8 results
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2. Unglaubliche Genealogien: eine Neubestimmung.
- Author
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Bizzocchi, Roberto
- Subjects
GENEALOGY ,INTERNATIONAL relations ,ETHNOLOGY ,HISTORICAL source material ,TRUTHFULNESS & falsehood ,HISTORY - Abstract
Copyright of Quellen und Forschungen aus Italienischen Archiven und Bibliotheken is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Arktische Kohle: Das sowjetische Engagement auf Spitzbergen, 1928-1949.
- Author
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Frey, Felix
- Subjects
COAL mining ,SOVIET economy ,NATURAL resources & politics ,COAL miners ,GEOPOLITICS ,TWENTIETH century ,HISTORY ,RUSSIAN economy ,INTERNATIONAL relations - Abstract
To diversify the USSR's energy supply, a major objective of the Stalinist command economy, Soviet workers were sent to Norway's Svalbard (Spitzbergen) archipelago in 1931 to mine coal. Drawing on archival materials, this paper discusses the complex entanglement this resource extraction meant for Moscow, the Kola Peninsula, and Svalbard. The archipelago was by no means an Arctic sideshow: miners flooded the streets of Murmansk, in far northwest Russia, awaiting their departure to the archipelago, and Svalbard coal fueled the furnaces of the Kola Peninsula Murmansk is located on. Officials in distant Moscow tried to regulate the oft-problematic circulation of coal and workers, in the process reconfiguring the understanding of how coal and miners were interrelated both technically and socially. In 1946, matters reversed due to changed geopolitical objectives. Rather than having miners dig coal to be sent to Russia, the war-ravaged mines were rebuilt; now workers were sent to Svalbard in order to strengthen Soviet claims on the territory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
4. Die „Dritte Welt” als Theorieeffekt.
- Author
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Speich Chassé, Daniel
- Subjects
DEVELOPING countries ,INTERNATIONAL relations ,ENLIGHTENMENT ,ECONOMIC history ,IMPERIALISM ,TWENTIETH century ,HISTORY - Abstract
The notion of a "third world" rose to prominence in international political discourse around 1960 and vanished around 1990. It designated a group of countries aligned with neither of the two other worlds. I argue in this article that the term needs to be situated in a larger history of the perception of global difference at least as old as the Enlightenment. The peculiar career of the concept of the "third world" is connected both to changes in the order of knowledge and, more specifically, to the history of economic thought, of which it is an effect. The paper thus focuses on the emergence of the term around 1960 and investigates the irrelevance of economics in late colonialism as opposed to the prominence of economic experts in the post-1945 world order. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. The History of the Slovak-Hungarian 'Little War' and Its Interpretations in National Histories
- Author
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István Janek
- Subjects
History ,Diplomacy ,Slovak-Hungarian relations ,Slovak-Hungarian “Little War” ,Question of Sub-Carpathia ,International relations ,JZ2-6530 - Abstract
The events of the Slovak-Hungarian “Little War” are closely connected to the circumstances of Hungary’s re-annexation of Sub-Carpathia in March 1939, which took place under the motto of re-establishing a common Hungarian-Polish border. Corps belonging to the Carpathian section of the Hungarian army advanced into Sub-Carpathia and then proceeded to attack Slovak territories. Hungaryʼs official explanation for its occupation of Sub-Carpathia ran as follows: since Slovakia has become an independent state and thus Czechoslovakia no longer exists as a state, the Viennese arbitration is no longer valid. Hungary has won the right to exercise its claim to Sub-Carpathia. The military conflict between Slovakia and Hungary came to an end when Germany intervened and ordered the two parties to conduct bilateral negotiations with a view to reaching an agreement. At the negotiations on March 28, 1939, the parties agreed to end hostilities and to establish a neutral zone between the two armies. They also agreed that Hungarian troops might remain at their occupied positions. On March 28 the Slovak delegation announced claims on Hungarian territory by way of compensation, but the Hungarian government rejected these claims. Germany offered no support to the Slovaks on the border issue; indeed, on April 7 Slovak troops were even required to withdraw from various settlements on the Slovak side of the demarcation line. On April 3, 1939, the German Ambassador to Budapest, Otto von Erdmannsdorff, paid a visit to the Hungarian foreign minister, István Csáky; in the course of their discussions, the two men touched upon the issue of the border established with Slovakia. The Ambassador informed Csáky that the Slovak government had turned to Germany for support, but that it had been told that under the circumstances any attempt at the full restoration of the old border, which was Slovakia’s wish, would be futile. The German Ambassador then asked Csáky whether the Hungarian government would be willing to make certain territorial concessions. Csáky responded that this would be inconceivable — “where Hungarian soldiers have trodden, they will stay”. Hungary could keep the 60-kilometre long and 20-kilometre wide strip of land that it had taken from Slovakia. The Hungarian authorities attached the area of land Sub-Carpathia, of which it remained a part until 1944. In 1945 the newly re-established Czechoslovakia was obliged to surrender the railway line between Csap and Ungvár as well as the Ung line: the Czechoslovak-Soviet border — today’s frontier between Slovakia and Ukraine — was drawn ten to fifteen kilometres further west. During its engagements with the Slovak armed forces from March 23–28, 1939, the Hungarian army suffered 25 fatal and 56 non-fatal casualties; it captured 360 Slovak and 211 Czech/Moravian soldiers.
