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The specific traits of the methodology of theology as well as the peculiarities of its scientific knowledge inevitably influence the extralinguistic and intralinguistic features of theological scientific works, which is especially reflected in the lexical layer. Tis paper deals with the analysis of the vocabulary of popular scientific theological works of eminent authors in the Serbian language in relation to academic papers as basic representatives of the scientific style of theology. The results obtained by statistical analysis of the vocabulary of the works of the two mentioned substyles enabled their contrastive analysis. In addition, atypical elements were pointed out – the expressive and emotional markers and stylistic figures of popular science theological works.

SYSTEMATIC BIBLIOGRAPHY OF PAPERS ON PUBLISHED DIALECT MATERIAL

The specific traits of the methodology of theology as well as the peculiarities of its scientific knowledge inevitably influence the extralinguistic and intralinguistic features of theological scientific works, which is especially reflected in the lexical layer. Tis paper deals with the analysis of the vocabulary of popular scientific theological works of eminent authors in the Serbian language in relation to academic papers as basic representatives of the scientific style of theology. The results obtained by statistical analysis of the vocabulary of the works of the two mentioned substyles enabled their contrastive analysis. In addition, atypical elements were pointed out – the expressive and emotional markers and stylistic figures of popular science theological works.

The history of the Ruthenians (Rusyns) in Southern Hungary, later in Yugoslavia, was in the focus not only of the authors who were members of this national community, but also of Hungarian, Ukrainian and Yugoslav scholars and historians. In the socialist Yugoslavia the most significant contribution to the historiography of the Ruthenians in the Serbian language was the project of the Institute of History of the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina – the papers of five historians with five different themes which are chronologically linked under a common title Iz istorije vojvođanskih Rusina do 1941. godine (From the History of Vojvodinian Ruthenians until 1941), published in the Almanac of the Society of Historians of Vojvodina in 1977. Although it has been more than four decades since the publication of this collection of papers, it has still not been critically presented and assessed. We think it makes sense and justification to present this work, even after long delays, at least in a basic outline, to show how much and in which direction it pushed the limits of new knowledge and to draw the attention of future researchers to some shortcomings, anachronistic and ideologically motivated attitudes and obvious material mistakes.

In this paper the author presents and describes the characteristics of the technique One Minute Paper and defines its advantages and disadvantages in language teaching. The present study confirms the effectiveness of the technique in science teaching and highlights its significant impact on improving the quality not only of teaching but also of knowledge of students in physics, mathematics, biology and medicine. The author has applied the technique in English language teaching and proves that it has a positive effect. The study included two groups of students, the experimental and the control group. The paper presents and explains the way in which the survey was conducted. The author also presents the results and confirms that the technique One Minute Paper has a positive impact and great importance in foreign language teaching.

In this paper I analyse caricatures of Hungarian and Yugoslav comic papers (Jež, Ludas Matyi, Új Szó, and Pesti Izé) between 1945 and 1947. I chose this source since the analysis of caricatures can demonstrate the functioning of communist propaganda. After the presentation of sources and goals of the paper, I analyse the depiction of war criminals, the perception of democracy and the Western states, and the representation of democrats and German enemies within the country in Hungary. Then I analyse the depiction of the self of the communists and finally, before the conclusions, the Peace Treaty of Paris in caricatures. The analysed propaganda caricatures documented well the views and propaganda methods of the Communist Parties regarding the above-mentioned topics.

When Austria-Hungary occupied Bosnia and Herzegovina, it brought many social and cultural changes. One of them was suppressing the widespread culture of holding and carrying arms that existed in Ottoman Bosnia. Holding arms was still possible but under strict control. Firearm holders were, therefore, a very tiny, privileged group inside society. In this paper, we analyze the ethnic/religious and social structure of this group in the case of the Tuzla Circle in 1904. How large was this group? Were there differences along ethnic and social lines in terms of firearm holding rates? These are the key questions we are seeking answers to in this paper, with an aim to get the first insight into the broader picture of firearm holding in the entire province under the Monarchy’s control.

