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In Medieval Latin, the adjective armelinus, -na and the noun armelinus are attested in notarial documents and other texts from different regions of Western Europe, in a wide chronology. At first glance, both the name and the adjective are related to the classical Latin demonym Armenius, but this etymon does not explain several aspects of its form and function. The present paper reviews all the etymological hypotheses suggested so far and arrives at the proposal that armelinus could be the result of the adaptation of the Andalusian Arabic armaní ~ arminí 'Armenian (tissue)', after converging semantically with armini ~ ermini, derived from the Latin armenius '(skin of the) Mustela ermine'. The authors suggest that both terms - adjective and noun - could arise in the territories corresponding to the linguistic domain of Catalan and that they passed from there to Italy and the rest of Western Europe. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Upon entering the Oratory of the Rosary at St. Cita in Palermo, the viewer is immediately overwhelmed by an unexpected sensation of light and whiteness: this previously unstudied monochromy is a key characteristic of Serpotta's stucco decoration. This paper proposes a reading of the oratory as a liminal space -- one that requires a reconstruction of the ephemeral elements once present: the group of devout brothers; the ritualized actions they perform; daylight, candles and flowers. By imagining this original setting, the oratory becomes a monochrome preconception of a heavenly locus conclusus. White stucco, therefore, is employed as the material for divine presence, but instead of typically appearing in the vault, the divine lowers itself onto the walls and thus into the mortal world, creating a threshold space between heaven and earth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper contributes to the issue of how tradition intermingles with the innovative politics and ruling system of the Diocletianic tetrarchy. It focuses on the formative as well as on the dramatic, performative aspects of the past. The different modes of dealing with Roman history are to be shown by examples from four major classes of evidence: the monumental (Arch of Constantine), epigraphic, papyrological and rhetorical documents of the Later Roman Empire. Particularly the staged aspects of social interactions as reflected in this material turn out to be an obstacle for any change. Though concordia of the four emperors was omnipresent in tetrarchic propaganda, an inscription from the Egyptian island of Elephantine and a series of papyri from the Panopolite archive of the scholastikos Ammon show that interaction between individuals and the "local" Augustus remained in the field of personal face-to-face relationships. Its main characteristics can be grasped in stylized forms of gift exchange spanning occasionally many generations of a family and thus being part of the individual memoria: imperial letters are but reifications of that common history. In this way, Ammon's brother, the rhetor Harpokration, contributes with his pronouncing basilikoi logoi at the court of Diocletian to maintaining the status of his family as members of the local elite by imperial appointment to priesthood. His rhetorical gift to the emperor was an utterly valuable one: late antique panegyrics were strongly bound to tradition trying to inscribe the present into glorious Roman past, thereby naturalizing new forms of rule. But an analysis of Panegyricus Latinus X (AD 289) shows the difficulties and risks faced by rhetors thriving to find analogies to the dyarchic system in the days of Rome's beginnings. Constantine did much better in amalgamating traditional and innovating elements into a cogent display of power when celebrating his decennalia in the metropolis. His arch succeeded in formulating autocracy in a new code out of traditional elements, inserting his claim into a framework of well accepted signs and rituals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents the author's views on the paintings of Italian painter Michelangelo with reference to the book "Timaios," by author Plato. Topics discussed include paintings installed in chapels, false architecture of Sistine Chapel, history of chapel's architecture, and church in Italian Renaissance.

The article offers information on Austria and Hungary after the World War I. Topics discussed include researches on World War I, Italian army in Austria during the war, diplomatic corps of Italian government, participation of British trade unions in the war, territorial claims of Italy for separating Romania with Austria.

Copyright of Quellen und Forschungen aus Italienischen Archiven und Bibliotheken is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Quellen und Forschungen aus Italienischen Archiven und Bibliotheken is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Quellen und Forschungen aus Italienischen Archiven und Bibliotheken is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Quellen und Forschungen aus Italienischen Archiven und Bibliotheken is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Quellen und Forschungen aus Italienischen Archiven und Bibliotheken is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article presents a history of the architectural design process for the facade of the Reggio Emilia, Italy cathedral. The author imposes a chronology on the drafting of plans, selection and transportation of building materials, and commissioning of various architectural aspects for the cathedral. Note is taken of related research by architecture historians including Giovanni Saccani, Otello Siliprandi, and Giulio Zavatta.

The article presents an analysis of foreign language learning in Italian schools within the context of the stated European Union policy that students should be competent in two foreign languages in addition to the mother tongue. The author states that in Italian schools the English language is an integral part of the curriculum but that other languages are overlooked, a situation which must be changed. The author argues that action is needed at the level of the European Union for reform to take place in Italy. Referred to are works by linguistics professors Gerhard Stickel and Ulrich Ammon.