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Copyright of Reproduktionsmedizin is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Nowadays mandibular advancement splints (MAS) represent an evidence-based therapy for the treatment of mild to moderate obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and in patients with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) intolerance according to international guidelines. When using MAS in the treatment of OSA it is essential for the effectiveness of the therapy that the splints are fitted by a dentist with advanced training in sleep medicine and that validated, custom-made MASs from individual impressions are being used. The clinical procedures for oral appliance therapy are described as well as the interdisciplinary collaboration between the sleep physician and the dentist. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Monatsschrift Kinderheilkunde is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In Fig. 1 we have reproduced the action spectrum of photomorphogenesis in fern gametophytes ( Dryopteris filix-mas (L.) Schott). The morphogenetic index L/W is shown as a function of wavelength ( L=length, W=maximal width of the protonema). In experiments in which simultaneous irradiation with red and far-red was applied it has been shown (Fig. 2) that the effect of red light (lowering of the L/W-index) can be nullified by a simultaneous application of a suitable quantum flux density of far-red light. This fact means that the effects of red and far-red light on morphogenesis as measured by the L/W-index (Fig. 1) can be attributed exclusively to phytochrome. The strong morphogenetic effect of short wavelenth visible (=blue) light (strong lowering of the L/W-index) cannot be influenced by simultaneously applied far-red light (Fig. 4), whereas red light cancels the effect of blue light to a certain extent as measured by the L/W-index (Fig. 5). It has been concluded that the effect of blue light is due to a photoreceptor other than phytochrome, probably a flavoprotein. The antagonism between blue and red can be understood if we assume that the phytochrome-mediated growth at the tip of the apical cell of the protonema (e.g. Etzold, 1965) is fully promoted by P only at a high relative concentration of P. The low relative concentration of P under far-red light is too low to counteract significantly the blue light dependent response. Blue light initiates isodiametric growth of the apical cell instead of tip growth ( Mohr, 1965). Under far-red light (a low level of P) growth of the apical cell seems to be restricted to the extreme tip of the apical cell. Slender protonemas with a high L/W-index are the result. Under red light (a high level of P) the growing zone of the apical cell is somewhat broader. As a consequence the protonemas are broader and the L/W-index is lowered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Rheuma Plus is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Morphogenesis and metabolism of the early gametophytes (=sporelings) of the common male fern are controlled by light. The 'normal' two-dimensional development of the gametophytes takes place only in white or blue light; in red light alone, on the other hand, the sporelings remain filamentous even under conditions of equal photosynthetic rate. The problem has been whether blue light exerts its morphogenic influence through differential gene activation. In other words: does blue light mediate the synthesis of 'morphogenic enzymes' which are required for 'normal' morphogenesis. In an earlier paper ( Drumm and Mohr, 1967) we have shown that blue light increases the rate of RNA synthesis within an hour whereas the first indication of a morphogenic change due to blue light is only discernible about 3 hours after the onset of blue light (Figs. 1,2). Furthermore we have shown ( Mohr, 1965) that Actinomycin D specifically inhibits the blue light mediated morphogenic alterations, and Bergfeld (1967) has shown that blue light will rapidly lead to changes in nuclei and nucleoli in the fern sporelings. In the present paper it has been shown that blue light does increase the rate of protein synthesis about an hour after the transfer of the sporelings from the red into the blue light of equal quantum flux density (350 pE·cm·s).The rate of protein synthesis was measured in shortterm experiments (40min) using CO. The photosynthetic rate was the same in red and blue; it was not influenced by the transfer(Fig. 3). Likewise the rate of C incorporation into the pool of free amino acids was not significantly different in red and blue light (Fig.4). On the other hand, the rate of incorporation of C into the protein increased rapidly after the transfer of the sporelings from the red into the blue light (Fig. 5). The same phenomenon (no influence of blue light on the specific activity of the free amino acid; a strong promotive influence on the specific activity of the protein-bound amino acid) was observed in the case of alanine which was investigated in detail (Figs. 6, 7). Since the increase of the protein content of the sporelings is not significant during the first six hours after transfer to blue light (Fig. 8) the protein induced by blue light and directly related to morphogenesis can only be a very small fraction of the total protein of the sporeling. The data strongly support the hypothesis ( Ohlenroth and Mohr, 1964), that the morphogenic effect of blue light on the fern sporelings is due to the induction of 'morphogenic enzymes' by blue light. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Previous results had shown that vertically directed polarized red light orients the growth of horizontally growing chloronemas of Dryopteris filix mas (L.) Schott in either direction perpendicular to the plane of vibration, i. e. the electric vector. This polarotropic response has been investigated more closely. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