The focus of the paper is on the fate of a special police unit and its members. Before World War II, the civilian response work in the present sense took place within the framework of the police in Hungary. Within the framework of the Budapest Metropolitan Police Commissariat, the task of the Political Police Department was to carry out the prevention work. By the end of the 1930s, it was clear that Germany, an ally on paper, was active in Hungary. Thus, when the Wehrmacht occupied Hungary on March 19, 1944, one of the first steps the invading SS and SD units have taken was to arrest the police officers working against the Germans. At the same time, many police officers have anticipated the continuation of their careers, moreover, a progress in it after the German occupation. The State Security Police, established at that time, served the occupiers and participated in the Holocaust. Typically, they continued to work in 1945 to wrap up an anti-state conspiracy. The mentioned German-arrested police officers were detained for weeks and then deported. In 1945, they were liberated by US troops and then entered the CIC to find the Hungarian war criminals. Finally, the study dealt with the post-war fate and career of the policemen featured in the article.

Yugoslav and German “questions” emerged in the early 1950s as specific issues in international politics marked by the Cold War. Through them, the strengths of the opposing blocs led by the superpowers, the USA and the USSR, were measured in various ways and with different intensities. This paper attempts to reconstruct and analyze the initial phase of the relationship between Yugoslav Communists and German Social Democrats, from the establishment of closer contacts to the change in the foreign policy situation after Stalin’s death. The paper is mainly based on research using unpublished archived materials from domestic sources and relevant domestic and foreign literature.

By examining debates on the Anthropocene era ignited by new materialist and posthumanist scholarship, this paper aims to discern how these perspectives can reframe the human-nature nexus. It also considers how various “developmentalist” approaches might assume the role traditionally held by the concept of human nature. The first section highlights concerns raised by posthumanist and neomaterialist scholars about the marginalized status of “nature”, life, and biology within dominant constructivist viewpoints. A central argument posits that notions like “denaturalization” and biopolitics amplify societal dominance over nature, pushing social theory towards an anthropocentric and potentially biologically indeterminate stance. Contrasting this, the second section delves into modern interpretations of the planet in social theory, inspired by the emergence of the Anthropocene. This lens reveals a dynamic, co-constitutive relationship, tilting less towards the unilateral commands of “nature” and more towards understanding the evolution of human life and societal structures within Earth’s expansive temporal and spatial realms. The third section further unpacks these developmental ideas by juxtaposing the theories of Bruno Latour and Tim Ingold. The paper contends that both approaches endeavor to illuminate the complex processes underpinning the evolution of life forms, underscoring the significance of culture. In conclusion, the intricate postnatural landscape of the Anthropocene necessitates a more integrated human-nature relationship. This calls for not only discarding dehumanizing facets of human nature, but also fostering a renewed sensibility - a deeper form of humanizing that acknowledges and celebrates our shared existence with other species and entities.

In this paper, I analyze and compare Maria Kronfeldner’s and Tim Ingold’s views on the conceptual relationship between nature and culture. I show that despite the differences, their views remain close, particularly in terms of their integrative potential. The ultimate purpose of this examination is to lay the groundwork for further research on the problem of conceptual integration between sociocultural anthropology and evolutionary psychology. The paper comprises four main sections. First, I briefly explore the history of Darwinism to show how nature and culture were conceptualized within this framework. Second, I deal with Kronfeldner’s separationist stance and Ingold’s holistic perspective on the nature/ culture conceptual relationship. Third, I discuss the implications of their views on the choice of research heuristics in the sciences that study human nature and cultures. While I interpret Ingold as supporting methodological integration, Kronfelder argues for a version of integrative pluralism. Lastly, I provide an outlook for further discussions on conceptual integration and integrative pluralism.

This paper spells out the ways in which we need to be pluralists about “human nature”. It discusses a conceptual pluralism about the concept of “human nature”, stemming from post-essentialist ontology and the semantic complexity of the term “nature”; a descriptive pluralism about the “descriptive nature” of human beings, which is a pluralism regarding our self-understanding as human beings that stems from the long list of typical features of, and relations between, human beings; a natural kind term pluralism, which is a pluralism that concerns the choices we have in deciding how to apply the kind term “human”; and an explanatory pluralism that results from the causal complexity of life. Because of the complexity of being human, which gives rise to these pluralisms, being human is, the paper claims, a kaleidoscopic affair, and one far from concerning the life sciences only.

