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In the past decade, financial inclusion has emerged as a leading international development paradigm to tackle poverty. It seeks to integrate all unbanked (adults) into the global financial system through credit and other financial services. From a political economy perspective, the rhetoric of financial inclusion has been criticised, among other things, for masking the financialisation of social reproduction in which (a) the unbanked become a new market segment for international capital and (b) households with low and insecure incomes must increasingly organise their precarious living conditions through debt. This paper builds on the critique of neoliberal development policy and supplements it with a materialist-postcolonial lens that examines the historical interconnectedness of the indebtedness of subaltern classes, colonial rule, and capitalist development in the context of India. It shows that financial inclusion/exclusion from the 19th century onwards was the response to a structural subsistence crisis that was decisively shaped by both British colonial rule and capitalist (class) relations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, vegetable grafting has emerged as a rapid tool in tailoring plants to adapt to climate resilient growing conditions. Utilization of grafting technique is increasing mainly in commercial cucurbitaceous vegetables viz., watermelon, cucumber, bitter gourd and muskmelon. These vegetables are preferably grafted with interspecific hybrid rootstocks for their seedling vigor, high degree of resistance against biotic and abiotic stresses. Moreover, the hybrid rootstock increases the yield of respective scions. To harness the potentiality of rootstocks, an attempt has been made to develop interspecific hybrid rootstocks by using 48 Cucurbita moschata and four Cucurbita maxima lines and hybridization was attempted through Line x Tester mating design. These 52 genotypes were collected from various diverse agro climatic regions of India and World Vegetable Centre, Taiwan, raised by following proper isolation distance and selfed to maintain the genetic purity. Using 48 Cucurbita moschata genotypes as lines and four Cucurbita maxima genotypes as testers, 192 interspecific hybrids were developed, out of which only 16 hybrids were fertile and in rest of the hybrids, cross incompatibility was observed. Among the lines, CMo 28, CMo 43 and CMo 44 were highly cross compatible with different Cucurbita maxima testers. Among the testers, CMa 49 and CMa 52 were highly cross compatible with different Cucurbita moschata lines. Among the fertile hybrid rootstocks, CMo 44 × CMa 52, CMo 28 × CMa 52 and CMo 43 × CMa 51 were identified as promising ones and used for graftingstudies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]