumentarium auszustatten. Im vorliegenden Beitrag wird die neue Konzeption mit einer genauen Beschreibung der angebotenen Fächer vorgestellt. Als Einführung wird eine Skizze des Status des Deutschunterrichts und der Germanistik in Polen präsentiert. Darauf aufbauend werden die möglichen Karrierechancen für Germanistikabsolventen in Polen dargestellt. Den abschließenden Teil der Überlegungen bildet eine Meinungsbefragung von Studenten der Spezialisierung zur Beurteilung des neuen Angebots der Universität. Employers' expectations of foreign language skills, increasing mobility in the working world, the specialization of fields of work, and international projects have contributed to a rise in the demand for specific language skills. In most cases, this leads to dissatisfaction with their professional careers. In response to the growing need for language teachers, a new study program was developed at the Institute for Applied Linguistics at Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań to train future language teachers and provide them with an adequate set of tools. The present paper presents the new concept with a detailed description of the subjects offered. As an introduction, a sketch of the status of German literature and German studies in Poland is presented. Based on this, potential career opportunities for German-speaking graduates in Poland are outlined. The paper concludes with a discussion of students' assessment of the university's new program. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Das Studium in Schweden und somit auch das Deutsch- bzw. Germanistik-Studium sieht eine Wissenschaftsorientierung von Beginn an in allen Bereichen der Lehre vor, d. h. auch in Lehrveranstaltung zu Sprachfertigkeit und zur Landeskunde der deutschsprachigen Länder. Der vorliegende Beitrag beschreibt zunächst diese spezifischen Hintergründe, um sich sodann mit der Frage auseinanderzusetzen, wie die Lehre der Landeskunde an schwedischen Universitäten stärker wissenschaftsorientiert gestaltet werden kann. Einblicke in Curricula und Unterrichtspraxis sowie Daten aus einem kürzlich abgeschlossenen Dissertationsprojekt verdeutlichen zudem das Potenzial kulturwissenschaftlich orientierter Landeskunde-Ansätze für eine explizite Wissenschaftsorientierung. In Sweden, university studies and hence also German Studies require research-based teaching on all levels. This even includes regular language courses and courses on Landeskunde, i.e. on culture, history and society. This paper describes the specific context of German Studies in Sweden and demonstrates how seminars on Landeskunde can be developed in an even more research-oriented way. By analysing existing curricula and specific teaching practices as well as by utilising results of a recently completed PhD project this paper delivers new insights into teaching German at Swedish universities and illustrate the learning potential of a cultural-studies-based concept of Landeskunde for research-oriented teaching. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper focuses on the specifics of the general and business language training in the modern business services industry in Poland. The primary research objective is to determine the relevant characteristics of the outsourcing branch in the internal, general and professional training. These are relevant in terms of adapting, updating or modifying German as a foreign language-oriented teacher training in German Philology studies in Poland. Thus innovative, contemporary tailor-made didactic solutions, methods, means and techniques can be implemented, and graduates can be provided with more efficient professional language training. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Starting from the role of listening comprehension in foreign language teaching, this paper illustrates the importance of phonological competence in general and prosody in particular in facilitating the auditory decoding process. Subsequently, the new phonological control scale in the companion volume of the CEFR is presented, which, in contrast to the previous scale, also emphasises the suprasegmental aspects of language. These are crucial in the receptive phase to break down the flow of language into smaller units of meaning, which are easier to process in short-term memory and thus support the decoding process. Finally, micro listening exercises are shown, created with authentic material and designed to promote receptive prosodic competence in German as a foreign language. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With increasing migration and mobility, German at the workplace has become an important topic in the field of German as a foreign Language/German as a second language. Vocational language skills can be measured with the help of various tests for the profession. The Goethe-Test PRO: German for professionals (GTP) is one of those tests that provides evidence of vocational language skills. This article first deals with the vocational orientation, the test format and the adaptive test procedure of the GTP. The second part of this paper is devoted to the description of its psychometric quality. Finally, the results are discussed with regard to the relevance of vocational tests for German as a foreign language. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Numerous research papers have already addressed the question of why and how phraseology can be integrated into Teaching German as a First, Second, or Foreign Language. It is argued that phraseologisms - just like single words - belong to the lexical inventory and are therefore essential for both text reception and text production. In addition to more theoretical contributions, there are also practice-oriented studies that show how tasks/exercises with codified and modified phrasemes can serve vocabulary expansion on the one hand, and support the teaching of phonetics, morphology, and syntax on the other. However, little attention has been paid so far to the question of what role phraseologisms play, for example, in language disorders caused by dementia. Can targeted exercises, such as phraseological games, be used as 'linguistic remedies' against dementia? The present paper examines this topic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The therapy of children with a disability is mostly complex and interdisciplinary. Due to occurring stagnations, affected parents also use alternative options to support their child, like animal-assisted therapy. In the context of children with a disability dolphin-assisted therapy (DT) is often cited. The present paper describes that form of therapy. Theories and studies about the effectiveness are reported. Finally a case report about a girl with succinic-semialdehyde-dehydrogenase-deficiency (SSADHD) and her linguistic abilities before and after a DT is presented. During the data acquisition, a triangulation of methods (parent-interviews, questionnaires, tests) as well as hospitations in the DT-sessions were performed. The post-testing showed effects in speech comprehension and participation in daily life. Because their promotion was not explicitly part of the DT, it remains unclear, to what the effects