The paper examines the scientific contribution and creative work of the lesser-known Polish linguist, Baudouin de Courtenay (1845-1929), a distinguished Slavist and Indo-Europeanist. The paper discusses numerous aspects of his modernist theories and provides an overview of the most significant reflections on language that can be considered as precursors to contemporary linguistic thought. In his long academic career from the Kazan period to his engagement at the universities of Dorpat, Kraków, Saint Petersburg, and Warsaw, the paper highlights the various influences he exerted on the linguistic research of his time as well as on the later generations of linguists with a special reference to de Courtenay's influence on Ferdinand de Saussure and the development of general and structural linguistics. The paper examines the evolution and development of de Courtenay's thought in various domains such as the theory of phonemes and phonetic alternations, which positioned him as the forerunner of the Prague Linguistic Circle, psycholinguistic research and the definition of language as a psychosocial phenomenon, South Slavic dialectology and lexicology, as well as the study of the use of language in other sciences and disciplines.

This paper analyzes the theory of Islam as a religion that could have formed a rationalistic civilization, based on scientific progress, individualism and democracy. One of the representative studies on this topic is the work of Mustafa Akyol Reopening of Muslim Minds, in which the author uses the method of counterfactual analysis, posing the fundamental question: what would Islamic civilization look like if in the Sunni majority had not prevailed Ash’ari theology, but rationalistic, Mu’tazili theology? Although it could be said that the author of this study does not err when he concludes that Ash’ari occasionalism stopped the development of science in Islam, he nevertheless errs when he claims that the doctrines of voluntarism, predestination, and uncreatedness of the Qur’an, were generators of injustice in Islamic society. In this paper we tried to analyze the metaphysical foundations of these doctrines, re-examine the validity of the hypothesis about their harmfulness, and re-examine whether the observed harmful effects come from Islamic tradition or from the more recent attempts of modernization of Islam.

The subject of this paper is the analysis of the application of the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide of 1951 before the International Court of Justice in The Hague, in the case of Bosnia and Herzegovina v. Serbia and Montenegro, for violating the provisions of this Convention. This Court shall, by Article IX of the Convention, have jurisdiction in disputes between contracting states, concerning the interpretation, application and enforcement of the Convention, including those relating to the responsibility of a state for the crime of genocide or any other offense established in Article III of the Convention. Article I of the Convention stipulates that states are obliged to prevent genocide and punish the perpetrator. Furthermore, the responsibility of states under Article IX of the Convention relates only to the state’s failure to prevent the commission of genocide and other acts under Article III of the Convention and to punish the perpetrators. An analysis of the text of the Convention and the content of the claim of Bosnia and Herzegovina of 24 April 2006, shows that the claim of Bosnia and Herzegovina falls outside the scope of Article IX of the Convention, which is especially problematized in this paper by the author.

The main goal of this paper is to point out the concept of creativity in teaching, specifically creativity in the teaching of Nature and Society. Nature and society, as a subject, provide many opportunities to express the creativity that we carry within us through the role of a teacher, as well as to teach students how to be creative. The paper highlights examples of different teaching units that indicate ways to encourage creativity in students and awaken their imagination. Through teaching, through tasks that the teacher creatively devises, we encourage students to think creatively and act, in addition to acquiring knowledge more permanently and functionally. Possibilities of creating Nature and Society lessons through creative examples and experiments, as well as evaluating and measuring creativity, were presented. The work results indicated that creative teachers create their fruits, which are called creative students, that they are causally connected, and that creativity is a synonym for an expert and professional teacher.