- Published
- 2015
6. The Attitude of Budapest to the Election of the President of the Republic in Czechoslovakia in December 1935
- Author
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Andrej Tóth
- Subjects
History ,20th century ,Politics ,Czechoslovakia ,Hungary ,Presidential election ,1935 ,Edvard Beneš ,János Esterházy ,Géza Szüllő ,Andor Jaross ,Kálmán Kánya ,International relations ,JZ2-6530 - Abstract
The goal of the study is to describe the attitude of Budapest to the election of the President of the Republic in Czechoslovakia in December 1935, electing the successor to Tomáš Garrigue Masaryk, the first President of the Czechoslovak Republic who had been in office long years. The election of the President of the Czechoslovak Republic in late 1935 was the first presidential election with active participation of the opposition and negativistic Hungarian minority legislators of the Czechoslovak National Assembly from both Hungarian minority parliamentary parties, the Land Christian-Socialist Party (OKSzP) and the Hungarian National Party (MNP) who had always cast empty votes in presidential elections until that time, to declare their negativistic attitude to the constitutional limits of the Czech Republic. In 1935, they even supported the presidential candidate Edvard Beneš, the Foreign Minister to whom the Hungarian minority political representation including the very Budapest had a very negative attitude as he had been one of the main architects of the Versailles rearrangement of Central Europe after World War I, refused by the Hungarians, as the Hungarian state had lost two thirds of its territory and about seven hundred and fifty thousand Hungarians landed in Czechoslovakia in position of national and non-state-constituting minority due to it. But in spite of that fact, the Hungarian minority legislators from OKSzP and MNP, with political support of Budapest, sided with Benešʼs candidacy; thus the Hungarian minority was the only one out of the two large negativistic national minorities of the Czechoslovak Republic of that time, besides the minority Germans whose representatives in the Czechoslovak Parliament, on behalf of the opposition and negativistic OKSzP and MNP parties took an activistic attitude, increasing the national-political and the foreign-political prestige of Edvard Benešʼs presidential mandate.
- Published
- 2015
7. El efecto de la opinión política temprana y las posiciones políticas en la política de Willy Brandt para América
- Author
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Michel, Judith
- Subjects
History ,United States of America ,qualitative empirical ,politisch-soziale Prägung ,politisches Amt ,Willy Brandt ,Amerikapolitik ,Vietnamkrieg ,US-amerikanische Lateinamerikapolitik ,hermeneutische Quelleninterpretation ,historische Biografieforschung ,political and cultural conditioning ,political office ,policy towards the United States of America ,Vietnam war ,North-American policy towards Latin America ,hermeneutic interpretation of sources ,historic biographical research ,Geschichte ,political socialization ,internationale Beziehungen ,Political science ,Brandt, W ,criticism ,evaluation ,Socialist International ,General History ,empirisch ,international relations ,political action ,historical ,Bundesrepublik Deutschland ,foreign policy ,international politics ,internationale Politik ,politics ,condicionamientos políticos y culturales ,cargos políticos ,internationale Beziehungen, Entwicklungspolitik ,ddc:900 ,allgemeine Geschichte ,Politik ,politische Sozialisation ,politisches Handeln ,Politikwissenschaft ,biography ,Federal Republic of Germany ,Bundeskanzler ,empirisch-qualitativ ,Federal Chancellor ,Kritik ,Außenpolitik ,Political Process, Elections, Political Sociology, Political Culture ,USA ,Biographie ,politische Willensbildung, politische Soziologie, politische Kultur ,Vietnam War ,historisch ,International Relations, International Politics, Foreign Affairs, Development Policy ,Lateinamerika ,Latin America ,ddc:320 ,Bewertung ,política hacia los Estados Unidos de América ,guerra de Vietnam ,política norteamericana hacia América Latina ,interpretación hermenéutica de las fuentes ,empirical ,sozialistische Internationale ,ddc:327 - Abstract