High-resolution solid-stateSi-MAS-NMR spectra of binary potassium silicate glasses nKO·SiO (0⩽ n⩽1) have been investigated. The qualitative interpretation suggests the validity of the Q/ Q concept without statistical distribution of the different Q units. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In fern gametophytes (= sporelings) there is a strong correlation between the degree of blue light mediated photomorphogenesis and the protein content of the organism (cf. Mohr, 1963). In a previous paper ( Payer et al., 1969) we have shown that blue light specifically increases the rate of protein synthesis in the fern sporelings over the rate which is maintained under red light. - In the present paper blue light mediated protein synthesis has been dealt with further using one representative amino acid, alanine, which was labelled with C from CO under steady state conditions of photosynthetic C incorporation under blue or red light. Synthesis of free alanine is proportional to the rate of photosynthesis (Table 1). For a number of reasons we conclude that alanine is derived directly from primary photosynthetic products. Since the pool size of the thoroughly C-labelled pool of free alanine is much less than the actual, pool size of this amino acid, (Table 1), and since the specific activity of the isolated C-alanine is much below the value we can expect on the basis of the specific activity of the CO applied we conclude that there are separate pools of free alanine; 'active' (with respect to protein synthesis) and 'inactive' pools which do not mingle. Taking into account this possibility of compartmentation of pools of free amino acids we have calculated in the case of C-alanine the rate of protein synthesis for two extreme instances (Table 2). A comparison of the theoretical values with the actual data indicates that indeed protein synthesis is fed from 'active' pools of amino acids while the 'inactive' pools are possibly located in the vacuoles. The total pool of alanine is much larger in red grown than in blue grown sporelings while the active pools seem to have the same size under both conditions. The cells of the red grown sporelings have much larger vacuoles than the cells of the blue grown sporelings. The rate of protein synthesis is under our conditions 1.8 times higher in blue light than in red light. The rate of turnover of the total protein is 0.29% per hour in the blue and 0.23% in the red light. The absolute turnover of protein is 1.5 times higher in blue light than in red light. It is concluded that the blue light mediated increase of protein synthesis is very real. Blue light must act specifically at the level of polypeptide synthesis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Background: The geriatric basic assessment in primary care (pcGBA) is performed in patients aged 70 years and above, exhibiting geriatric-specific morbidity, with the aim of systematically recording everyday problems and functional impairments. There is currently limited knowledge regarding the utility of pcGBA, as well as perceptions, acceptance, and application at the primary care level. Study aims and questions: Which components of a geriatric assessment are considered meaningful by general practitioners (GPs) and medical assistants (MAs), what is reported to be performed by the respondents, and who carries out which measures? Materials and methods: The survey was conducted among GPs and their MAs listed within the regional Associations of Statutory Health Insurance Physicians in Thuringia, Berlin, and Brandenburg using a self-designed and pilot-tested questionnaire. The Manageable Geriatric Assessment (MAGIC) and the geriatric screening according to LACHS were used as content bases, adapted to the circumstances of primary care. A fictitious case scenario and dichotomous response options were provided for assessment. Results and conclusion: A total of 890 physicians (response rate 16.1%) and 566 MAs participated in the survey. The pcGBA is performed and assessed differently in participating GP practices. According to the respondents, assessments of the psychosocial situation (50.8%) and medication status (62.6%) would predominantly be performed by GPs, standardized tests more frequently by MAs. Not all recommended contents and provided services of the pcGBA are considered useful by GPs and MAs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Morphogenesis and differentiation of the young gametophytes (=sporelings) of Dryopteris filix-mas are controlled by light. Blue light leads to the formation of 'normal' two-dimensional prothallia; under red light, however, the gametophytes grow as cellular filaments. Morphogenesis in blue light is connected with an increase in protein synthesis; in red light the protein content of the sporelings is markedly lower. The size of the chloroplasts is correlated with the protein content of the sporelings. In the present paper the diverse effect of chloramphenicol (CAP) and actidione (cycloheximide, ACT) was studied in connection with the formation of chloroplasts. ACT blocks the growth of the gametophytes, while the chloroplasts remain functional. On the other hand, CAP does not influence morphogenesis of the gametophytes. In particular the activity of the dividing apical cells remains untouched. Even when the light quality is changed during the development the corresponding specific effect of the light quality on morphogenesis is normal. The chloroplasts, however, become smaller, probably by inhibition of synthesis of structural proteins. But their synthetic activity is not completely suppressed. The specific blue or red light dependent morphogenesis is not changed, when protein synthesis in the chloroplasts is inhibited. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Biological solid-state NMR elucidates the structure and dynamics of biomolecules at physiological temperatures. It provides high-resolution structural information for a wide range of biomolecules and assemblies, from small membrane proteins embedded in a lipid environment, over fibrillar structures up to supramolecular assemblies. Recent developments allow for proton detection at fast magic angle spinning frequencies, which reduces the required sample amounts to a few hundreds of micrograms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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