An opera is a complex, multidisciplinary, stage music genre that primary school pupils in the 8th grade aurally and visually recognize, differentiate, describe, and compare as part of the primary school subject Music Culture. The paper presents the contribution of the preparation and performance of an opera on the case study of Ivan Josip Skender's Šuma Striborova (The Stribor's Forest), an opera for adults and children (to the libretto by Ozren Prohić, based on the fairy tale of the same name written by Ivana Brlić Mažuranić) performed by the pupils of the Bartul Kašić Primary School in Zadar, in July 2023. It is an innovative and unique project in Croatia designed to bring opera closer to young people. The paper presents the Curriculum for the subject of Music for both primary and high schools in the Republic of Croatia, where the case study analysis methodology presents the outcomes within three domains: A – Listening and getting to know music, B – Expressing yourself through music and with music, and C – Music in context, which are realized by participating in the performance of an opera. Furthermore, there are also tasks (material, functional, and educational) that are realized through musical activities such as opera production. The contribution of this work is the possibility and presentation of the pupils’ performance of the ballet and puppet show the Šuma Striborova opera through active listening. During such a performance, the recipients are also active, while the audience reacts to the music and action. Through active listening, one is brought up aesthetically and grows both personally and culturally.

The paper deals with establishing a connection between the labor market and English language teaching for geologists using the CLIL method. This means that the traditional method of learning the language for specific purposes is improved by a more intensive linguistic approach through the 4Cs model (content, cognition, communication, and culture) where academic teaching tries to be intimately connected with real life and the corresponding profession. In achieving that goal, the work offers teaching activities that combine academic and practical knowledge, which are adapted to the current moment and created according to the needs and expectations of users. For the sake of clarity, the paper is divided into the following parts: introduction, the logic of the connection between teaching geology and the labor market, the first part addresses the combination of geology, language skills, and occupations, the second part offers concrete examples of activities and their application in teaching, and finally, the concluding considerations where the importance of autonomous learning as a prerequisite for quality lifelong growth and self-fulfillment is highlighted. Without the ambition to reach the full scope of the described intention in the first year of study, our goal is for students to notice the value and connection between knowledge and the profession so that learning from the first lecture can be meaningful, motivated, and personalized.

This paper explores metonymic uses of the body part “hand” in the English language and „ruka” and „šaka” in the Bosnian language. The paper aims to establish similarities and differences between the languages in terms of conceptual metonymies exploiting these body parts. The paper also tries to determine to what extent conceptual metonymy interacts with or exploits other processes of cognitive thinking, namely chained metonymies and metaphors. The methodological framework of corpus analysis is by the taxonomies of metonymy types developed by Radden and Kövecses (1999) and Kövecses (2002) and patterns of conceptual interaction (Diez Velasco 2000, 2002). The study will show that body-part metonymies can form chained metonymies and that they often serve as a basis for metaphorical mapping.

Katabasis represents a narrative trope which refers to the hero’s journey into the underworld, a descent into the realm of the dead, and whose presence can be found across the world, from ancient mythologies to contemporary literature. The aim of this paper is to point to the possibility of reading Margaret Atwood’s The Handmaid’s Tale as a katabatic narrative, more precisely as a variation of the archetypal hero’s journey into the underworld, where, instead of the land of the past, the descent is directed towards a dystopian future and where, instead of a mythical superhero, the protagonist is a modern-day heroine. Having already tackled the subject of Western capitalism governed by patriarchal power relations, its obsession with controlling nature, especially the process of reproduction, and the ensuing feminist descent from it, in The Handmaid’s Tale Atwood adjusts and adapts the dynamic topos of the katabasis so as to suit the contemporary reality and modern traumas. She presents a female narrator, a superheroine, trapped within the boundaries of a claustrophobic world, where women live subjugated and segregated by the oppressive male regime. Following the generic features of the term katabasis, the paper analyses the katabatic experience of Offred in the Republic of Gilead, a topos of Hell in not such a distant future, where the past has been erased and the citizens, especially the female ones, have been denied any right to identity and individuality. As there are numerous instances of carnivalesque elements, it is possible to approach the community of Gilead from the perspective of the carnivalization of the katabasis, both in the way it was defined by Mikhail Bakhtin and in a modern rendition explained by Linda Hutcheon, i.e. both a positive and an ironizing version of the concept.