Der Beitrag untersucht anhand von zwei Fallbeispielen mittels der hermeneutischen Quelleninterpretation, inwiefern sich Willy BRANDTs frühe politisch-soziale Orientierung und sein jeweiliges politisches Amt auf seine Amerikapolitik ausgewirkt haben. Das Beispiel des Vietnamkriegs zeigt, dass sowohl seine frühe biografische Prägung als auch das Regierungsamt ihn dazu veranlassten, sich mit öffentlicher Kritik am amerikanischen Einsatz in Südostasien zurückzuhalten. In seiner Altkanzlerzeit traten hingegen einige während der Frühphase des Kalten Krieges entwickelte Orientierungen in den Hintergrund, während andere frühe Prägungen in modifizierter Form neu zum Tragen kamen. Er bewertete nun die amerikanische Lateinamerikapolitik wesentlich kritischer, was auch seinen Zielen als Vorsitzender der "Nord-Süd-Kommission" und Präsident der Sozialistischen Internationale entsprach. URN: http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:0114-fqs1102122, Based on two case studies and using the hermeneutic interpretation of sources, this paper analyzes how Willy BRANDT's early political and cultural orientation and his respective political offices influenced his policy towards the United States of America. The example of the Vietnam war illustrates that his early biographical conditioning, as well as his government office, caused him to restrain from public criticism of American involvement in Southeast Asia. As an elder statesman, after leaving the office of Federal Chancellor, some of the orientations which he had developed during the early phase of the Cold War faded into the background while other early conditionings gained new strength in a modified form. He now took a much more critical line on the American policy towards Latin America which was consistent with his aims as Chairman of the "North-South-Commission" and President of the Socialist International. URN: http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:0114-fqs1102122, Basado en dos estudios y mediante el uso de la interpretación hermenéutica de las fuentes, este trabajo analiza como temprana orientación política y cultural de Willy BRANDT y sus respectivos cargos políticos influyeron en su política hacia los Estados Unidos de América. El ejemplo de la guerra de Vietnam demuestra que su temprano condicionamiento biográfico, así como su cargo en el gobierno, lo llevó a abstenerse de criticar públicamente la participación de América en el sureste asiático. Como estadista maduro, después de dejar el puesto de Canciller Federal, algunas de las orientaciones que había desarrollado durante la primera fase de la Guerra Fría pasaron a un segundo plano mientras que los condicionamientos tempranos ganaron fuerza en una forma modificada. Ahora tomó una línea más crítica sobre la política estadounidense hacia América Latina, lo que era más consistente con sus objetivos como Presidente de la "Comisión Norte-Sur" y como presidente de la Internacional Socialista. URN: http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:0114-fqs1102122
- Published
- 2011
8. Transnationaler Menschenrechtsdiskurs am Beispiel der Kongo-Debatte zwischen 1879 und 1908
- Author
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Christophersen, Claas and Universität Hamburg, Fak. Wirtschafts- und Sozialwissenschaften, FB Sozialökonomie, Zentrum für Ökonomische und Soziologische Studien (ZÖSS)
- Subjects
allgemeine Geschichte ,19. Jahrhundert ,History ,non-governmental organization ,colonialism ,political domination ,nichtstaatliche Organisation ,politischer Konflikt ,Internationale Beziehungen ,Congo, Republic of the ,political conflict ,Geschichte ,ddc:330 ,Imperialismus ,Diskurs ,social actor ,reform ,human rights violation ,historisch ,General History ,Kongo ,International Relations, International Politics, Foreign Affairs, Development Policy ,historical ,Kolonialismus ,imperialism ,international politics ,discourse ,International relations ,internationale Politik ,internationale Beziehungen, Entwicklungspolitik ,internationalization ,nineteenth century ,Akteur ,Internationalisierung ,Menschenrechtsverletzung ,ddc:900 ,ddc:327 ,politische Herrschaft - Abstract
In den letzten Jahren ist die Bedeutung nicht-staatlicher Akteure, wie z.B. länderübergreifende Werte-Netzwerke, NGOs und Menschenrechtsorganisationen zunehmend in den Mittelpunkt des politikwissenschaftlichen Erkenntnisinteresses gerückt. Die These von der "Transnationalisierung des Politischen" ist nach Ansicht des Autors jedoch nur teilweise zutreffend, denn es lassen sich internationale Menschenrechtskampagnen bereits lange Zeit vor dem Ende des Kalten Krieges im Jahr 1989 ausmachen, wie zum Beispiel die Kongo-Debatte im Zeitalter des Imperialismus. Es gelang hier einem federführenden britischen Privatmann, E. D. Morel, und seiner internationalen "Congo Reform Association", den belgischen König Leopold wegen dessen Verstößen gegen die Menschenwürde der indigenen Bevölkerung zum Rückzug aus seiner kongolesischen Kolonie zu bewegen. Die Kongo-Debatte kann daher als ein historischer Vorläufer heutiger Auseinandersetzungen über die Rolle und den Stellenwert von Menschenrechten jenseits der nationalen Ebene verstanden werden, wie der Autor in seinem Beitrag näher zeigt. (ICI2)
- Published
- 2007
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