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The two volumes of these working papers include articles by linguists from Scandinavia and other parts of the world. Under the heading, "The Use of IT in Grammatical Analysis/Parsing" are five articles: "Creating Inflecting Electronic Thesauri"; "Tagging Speech Data--Constraint Grammar Analysis of Spoken Portuguese"; "A Constraint-Based Tagger for Norwegian"; "Swedish Constraint Grammar"; and "Two Two-Level Models of Norwegian." Under the heading "Functional/Cognitive Linguistics" are 12 articles: "The Subject is Nominative! On Obsolete Axioms and Their Deep Rootedness"; "Negation: A Cognitive Hurdle in Interpreting"; "Inflection Classes, Norwegian Verbs, and Cognitive Grammar"; "Conditionals in Institutional Settings"; "Different Competencies? A Comparison of the Productive and Receptive Languages of a Danish Agrammatic Patient"; "Some Reflections on Syntactic Structure and the Acquisition Process"; "Placement and Scope of Mainland Scandinavian Modal Adverbs"; "On Grammaticalization of Body-Part Nouns: 'Hand' in Finnish and Estonian"; "Some Pragmatic Properties of French Cleft Constructions"; "The Construal of the Scene: Selected Existential Constructions"; and one article each in German and Danish. Under the heading "Language in Interaction" are eight articles: "Overlap Management and Interactional Competence"; "Stereotypes in Action"; "Danish in Greenland -- a new Dialect? Preliminary Results From a Pilot Project"; "Meanings of the Word 'Work' in a Danish Unemployment Office"; "Codeswitching between Persian and Swedish"; and three articles in Danish. Under the heading "Endangered languages" are four articles: "How Fast Will a Language Die When It Is Officially No Longer Spoken?"; "Komi, an Endangered Language?"; "Phonetic Salience and Language Change: Verb Paradigms in Inari Sami"; and "Linguistic and Political Aspects of Alphabet-Making for a Threatened Language." All articles include a brief abstract in English. References appear throughout the articles. (KFT)

This collection of 24 articles explores how educational research, programs and policies in several countries are related to the issue of children's rights. Several of the collected articles focus on aspects of children's experience and development. Group membership, children's right to happiness, the development of an optimistic outlook among children, students' responsibilities, growing up at school, socialization, personality development, psychological effects of educational programs on immigrant children, the position of the teacher discussing controversial issues, the orientation of children toward work, child abuse and neglect, the human rights of the juvenile delinquent, and individual differences of children are among the topics discussed. Some of the articles explore social conditions and describe institutional practices. The relationship of class differences and equality of opportunity, educational practices and the rights of infants, education in the German Democratic Republic, sexual differentiation in educational programs, and problems of sanitation, education and society are among the topics discussed. Additionally, several articles examine the nature and methods of educational research and suggest future directions for such research. (Author/RH)