can be traced. The results are critically discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main objective of this study is to analyse the influence of the principle of verification on religious language and the solutions produced for the problem of verification. What makes this subject important is the fact that, especially in logical positivism, religious assertions are claimed to have no meaning as they cannot be verified. However, ordinary language philosophy has shown that languages have many uses, and verification is not the necessary condition for an utterance to have a meaning. Therefore, the focus of this paper is on ordinary language philosophy, along with the nature of religious language. Besides, the principle of falsification is included so as to ensure a comprehensive evaluation on the subject matter. The problems of reference, meaning and truth in religious assertions are covered and the possibility of a semantic theory for religious language is discussed. Additionally, the applicability of some approaches, such as speech acts, conventionality and language games, in ordinary language philosophy to religious language is examined. Finally, objections to the approaches mentioned are evaluated, and having underlined the difficulties in establishing an efficient religious language, some proposals are put forward. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses various books on the topic of German as a foreign language for the workplace. The anthology "Der Betrieb als Sprachlernort" by Sander and Efing examines the significance of the workplace as a place for language learning. The monograph "Deutsch für den Beruf. Eine Einführung" by Niederhaus is a standard work in the field of professional and subject-specific German instruction. Another book covers various chapters on reading, writing, speaking, and listening in a professional context, as well as methodological and didactic approaches for language instruction. All of these books contribute to the enrichment of the field of German for the workplace. [Extracted from the article]

In this paper, all types of phraseologisms in web texts for adolescents are investigated. Special attention has been paid to non-codified phraseological units, more specifically the occurrence of adolescent language features in these texts. Some of these phraseological units contain, for example, anglicisms, much favoured among the young. It is shown that not all common phraseologisms are listed in current dictionaries, but also that new phraseologisms often represent variations of old ones. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents results of contrastive research of phraseological neologisms in German and Ukrainian. The research aimed at a conceptual analysis of phraseological neologisms used in digital media during the coronavirus pandemic in Germany and Ukraine. It was conducted in two steps: the description of structural-semantic features of selected phraseological units in both languages, and, by contrasting them to existing neologisms, the determination of their equivalence types. The material basis is formed with 96 German and 60 Ukrainian phraseological neologisms from the years 2020-2021. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper focuses on the connection between constructivist learning in German as a foreign language and the use of task-based learning activities in hypermedia learning environments for enriching vocabulary work in the field of phraseology. Using examples from classroom practice, we present and critically reflect upon the possibilities for implementing a constructivist learning culture in phraseology-related vocabulary work [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper deals with selected aspects of current DaF textbooks in between linguistics and didactics in two ways. First, we ask how to verify the pragmatic elements of communication in a foreign language textbook. Second, we look at a study dealing with speech acts in DaF textbooks. In this sense, we examine a methodological-theoretical question related to speech act theory, and also discuss an analysis of selected textbooks. The subject of this analysis is macrospeech act instruction and speech acts in conversations in DaF textbooks. The results show that the spectrum of speech acts is quite complex, even if, for the development of pragmatic competence in German learners, a more extensive variety of speech acts would be desirable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article deals with current aspects of teaching foreign languages in tertiary education for specific purposes, with reference to new digital technologies, which bring completely new dimensions into the output of foreign-language learning at universities. This paper theoretically and methodologically analyses an effective use of digital media-based teaching and learning methods in acquiring languages for specific purposes, both in classroom and in self-learning. Furthermore, we focus on how digital media can support and develop individual foreign language competences and skills. Finally, a concrete media-supported learning scenario is presented as an illustrative example of the so-called hybrid learning concept. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, German as a foreign language (DaF) has been intensively debated with regard to certain deficits in cultural mediation, with the aim of (re-)integrating cultural content in teaching DaF. This article discusses the reasons for the unsatisfactory state of affairs, and points out the important role of Cultural Theory in teaching, and the potential use of the concept of Linguistic Landscapes (as developed in Cultural Studies) to open up new perspectives for DaF teaching by accentuating the close connection between language and culture. In the second part of the paper the didactic potential of this concept is clarified by introducing several suggestions for lessons. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper addresses the question of how to determine the significance of literature - i.e. the artistic use of language - for language. Is the artistic use of language constitutive for language and linguistic understanding more generally? I seek to answer these questions by, first, distinguishing between linguistic articulation (of structures in the world) and linguistic explication (understood as the linguistic thematization of language itself). This makes it possible to, second, view linguistic explication as an irreducible dimension of language. Against this background, we can conceive the artistic use of language as a specific type of explication that has genuine relevance for the use of language more generally, because literary texts enable us to distance ourselves from the structures of articulating language. In this sense, literature has to be understood as a means of realizing freedom that is inscribed into language as such. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In an era of modern technology, a human is in constant contact with a variety of informational and communicative technologies. A school place is not an exception here, therefore there is a constant need for new methodical and didactic approaches in this area. An example of good practice that includes modern technology in the educational process is a work with digital working sheets. This paper was writt en to introduce a working method with digital sheets as a new form of work in a classroom where German is taught as a second language. In the introductory part the paper presents, among other things, how countries like Germany and Slovenia are successful in their inclusion of informational and communicative technology in the educational process. The theoretical part also tries to defi ne the digital working sheet. In the following part of the paper a step-by-step preparatory process of a digital working sheet is introduced in more detail. Individual steps are illustrated with practical examples followed by tasks. These namely enable an integrated teaching and interdisciplinary interconnection of knowledge, and make sense of the usage of a working method with digital sheets in a language classroom. In this way the development of key competences in learners is stimulated, to which, in a modern technology era, indubitably also the digital competence belongs. The following chapter focuses on some advantages of usage and work with a digital working sheet such as, for example, autonomous learning, where each individual can be active in completion of working sheet and in search for the Internet information in his/her own tempo and extent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the functions and different frequency of blendwords in contemporary German, English and Japanese, respectively. It is shown that blendwords in the three languages investigated have a role that extends far beyond the simple filling of lexical gaps, particularly concerning Japanese. In addition, blendwords frequently take the place of an existing equivalent in the respective mother tongue where they perform various functions such as attention seeking or getting devices and for euphemistic effect. Drawing largely on the evaluation of data from internet corpora and their frequency as well as on the specific characteristics of the three languages and their speakers' attitudes towards them, this paper attempts to conclusively prove different extents of tendency concerning the formation and usage of blendwords. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The preposition durch has several semantic forms of appereance: a spatial, a temporale, a mediale and a causal. The causal interpretation of the preposition durch is less or even not known - it is frequently identified with its spatial meaning. The fact that the preposition durch also has other meanings is in most papers not even mentioned and thereby unknown for many readers and learners. Precisely therefore this article describes the preposition durch in its causal meaning. Its other semantic variants, as well as the definitions and explanations of the terms will be, in order to present a full view in this problem, considered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on recent developments within the field of discursive psychology that integrate the works of Bakhtin, the present paper discusses the dialogical self with regard to early infancy research. It draws on examples from a comparative study of mother-infant interactions among North German middle class families and Cameroonian Nso to illustrate the potential of a dialogical approach to language and self for developmental psychology and to demonstrate empirical ways of studying child development from this perspective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper looks at the potential of language to change social structures and conditions. I reconstruct Judith Butler's concept of a language's performativity and present recent examples which show the inherent potential of language and its effects on a society if people use their language in specific ways and therewith actively shape their social surroundings. I demonstrate how Butler uses Louis Althusser's model of interpellation, John L. Austin's theory of performative speech acts and Jacques Derridas concepts of iteration, différance and the event to formulate her own concept of language and society. It will become manifest that she can analytically include both stability and dynamics as characteristic elements of societies. Language as the constitutive element both for changes of social conditions and for their (temporal) stabilization is understood as an active means for performing these transformations and stabilizations. Thus, a genuine emancipatory and critical potential which can be conceptualized with Butler's concept of performativity is inherent in language. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is not language but speech that is claimed as the subject matter of psychology. Psychoanalysis represents the most important projects to investigate speech. In this paper, the psychoanalysis of Jacques Lacan is given priority. He explicitly incorporated the social sphere into psychoanalysis by ways of putting the speaking subject in the center of social theory reflexions. Lacan's discourse in this article becomes the discourse of the media and as such represents the post-democracy and the unfolding of the discourse of power. As such, subjectification becomes understandable as defrayment of the paroles of the discourse of power. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The central research question for this paper is how and to what extent translation theories affect the translation of legal texts. I will use the functional-pragmatic approach as one particular modern translation theory and investigate translation solutions in the field of lexical and syntactic problems on the basis of a small corpus of legal texts from the National translator’s exam. As a means of control I compare these solutions with suggested solutions of a small number of candidates preparing themselves for the exam and of some translation experts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents information about the use of rhetoric in the sciences. Particular attention is paid to the relations between the theory of knowledge and the public presentation of research. A discussion is given of the role of rhetoric in distinguishing between scientific arguments. Rhetorical aspects of invention and argumentation are also examined, and a retrospective of classical rhetoric is presented. Additionally, a response is given to a social-text parody academic paper composed by New York University physics professor Alan Sokal.

This paper deals with the origins of the Christian terminology in the languages spoken in Old Livonia, i.e. Estonian, Livonian (both Finno-Ugric) and Latvian (Baltic, Indo-European). The older Christian layers of the Estonian, Livonian, and Latvian languages show that the first contacts with Christianity were with the Greek-Catholic Church through Russian and Byelorussian missionaries in 1000-1200. It is also argued that the mission was religious-cultural and peaceful. It was followed by the Roman-Catholic military (re-)christianisation in the form of a crusade with fire and sword. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]